İlham, keşf ve rüya gibi bireysel tecrübeye dayalı manevî unsurlar; fıkıh, hadis ve kelam gibi İslamî ilimler nazarında genel olarak bilgi kaynağı olarak görülmezken tasavvufî anlayışta ise bunlar önemli birer bilgi kaynağı olarak görülmüştür. Bu nedenle tasavvuf ilmi en çok epistemolojik açıdan tartışma konusu olmuştur. Fakihlerin veya diğer ilim ehlinin bu konudaki eleştirilerine karşın mutasavvıfların, ısrarla bu bilgi kaynaklarını savundukları görülmektedir. Bu makalede önde gelen sûfî müfessir İsmail Hakkı Bursevî’nin Rûhu’l-Beyân adlı tefsiri çerçevesinde tasavvuf anlayışındaki bu bilgi kaynaklarına dair görüşler ortaya konulmuş ve bunlara dair değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Buna göre ilham ve keşf gibi vasıtalar mutasavvıflar nazarında vahyin bir türü olup, bu nedenle de güvenilir bilgi kaynakları konumundadır. Bu şekilde manevî tecrübeye dayalı bilgi elde etme yöntemleri ile bir kısım gaybî hususlara muttali olunabildiği gibi, bazı amelî/fıkhî konularda da bunlara dayalı bilgiler ortaya konulduğu görülmektedir. Bu ve benzer hususlar çalışmada ele alınarak fıkhî açıdan değerlendirilmiştir.
While spiritual elements based on individual experience such as inspiration, keshf (exposure) and dream are not generally regarded as sources of knowledge in the sight of Islamic sciences such as fiqh, hadith and kalam; in sufistic understanding, they have been seen as important sources of information. For this reason, the science of sufism has been a discussion topic, mostly in terms of epistemology. Despite the criticisms of the scholars of fiqh or other scholars on this issue, it is seen that Sufis persistently defend these sources of knowledge. In this article, the views on these sources of knowledge in the understanding of sufism are presented and evaluated within the framework of the interpretation of the leading sufi scholiast İsmail Hakkı Bursevî called Rûhu'l-Beyân. Accordingly, the means such as inspiration and keshf are types of divine inspiration in the eyes of the sufis and therefore they are reliable sources of information. In this way, it is seen that some invisible points can be understood with the methods of obtaining information based on spiritual experience, as well as information based on them has been put forth on some practical/fiqh matters.This and similar issues have been discussed within this study and evaluated in terms of fiqh.
While spiritual elements based on individual experience such as inspiration, keshf (exposure) and dream are not generally regarded as sources of knowledge in the sight of Islamic sciences such as fiqh, hadith and kalam; in sufistic understanding, they have been seen as important sources of information. For this reason, the science of sufism has been a discussion topic, mostly in terms of epistemology. Despite the criticisms of the scholars of fiqh or other scholars on this issue, it is seen that Sufis persistently defend these sources of knowledge. In this article, the views on these sources of knowledge in the understanding of sufism are presented and evaluated within the framework of the interpretation of the leading sufi scholiast İsmail Hakkı Bursevî called Rûhu'l-Beyân. Accordingly, the means such as inspiration and keshf are types of divine inspiration in the eyes of the sufis and therefore they are reliable sources of information. In this way, it is seen that some invisible points can be understood with the methods of obtaining information based on spiritual experience, as well as information based on them has been put forth on some practical/fiqh matters.This and similar issues have been discussed within this study and evaluated in terms of fiqh.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Religion, Society and Culture Studies |
Journal Section | DASED |
Authors | |
Publication Date | June 21, 2021 |
Submission Date | May 20, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 |