The Effect of Different Irrigation Types on Distribution and Population Densities of Citrus Nematode [Tylenchulus semipenetrans (Cobb, 1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae)] in Citrus Orchards in Adana and Mersin Provinces

Abstract

Determination of distribution and population density of citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb (1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae) is essential for effective control. In this study, 42 different soil and root samples were taken from citrus orchards of different ages in Adana (Yüreğir) and Mersin (Yenice) provinces, where flood irrigation and drip irrigation were applied. The samples were collected from the orchards twice in 2015, in March-April and September-October. Tylenchulus semipenetrans was detected in 100%, 88.8%, 85.7% 75%, 66.6% of the surveyed orchards. Citrus nematode was found in all the samples taken from these orchards. The population density was found to be lower in newly established or early age and drip irrigation orchards. It has been observed that the nematode is above the economic damage threshold and tolerates it in mature orchards.

Keywords

• tylenchulus semipenetrans
• Citrus spp.
• distrubution
• population density
• plant parasitic nematodes

Adana ve Mersin illerinde Farklı Sulama uygulanan Turunçgil Bahçelerinde Tylenchulus semipenetrans (Cobb, 1913) (Tylenchida:Tylenchulidae)’ın Yayılışı ve Yoğunluklarının Saptanması

Abstract

Turunçgil nematodu, Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb (1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae)’nun dağılımının ve popülasyon yoğunluğunun belirlenmesi etkili bir mücadele için gereklidir. Bu çalışmada Adana (Yüreğir) ve Mersin (Yenice)’de damlama ve salma sulama yapılan farklı yaşlardaki 42 farklı bahçeden toprak ve kök örneği alınmıştır. Örnekler 2 defa olmak üzere, 2015 Mart-Nisan ve Eylül-Ekim aylarında bahçelerden toplanmıştır. Sürvey yapılan bahçelerde Tylenchulus semipenetrans 100%, 88.8%, 85.7% 75%, 66.6% oranında tespit edilmiştir. Bu bahçelerden alınan örneklerin hepsinde Turunçgil nematodu bulunmuştur. Yeni kurulan veya genç yaştaki ve damlama sulama yapılan bahçelerde popülasyon yoğunluğu diğerlerine göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Yaşlı bahçelerde zararlının ekonomik zarar eşiğinin üzerinde olduğu ve bunu tolere ettiği gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Tylenchulus semipenetrans
• Citrus spp.
• yayılış
• populasyon yoğunluğu
• bitki paraziti nematodlar

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