Effect of Different Soil Depths and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Levels on Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) Seed Germination

Abstract

In today's world, the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations due to global warming plays a critical role in the biology and distribution of weeds within agricultural production systems. This study aimed to evaluate the germination performance of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) seeds—an economically significant and widespread weed in agricultural lands—under different sowing depths (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 cm) and varying carbon dioxide levels (400, 600, and 800 ppm). The research was carried out in fully automated temperature and carbon dioxide controlled greenhouse conditions of the Plant Protection Department of Malatya Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Agriculture. The experimental results revealed that both the depth at which the seeds were planted and the carbon dioxide levels to which they were exposed had a statistically significant and direct effect on germination rates. The highest germination rate was recorded as 66.25% at a depth of 2 cm and a carbon dioxide level of 600 ppm. In contrast, the lowest germination rate was recorded as 10.65% at a depth of 16 cm and a carbon dioxide level of 400 ppm. The findings show that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide and planting depth may be determinants of the germination potential of weeds in the soil. It is thought that using the soil tillage method will be beneficial for producers in combating field bindweed, which is found in many regions of our country and causes economic yield losses.

Keywords

• Field Bindweed
• Depth
• Carbondioxide
• Germination

Farklı Toprak Derinlikleri ve Karbondioksit (CO2) Seviyelerinin Tarla Sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis L.) Tohum Çimlenmesine Etkisi

Abstract

Günümüzde küresel ısınmanın etkisiyle atmosferdeki karbondioksit (CO₂) konsantrasyonlarında yaşanan artış, tarımsal üretim sistemlerinde yabancı otların biyolojisi ve yayılışı üzerinde belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma, tarım alanlarında yaygın olarak görülen ve önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açan tarla sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis L.) tohumlarının farklı ekim derinlikleri (0, 2, 4, 8, 12 ve 16 cm) ile çeşitli karbondioksit seviyelerinde (400, 600 ve 800 ppm) çimlenme performanslarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü’ne ait tam otomasyonlu sıcaklık ve karbondioksit kontrollü sera koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonuçları, hem tohumların ekildiği derinliğin hem de maruz kaldıkları karbondioksit seviyelerinin çimlenme oranları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve doğrudan etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. En yüksek çimlenme oranı %66.25 ile 2 cm derinlikte ve 600 ppm karbondioksit düzeyinde) kaydedilmiştir. Buna karşılık, en düşük çimlenme oranı %10.65 ile 16 cm derinlikte ve 400 ppm karbondioksit düzeyinde tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, atmosferik karbondioksit ve ekim derinliğindeki artışların, yabancı otların toprak içerisindeki çimlenme potansiyelleri üzerinde belirleyici olabileceğini göstermektedir. Ülkemizin birçok bölgesinde rastlanılan ve ekonomik olarak verim kayıplarına neden olan tarla sarmaşığı ile mücadelede, toprak işleme yönteminin kullanılmasının üreticilere yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Convolvulus arvensis L.
• Derinlik
• Karbondioksit
• Çimlenme

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