Yahudi asıllı mühtedî bir bilgin olan Ebu Muhammed Abdülhak el-İslâmî el-Mağribî, XIV. ve XV. yüzyıllar arasında Fas’ın Sebte şehrinde yaşamıştır. El-İslâmî Müslüman olduktan 16 yıl sonra el-Husâmu’l-Memdû fi’r-Redd ale’l-Yehûd adlı Yahudilik hakkındaki reddiyesini kaleme almıştır. Beş bölümden oluşan bu eserde, beşâiru’n-nübüvve, nesih, tahrif ve tecsim gibi Yahudilik hakkındaki temel reddiye konularının hemen hepsine sistematik bir şekilde yer verilmektedir. Yahudi dinî ve sosyal hayatı hakkında ayrıntılı bilgilerin de yer aldığı reddiyede, diğer reddiyelerde görülmeyen özgün deliller bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda el-Husâmu’l-Memdûd, kapsamı geniş bir reddiyedir. Bu makalede, Türkçe akademik bir çalışmaya konu olmayan Yahudi kökenli Müslüman bir âlim ve Yahudilik eleştirisi incelenerek Türkiye'deki akademik çevrelere tanıtılmış olacaktır.
Abū Muḥammad
ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Islāmī al-Maghribī lived in Ceuta, Morocco during the 14th-15th
centuries. Towards the
end of 14th century, at the age of 40, he had converted from Judaism to
Islam. After sixteen years of his conversion, approximately between 1393 and
1396, al-Islāmī wrote his polemic against Judaism in Arabic entitled al-Husām al-Mamdūd fī l-Radd ‘alā al-Yahūd (The Outstretched Sword for Refuting the
Jews) or al-Sayf al-Mamdūd fī l-Radd ‘alā Ahbār al-Yahūd (The Outstretched
Sword for Refuting the Rabbis of the Jews). His work consists of
five chapters and all chapters were presented systematically by ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq
al-Islāmī. Tahrīf (distortion), tabdīl (alteration), naskh (abrogation), tajsīm
(antropomorphism) and bashair al-nubuwwah (predictions for the Prophet
Muhammad) are the main issues of al-Husām
al-Mamdūd.
al-Husām al-Mamdūd informs
us about religious and social life of Jewish society. It has also new data
which never seen before in other polemics. In this respect, al-Husām al-Mamdūd deserves attention.
al-Islāmī used Torah and the Jewish prayer books while he was advocating his
claims about Judaism. He was loyal to the text of Torah most of the time. But
in the texts that predictions for the Prophet Muhammad, he arbitrarily added
words or changed the texts. Therefore, the reader is suspicious about the
authenticity of the other arguments presented in the polemic. In this article,
al-Islāmī’s polemic, in the context of Jewish and Islamic sources, will be
examined and evaluated and he will be introduced to Turkish academia, on whom
no study has yet been carried out in Turkish.
Predictions for the Prophet Muhammad (Bashair al-Nubuwwah) Abrogation (Naskh) Distortion (Tahrīf) Antropomorphism (Tajsīm)
Journal Section | Articles |
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Authors | |
Publication Date | June 19, 2017 |
Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 20 Issue: 51 (19-06-2017) |