Göç Yönetişiminde Dijital Dönüşüm: Özerk Yapay Zekânın Potansiyeli, Riskleri ve Eleştirel Perspektifler

Abstract

Bu çalışma, dijital dönüşüm bağlamında göç yönetişiminde özerk yapay zekânın (YZ) potansiyelini, fırsatlarını ve risklerini incelemektedir. Küreselleşme, iklim değişikliği ve çatışmalar nedeniyle giderek karmaşıklaşan göç süreçleri, çok aktörlü ve çok düzeyli bir yönetişim anlayışını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Veri entegrasyonu, senaryo simülasyonu ve karar verme kapasitesiyle öne çıkan özerk YZ, göç yönetiminde verimliliği, öngörü kapasitesini ve uluslararası paydaşlar arasındaki koordinasyonu artırarak önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Ancak, bu sistemlerin özerk karar alma niteliği etik, hukuki ve toplumsal riskleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Çok düzeyli yönetişim, risk toplumu, gözetim toplumu, biyopolitika, çıplak hayat, gözetim kapitalizmi, kamusal alan, kozmopolit misafirperverlik ve sorumluluk gibi kuramsal çerçevelerden yararlanan çalışma, özerk YZ’yi yalnızca teknik bir araç olarak değil, göç yönetişiminde karar süreçlerini dönüştüren dijital bir aktör olarak ele almaktadır. Çalışmada, özerk YZ’nin koordinasyon, şeffaflık ve dayanıklılığı güçlendirme potansiyeline sahip olduğu, ancak ayrımcılık, insan denetiminin zayıflaması ve veri istismarı gibi riskler taşıdığı vurgulanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, yeni dijital dışlanma biçimlerini ve teknokratik eşitsizlikleri önlemek için insan merkezli, etik ve sorumlu bir YZ yönetişimi gereklidir.

Keywords

• göç yönetişimi
• dijital dönüşüm
• özerk yapay zekâ

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