The Opinion of The Taiwanese Media on Pro-Independence and Pro-Unification with People Republic China During Tsai Ing-Wen Era

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 6, 131 - 147, 01.07.2020

Ahmet Yiğitalp Tulga

Abstract

Taiwan-People’s Republic of China (PRC) relations have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. These relationships are at the core of Taiwan's social and political life. The pro-independence and pro-unification social cleavage line affected by Taiwan-PRC relations divides Taiwan's political life into two separate camps. These camps are pan-blue coalition (pro-unification) and the pan-green coalition (pro-independence). In this study, the views of Taiwanese newspapers containing both camps on Taiwan-PRC relations are analyzed quantitatively. The study focuses specifically on the Tsai Ing-Wen period. Within the scope of the study, dictionary-based and sentiment analysis methods are used and the selected newspapers are examined with these principles. As a consequence of the quantitative analysis of these three English Taiwanese newspapers, it is shown that the media adopted a perspective similar to the views of the government and the DPP throughout the Tsai Ing-Wen period. Furthermore, sentiment analysis is done of the news from these newspapers relevant to PRC-Taiwan ties. It has been noted that the reporting regarding PRC-Taiwan ties in all three newspapers has a positive language.

Keywords

Taiwan, PRC, Text Analysis, Pro-Unification, Pro-Independence, KMT, DPP

Tayvan Medyasinin Tsai Ing-Wen Döneminde Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ile Birleşme ve Bağimsizlik Konusundaki Görüşü

Abstract

Tayvan-Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti (ÇHC) ilişkileri son yıllarda akademik çevrelerde büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu ilişkiler Tayvan'ın sosyal ve politik yaşamının da merkezinde yer almaktadır. Tayvan-ÇHC ilişkilerinden etkilenen bağımsızlık yanlısı ve birleşim yanlısı toplumsal bölünme hattı, Tayvan siyasi yaşamını iki ayrı kampa ayırmaktadır. Bu kamplar pan-mavi koalisyonu (birleşme yanlısı) ve pan-yeşil koalisyonudur (bağımsızlık). Bu çalışmada, her iki kampı da içeren Tayvan gazetelerinin Tayvan-ÇHC ilişkileri üzerine görüşleri nicel olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma özellikle Tsai Ing-Wen dönemine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında sözlüğe dayalı ve duygu analiz yöntemleri kullanılmış ve seçilen gazeteler bu ilkelerle incelenmiştir. Bu üç İngilizce yayın yapan Tayvan gazetelerinin nicel analizlerinin bir sonucu olarak, medyanın Tsai Ing-Wen dönemi boyunca hükümetin ve DPP'nin görüşlerine benzer bir bakış açısı benimsediği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, Tayvan-ÇHC ilişkileriyle ilgili bu gazetelerden alınan haberlere duygu analizi yapılmıştır. Her üç gazetede de PRC-Tayvan ilişkileri ile ilgili olan haberlerin olumlu bir dil kullanıldığı bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Tayvan, ÇHC, Metin Analizi, Birleşme Yanlısı, Bağımsızlık Yanlısı, KMT, DPP

References

• Bonikowski, B., & Gidron, N. (2015). “Varieties of populism: Literature Review and Research Agenda”, Cambridge : Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Harvard University, No 13-0004.
• Cox, G. W. & M. D. McCubbins (2007). Legislative leviathan: Party government in the House, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
• Dalton, R. J. (1996). Democracy and its Citizens: Patterns of Political Change. , California : UC Irvine: Center for the Study of Democracy, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pn25985 ( Access 20.05.2020)
• Downs, A. (1957). "An economic theory of political action in a democracy." Journal of political Economy 65(2): 135-150.
• Duverger, M. (1959). Political parties: Their organization and activity in the modern state, London : Methuen. & Co.
• Examination Yuan (2019). Examination Yuan of ROC. https://www.exam.gov.tw/cp.asp?xItem=1726&ctNode=602&mp=5 (April, 17, 2019).
• Executive Yuan. (2019). Executive Yuan, Republic of China (Taiwan), about Executive Yuan. https://english.ey.gov.tw (April, 16, 2019).
• Fell, D. (2018). Government and politics in Taiwan. Routledge Pub. 2nd Edition.
• Feuerriegel, S., & Neumann, D. (2019). “Measuring the financial impact of demand response for electricity retailers.”, Energy Policy, 65. 359–368. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S030142151301032X (Access 02.05.2020)
• Huang. C., (2017). Taıwan A Country Report Based On Data 1900-2014, V-Dem Country Report Series, No.16.
• Huntington, S. P. (1991). “Modernization and corruption.” in Political corruption: Concepts and Contexts, (ed) Michael Johnston, pp. 253-263.
• Inglehart, R. (1977). “Political dissatisfaction and mass support for social change in advanced industrial society.” Comparative Political Studies, 10(3), 455-472.
• Judicial Yuan. (2019). Judicial Yuan, Clean, Crystal, Competitive Judiciary. https://www.judicial.gov.tw/en/ (April, 16, 2019).
• Legislative Yuan. (2019). Legislative Yuan, Republic of China (Taiwan), introduction. https://www.ly.gov.tw/EngPages/List.aspx?nodeid=341 (April, 16, 2019).
• Lijphart, A. (1979). “Religious vs. linguistic vs. class voting: the “crucial experiment” of comparing Belgium, Canada, South Africa, and Switzerland.” American Political Science Review, 73(2), 442-458.
• Lijphart, A. (1981). “Political Parties: Ideologies and Programs.” In Democracy at the Polls: A Comparative Study of Competitive National Elections, eds. Butler, D., Penniman, H.R., and Ranney, A.. Washington: American Enterprise Institute" pp. 26-51.
• Lijphart, A. (1999). “Power-Sharing versus Majority Rule: Patterns of Cabinet Formation in Twenty Democracies.” Government and Opposition 16(4):395–413.
• Lijphart, A. (2012). Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
• Lipset, S. M. and S. Rokkan (1967). Party Systems And Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives, Free press.
• Neto, O. A., & Cox, G. W. (1997).” Electoral institutions, cleavage structures, and the number of parties.” American Journal of Political Science, 149-174.
• Olson, J. C. (1965). Red Cloud and the Sioux problem , University of Nebraska Press.
• Özbudun, E. (2000). Contemporary Turkish Politics: Challenges to Democratic Consolidation, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
• Powell, G. B. (1982). Contemporary Democracies Participation Stability and Violence, Boston : Harvard University Press.
• Roodiijn, M., & Pauwels, T. (2011). “Measuring Populism: Comparing Two Methods of Content Analysis,” West European Politics, 34:6, 1272-1283.
• Rose, R. (1974). The problem of party government. UK : Palgrave Macmillan Pub.
• Sartori, G. (1986). "The İnfluence Of Electoral Systems: Faulty Laws Or Faulty Method?" in Electoral Laws And Their Political Consequences, (ed) B. Grofman and A. Lijphart, New York : Agathon Press, pp. 43-68.
• Taagepera, R., & Grofman, B. (1985). “Rethinking Duverger's Law: Predicting The Effective Number Of Parties İn Plurality And PR Systems–Parties Minus İssues Equals One.” European Journal of Political Research, 13(4), 341-352.
• Templeman, K. (2019). “Blessings in Disguise: How Authoritarian Legacies and the China Factor Have Strengthened Democracy in Taiwan”, International Journal of Taiwan Studies, 2(2), 230-263.
• The Control Yuan. (2019). The Control Yuan Republic of China (Taiwan). https://www.cy.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=21 (April, 17, 2019).
• The official website of the Republic of China. (2019). Political system. https://www.taiwan.gov.tw/content_4.php (April, 17, 2019).
• Tsai, S. C. (2001). “Some New Earthworms Of The Genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) From Mt. Hohuan Of Taiwan.” , Zoological Studies, 40(4), 276-288.
• Urwin, D. (1969).” Social Cohesion, Political Parties And Strains In Regimes.” Comparative Political Studies, 2(1), 7-67.
• Yüksel, Y. (2013). “An Analysıs Of The Medıa And Government Relationship “,Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi, 8 (1) , 57-70 .