Evaluation of the Suitability of Draw Hook Used in Rail Systems for Topology Optimization

Year 2022, Issue: 15, 1 - 12, 31.01.2022

Cevat Özarpa , Hüseyin Botsalı , Bahadır Furkan Kınacı

https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1016373

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Rail system vehicles for freight and passenger transportation are formed by combining tractive and hauled stocks and using them in sets. When combining more than one vehicle, hook clutch, semi-automatic, and fully automatic coupling are used. Coupling emerges as equipment that needs to be specially examined in terms of being exposed to static and dynamic loads between vehicles and being the most critical equipment for the direct transfer of movement, especially between towed and towed vehicles. In recent years, developments in production methods like additive manufacturing have enabled the production of materials with geometric and structural differences that cannot be produced with traditional methods. Geometrically and structurally, the ease of production allows the most appropriate designs to be made in the material produced according to weight, volume, natural frequency, displacement, and reaction forces. The specified optimal geometric and structural designs can be realized by using structural optimization solutions such as topology optimization. In our study, topology optimization was carried out using the simp method, which was produced from the density-based method, on the drawbar hook, which is directly exposed to loads in the hook coupling. Before the optimization, static analysis of the equipment were made, topology optimization was carried out using sufficient iterations, and the resulting graphic model was converted into a solid model by reverse engineering. As a result of the application, it has been determined that 8.33% weight gain can be achieved in the new solid model, which continues to provide sufficient strength when exposed to a force of 100 kN. With the study, the suitability of the traction hook assembly for topology optimization will be evaluated.

Keywords

: Draw Hook, Finite Element Analysis, Topology Optimization, Density Based Method, Simp Method

Raylı Sistemlerde Kullanılan Cer Kancasının Topoloji Optimizasyonuna Uygunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Yük ve yolcu taşımacılığı için raylı sistem taşıtları, çeken ve çekilen araçların birleştirilerek setler halinde kullanılması ile oluşturulmaktadır. Birden fazla vagon ve lokomotifin birleştirilmesi koşum takımları ismi verilen, cer ve fren kuvvetlerini ileten ekipmanlar ile gerçekleştirilir. Sıklıkla birden fazla taşıt birleştirilirken kanca kavramalı, yarı otomatik ve tam otomatik koşum takımları kullanılmaktadır. Koşum takımları taşıtlar arası statik ve dinamik yüklere maruz kalması ve özellikle çeken ve çekilen araçlar arasında hareketin direkt aktarılması için en kritik ekipman olması açısından özel incelenmesi gereken ekipmanlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda eklemeli imalat benzeri üretim metotlarında gerçekleşen gelişmeler, geleneksel metotlarla üretilemeyecek geometrik ve yapısal farklılığa sahip malzemelerin üretilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Geometrik ve yapısal olarak üretim kolaylığı malzeme üretiminde ağırlık, hacim, doğal frekans, yer değiştirme ve reaksiyon kuvvetlerine göre en uygun tasarımların yapılmasına imkân tanımaktadır. Belirtilen en uygun geometrik ve yapısal tasarımlar topoloji optimizasyonu gibi yapısal optimizasyon çözümleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Çalışmamızda kanca kavramalı koşum takımında yüklere direkt maruz kalan cer kancası üzerinde yoğunluk tabanlı yöntemden üretilmiş olan simp yöntemi kullanılarak topoloji optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekipmanın optimizasyon öncesi statik analizleri yapılıp, yeterli iterasyon kullanılarak topoloji optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş ve ortaya çıkan grafik model tersine mühendislik yapılarak katı modele çevrilmiştir. Uygulama sonucu 100 kN kuvvete maruz kaldığında yeterli dayanımı sağlamaya devam eden yeni katı modelin %8,33 oranında ağırlık kazanımı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma ile cer kancası tertibatının topoloji optimizasyonu yapılmasına uygun olma durumu değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

: Cer Tertibatı, Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi, Topoloji Optimizasyonu, Yoğunluk Tabanlı Yöntem, Simp Yöntemi

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