Efficiency of Post-Space Irrigation Protocols on the Push-Out Bond Strength of Fiber Post to Post-Space

Year 2025, Volume: 35 Issue: 3, 183 - 188, 24.07.2025

Soner Şişmanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17567/currresdentsci.1754223

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine how different post-space irrigation protocols influence the push-out bond strength (PBS) of fiber posts to the post-space.
Method: The study involved 60 mandibular first premolar teeth with single root. The teeth were divided into two in accordance with the irrigation protocol (n = 30): passive irrigation and sonic irrigation. A self-adhesive resin cement was used for the cementation of fiber posts. One half of the specimens underwent chewing simulation for 250,000 cycles of dynamic loading with thermal cycling. For each tooth, three transversal sections were taken, with each section having a thickness of 2 mm. These sections were collected from the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the post-place. The PBS in each section was examined using a universal testing device. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using three-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, with a significance level set at 5%.
Results: The passive irrigation group demonstrated the lowest bond strength (P <.05). The coronal region exhibited elevated bond strength compared to the apical region, irrespective of the irrigation protocol (P <.05). The sonic irrigation group predominantly exhibited mixed failure, whereas the passive irrigation group mainly exhibited adhesive failure type. Additionally, the bond strength values decreased significantly after the chewing simulator.
Conclusion: Regardless of the irrigation protocol, higher fiber post bond strength values were obtained for the coronal third compared to the apical third. Sonic activation resulted in a twofold increase in PBS in the apical third compared to passive irrigation.
Keywords: Adhesion, Bond stregth, Endodontically treated teeth, Fiber posts, Irrigation

Keywords

Adhesion , Bond stregth , Endodontically treated teeth , Fiber posts

References

• 1. Kanzler Abdel Raouf V, Jockusch J, Al-Haj Husain N, Dydyk N, Özcan M. Push-out bond strength assessment of different post systems at different radicular levels of endodontically treated teeth. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(15):5134.
• 2. Perdigão J, Gomes G, Augusto V. The effect of dowel space on the bond strengths of fiber posts. J Prosthodont. 2007;16(3):154-164.
• 3. Huang TJ, Schilder H, Nathanson D. Effects of moisture content and endodontic treatment on some mechanical properties of human dentin. J Endod. 1992;18(5):209-215.
• 4. Sedgley CM, Messer HH. Are endodontically treated teeth more brittle? J Endod. 1992;18(7):332-335.
• 5. Sorensen JA, Martinoff JT. Intracoronal reinforcement and coronal coverage: a study of endodontically treated teeth. J Prosthet Dent. 1984;51(6):780-784.
• 6. Goracci C, Ferrari M. Current perspectives on post systems: a literature review. Aust Dent J. 2011;56(Suppl 1):77-83.
• 7. Belizário LG, Kuga MC, Hungaro Duarte MA, Só MVR, Keine KC, Pereira JR. Effect of fiber post space irrigation with different peracetic acid formulations on the bond strength and penetration into the dentinal tubules of self-etching resin cement. J Prosthet Dent. 2019;122(1):46.e1-46.e7.
• 8. Okay TC, Üçtaşlı MB, Deniz Arısu H. Post boşluğuna bağlayıcı uygulamalarının kendinden bağlanabilen rezin siman kullanılarak yapıştırılan fiber postların push-out bağlanma dayanımlarına etkileri. Acta Odontol Turc. 2017;34(1):24-30.
• 9. Kırmalı Ö, Üstün Ö, Kapdan A, Kuştarcı A. Evaluation of various pretreatments to fiber post on the push-out bond strength of root canal dentin. J Endod. 2017;43(7):1180-1185.
• 10. Boschian Pest L, Cavalli G, Bertani P, Gagliani M. Adhesive post-endodontic restorations with fiber posts: push-out tests and SEM observations. Dent Mater. 2002;18(8):596-602.
• 11. Moura AS, Pereira RD, Rached FJ Junior, et al. Influence of root dentin treatment on the push-out bond strength of fibre-reinforced posts. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31:e29.
• 12. Boutsioukis C, Lambrianidis T, Kastrinakis E. Irrigant flow within a prepared root canal using various flow rates: a computational fluid dynamics study. Int Endod J. 2009;42(2):144-155.
• 13. Zehnder M. Root canal irrigants. J Endod. 2006;32(5):389-398.
• 14. Gu XH, Mao CY, Kern M. Effect of different irrigation on smear layer removal after post space preparation. J Endod. 2009;35(4):583-586.
• 15. Huang TY, Gulabivala K, Ng YL. A bio-molecular film ex-vivo model to evaluate the influence of canal dimensions and irrigation variables on the efficacy of irrigation. Int Endod J. 2008;41(1):60-71.
• 16. Kole S, Ergun G. Bond strength of various post-core restorations with different lengths and diameters following cycle loading. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2023;142:105804.
• 17. Topçuoğlu HS, Tuncay Ö, Demirbuga S, Dinçer AN, Arslan H. The effect of different final irrigant activation techniques on the bond strength of an epoxy resin-based endodontic sealer: a preliminary study. J Endod. 2014;40(6):862-866.
• 18. Radovic I, Monticelli F, Goracci C, Vulicevic ZR, Ferrari M. Self-adhesive resin cements: a literature review. J Adhes Dent. 2008;10(4):251-258.
• 19. Blatz MB, Sadan A, Kern M. Resin-ceramic bonding: a review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;89(3):268-274.
• 20. Goracci C, Sadek FT, Fabianelli A, Tay FR, Ferrari M. Evaluation of the adhesion of fiber posts to intraradicular dentin. Oper Dent. 2005;30(5):627-635.
• 21. Bitter K, Paris S, Pfuertner C, Neumann K, Kielbassa AM. Morphological and bond strength evaluation of different resin cements to root dentin. Eur J Oral Sci. 2009;117(3):326-333.
• 22. Bitter K, Priehn K, Martus P, Kielbassa AM. In vitro evaluation of push-out bond strengths of various luting agents to tooth-colored posts. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;95(4):302-310.
• 23. Erdemir U, Mumcu E, Topcu FT, Yildiz E, Yamanel K, Akyol M. Micro push-out bond strengths of 2 fiber post types luted using different adhesive strategies. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;110(4):534-544.
• 24. Oğuz Eİ, Seyedebrahimi A, Odabaşı Tezer E, Öztan M. Farklı irrigasyon aktivasyon yöntemlerinin rezin siman kullanılarak yapıştırılan fiber postların bağlanma dayanımına etkileri. Selcuk Dental Journal. 2022;9(2):394-401.
• 25. Serafino C, Gallina G, Cumbo E, Ferrari M. Surface debris of canal walls after post space preparation in endodontically treated teeth: a scanning electron microscopic study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2004;97(3):381-387.
• 26. Akyuz Ekim SN, Erdemir A. Effect of different irrigant activation protocols on push-out bond strength. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(8):2143-2149.
• 27. Bitter K, Hambarayan A, Neumann K, Blunck U, Sterzenbach G. Various irrigation protocols for final rinse to improve bond strengths of fiber posts inside the root canal. Eur J Oral Sci. 2013;121(4):349-354.
• 28. Fundaoğlu Küçükekenci F, Küçükekenci AS. Effect of ultrasonic and Nd: Yag laser activation on irrigants on the push-out bond strength of fiber post to the root canal. J Appl Oral Sci. 2019;27:e20180420.
• 29. Ertas H, Ok E, Uysal B, Arslan H. Effects of different irrigating solutions and disinfection methods on push-out bond strengths of fiber posts. Acta Odontol Scand. 2014;72(8):783-787.
• 30. Carrasco R, Román R, Ojeda M, Vergara C. Sonic versus ultrasonic activation for the cleaning of the root canal after post space preparation: an in vitro study. J Oral Res. 2015;4(4):255-262.
• 31. Galler KM, Grubmüller V, Schlichting R, et al. Penetration depth of irrigants into root dentine after sonic, ultrasonic and photoacoustic activation. Int Endod J. 2019;52(8):1210-1217.
• 32. Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç B, Deniz Arısu H, Uçtaşlı MB, Okay TC. The effect of different adhesive system applications on push-out bond strengths of glass fiber posts. J Adv Prosthodont. 2013;5(3):305-311.
• 33. Kırmalı Ö, Sekmen T, Karaarslan A. Push-out bond strength of various surface treatments on fiber post to root canal dentine using different irrigation techniques. Microsc Res Tech. 2021;84(9):2024-2033.
• 34. Goracci C, Margvelashvili M, Giovannetti A, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a new self-adhering flowable resin composite. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17(2):609-617.
• 35. Goracci C, Tavares AU, Fabianelli A, et al. The adhesion between fiber posts and root canal walls: comparison between microtensile and push-out bond strength measurements. Eur J Oral Sci. 2004;112(4):353-361.