The Effect of Different Varieties and Planting Times on the Yield and Quality of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) Flowers and Seeds in Çukurova Conditions

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 2, 390 - 400, 30.12.2024

Selin Gedik Keleş , Leyla Tansı

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of different varieties (Pot Marigold and Orange King) and planting times (March 15, April 1 and April 15) on the yield and quality of flowers and seeds of Calendula (Calen-dula officinalis) plant in the 2020-2021 growing seasons in Çukurova conditions. The experiment was set up in a split plot randomized complete block design with 3 replications. According to the data, the highest dry flower yield (360.63 kg/ha, March 15, 2021) was obtained from Pot Marigold variety, the highest fresh flower yield (1308.67 kg/da, March 15, 2020), flower essential oil (0.05 %, 15 March 2021) was obtained from Orange King variety. Highest seed yield 35.6 kg/da from balloon smooth shaped, highest seed fixed oil 15.39 % from balloon smooth shaped, was obtained. The maincomponent in flower essential oil was α-cadinol and in seed oil it as identified as calendic acid (α+β). Both varieties exhibit similar trends in terms of essential oils for use in commercial medicinal and food industries, while the Pot Marigold variety stands out in terms of dry flower yield, seed yield, and seed oil.

Keywords

Calendula, sowing time, cultivar, flower, seed.

Çukurova Koşullarında Farklı Çeşit ve Ekim Zamanlarının Aynısafa (Calendula officinalis L.) Çiçek ve Tohumlarının Verim ve Kalitesine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Çukurova koşullarında 2020-2021 büyüme sezonlarında Pot Marigold ve Orange King olmak üzere farklı çeşitlerin ve ekim zamanlarının (15 Mart, 1 Nisan ve 15 Nisan) Aynısafa (Calendula officinalis) bitkisinin çiçek ve tohum verimi ile kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme, 3 tekrarlamalı bir split-plot randomize tam blok tasarımında kurulmuştur. Verilere göre, en yüksek kuru çiçek verimi (360.63 kg/ha, 15 Mart 2021) Pot Marigold çeşidinden elde edilmiş, en yüksek taze çiçek verimi (1308.67 kg/da, 15 Mart 2020), çiçek esansiyel yağı (%0.05, 15 Mart 2021) Orange King çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Balon düzgün şekilli olanlardan en yüksek tohum verimi 35.6 kg/da, en yüksek tohum sabit yağı %15.39, elde edilmiştir. Çiçek esansiyel yağdaki ana bileşen α-cadinol iken tohum yağında calendic asit (α+β) olarak belirlenmiştir. Hem Pot Marigold hem de Orange King çeşitleri Çukurova koşullarında başarılı bir şekilde yetiştirilebilir. Her iki çeşit de ticari tıbbi ve gıda endüstrisinde kullanım için esansiyel yağlar açısından benzer eğilimler gösterirken, Pot Marigold çeşidi kuru çiçek verimi, tohum verimi ve tohum yağı açısından öne çıkmaktadır.

Keywords

Aynısafa, ekim zamanları, çeşit, çiçek, tohum

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