Diagnosing Engine Oil Fuel Dilution by Viscosity Measurement in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines Used in Railways

Year 2023, Issue: 18, 26 - 35, 31.07.2023

Mustafa Ertunç Tat , Emine Doru

https://doi.org/10.47072/demiryolu.1268973

Abstract

Predictive maintenance methods allow failures that may occur in complex engineering systems to be controlled beforehand. Vibration, ultrasonic testing, thermal imaging, and oil analysis are predictive maintenance methods. These methods prevent possible malfunctions by obtaining and examining the data determined according to the system and equipment requirements through sensors before the malfunction occurs or reaches profound dimensions. In this study, heavy diesel engine oil (10W-40) was diluted by adding %1, %2, %5, and 10% by weight of biodiesel fuel. Viscosity and density performances of heavy diesel engine oil diluted with biofuel were evaluated using Anton Paar Automated Micro Viscometer and DMA 4500 Density Meter at temperatures 40, 60, 80, and 90 ℃. It was observed that the amount of fuel in engine oil could be detectable through the viscosity and density values. As the dilution increases, the viscosity decreases, but the density increases and the change in density is not affected by the temperature, but the temperature affects the change in the viscosity values. In particular, while the temperature-dependent effect of fuel dilution on viscosity was constant up to 5%, the temperature-dependent behavior changed as the dilution increased.

Keywords

Viscosity, Heavy-duty diesel engine, Engine oil, Predictive maintenance

Demiryollarında Kullanılan Ağır Hizmet Dizel Motorlarında Viskozite Ölçümüyle Motor Yağı Yakıt Seyreltmesinin Teşhisi

Abstract

Kestirimci bakım yöntemleriyle karmaşık mühendislik sistemlerinde ortaya çıkabilecek arızalar önceden kontrol altına alınabilir. Titreşim analizi, ultrasonik test, termal kamera ile görüntüleme ve yağ analizi gibi uygulamalar kestirimci bakım yöntemleridir. Bu yöntemlerle, arıza henüz meydana gelmeden veyahut ciddi boyutlara ulaşmadan, sensörler aracılığıyla sistem ve ekipman gerekliliklerine göre belirlenmiş verilerin elde edilip incelenmesiyle muhtemel arızaların önüne geçilebilir. Bu çalışmada bir ağır dizel motor yağının (10W-40) içerisine ağırlıkça %1, %2, %5 ve %10 oranlarında biyodizel yakıtı konularak seyreltilmiştir. Yakıtla seyreltilmiş ağır dizel motor yağının viskozite ve yoğunluk performansları Anton Paar Automated Micro Viscometer ve DMA 4500 Density Meter kullanılarak 40, 60, 80 ve 90 ℃, sıcaklıklarında ölçülmüştür. Yağın içerisindeki yakıt miktarı seyrelmesinin viskozite ve yoğunluk değerleri üzerinden gözlemlenebildiği, seyrelmenin artmasıyla viskozitenin düştüğü fakat yoğunluğun arttığı ve yoğunluk üzerindeki değişmenin sıcaklıktan etkilenmediği fakat viskozite değerlerindeki ayrışmanın sıcaklıktan etkilendiği görülmüştür. Özellikle yakıt seyrelmesinin viskozite üzerindeki sıcaklığa bağlı etkisi %5 oranına kadar sabitken, seyrelme oranı artıkça sıcaklığa bağlı davranış değişiklik göstermiştir.

Keywords

Viskozite, Ağır hizmet dizel motoru, Motor yağı, Kestirimci bakım

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