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Philip L. Quinn’s Interpretation and Defense of Theological Voluntarism

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 26 - 47, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33931/dergiabant.1061891

Abstract

The idea of God and morality, which is one of the important issues of philosophical theism, has been discussed in different ways in philosophy. The most relevant form of this discussion for theism in contemporary philosophy of religion is the theological voluntarism. Theological voluntarism is embodied in contemporary philosophy as highly complex theories. Instead of developing a new complex divine command theory, Philip L. Quinn adopts a basic explanation of the divine command theory and supports this explanation with his "disunified" meta-ethical theory. In line with this framework, Quinn adopts the direct relationship established between God and morality in classical divine command theory, but proposes to limit this relationship only to the deontological field. Axiology, which is the field of moral values, should be understood not with the will of God, but with His good nature. In this way, he aims that the theory continues to be defended within theism and that it can be positioned as a rival theory to secular moral philosophy.

References

  • Adams, Robert M. "Divine Command Metaethics Modified Again". The Journal of Religious Ethics (1979), 66-79.
  • Alston, William. “Some Suggestions for Divine Command Theorists”. Christian Theism and Problems of Philosophy. ed. M. Beaty. 303-326. Notre dame: University of Notre Dame Press 1990.
  • Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. trs. Roger Crisp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Attar, Meryem. İslam Ahlakı: İslam Düşüncesinde İlahi Emir Teorisi. çev. ed. Muammer İskenderoğlu. İstanbul: Litera Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Brody, Baruch. "Morality and Religion Reconsidered" . Readings in the Philosophy of Religion. ed. Baruch Brody. 491-503. Perentice Hall, 1974.
  • Burch, Robert. “Objective Values and the Divine Command Theory of Morality”. The New Scholasticism vol. 54 (1980), 279-304.
  • Chandler, John. “Divine Command Theories and Appeal to Love”. American Philosophical Quarterly 22 (1985), 231-239.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlak, Tanrı ve Yasa: Din-Ahlak İlişkisi Bağlamında İlahi Emir ve Doğal Yasa Teorileri. İz Yayıncılık: 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Euthyphron İkileminin İşaret Ettiği Bazı Ahlaki Açmazlar”. Felsefe Dünyası 2/74 (2021) 2 (74) , 94-117 .
  • Dale, Tuggy. “Necessity, Control, and the Divine Command Theory.” Sophia 44.1 (2005), 53-75.
  • Duran, Muhammet S. “Euthyphron-İkilemi: Ahlak ve İlahi İrade İlişkisi.” Temaşa Felsefe Dergisi 14 (2020), 83-98.
  • Erkan Balcı, Elif Nur. “Din ve Ahlak İlişkileri: ‘Niçin İyi Bir Varlık Olmalıyım?.’” Klasik ve Modern Metinlerle Din Felsefesi Dersleri. ed. Recep. Alpyağıl. 617-642. İstanbul: İz Yayınları, 2021.
  • Hare, John. “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi”. çev. Fehrullah Terkan. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53/2 (2012), 199-210.
  • Idziak, Janine M. Divine Command Morality: Historical and Contemporary Readings. New York: E. Mellen Press,1979.
  • Kitab-ı Mukaddes. Erişim 28.12.2021. https://kutsalkitap.info.tr
  • Leibniz, Gottfried. Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil. çev. E. M. Huggard. Chicago: Open Court Press 1985.
  • MacIntyre, Alasdair. Whose justice? Which Rationality? Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.
  • MacIntyre, Alasdair. "Which God Ought We to Obey and Why?". Faith and Philosophy 3/4 (1986), 359-371.
  • Morris, Thomas V. Anselmian Explorations. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1987.
  • Mouw, Richard. The God Who Commands. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990.
  • Plantinga, Alvin. “Teist Felsefecilere Tavsiye”. çev. Kemal Batak. Gelen-eksel ve Çağdaş Metinlerle Din Felsefesine Dair Okumalar I. der. Recep Alpyağıl. 90-114. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2011).
  • Platon. Euthyphron. çev. P. N. Boratav. İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları, 2000.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics”. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990), 345-365.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Primacy of God's Will in Christian Ethics”. Philosophical Perspectives 6 (1992), 493-513.
  • Quinn, Philip L. Divine Commands and Moral Requirements. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “Theological Voluntarism”. The Oxford Handbook of Ethical Theory. ed. David Copp. 63-90. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “An Argument for Divine Command Ethics”. Christian Theism and the Problems of Philosophy. ed. Thomas Morris. 289-302. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “Agamemnon and Abraham: The Tragic Dilemma of Kierkegaard's Knight of Faith”. Literature and Theology, 4/2 (1990),181-193.
  • Quinn, “Divine Command Ethics: A Causal Theory”. Essays in the Philosophy of Religion. ed. C. B. Miller. 37-52. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Stanley, Hauerwas (ed.). Revisions: Changing Perpectives in Moral Philosophy. Notre Dame: Notre Dame University Press, 1983.
  • Stump, Eleonore. Reasoned Faith: Essays in Philosophical Theology in Honor of Norman Kretzmann. Cornell University Press, 2003.
  • Wierenga, Edward. "A Defensible Divine Command Theory." Nous (1983), 387-407.
  • Wierenga, Edward. The Nature of God. London: Cornell University Press, 1989.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis Yayınları, 2019.

Philip L. Quinn’in Teolojik İradecilik Yorumu ve Savunusu

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 26 - 47, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.33931/dergiabant.1061891

Abstract

Felsefi teizmin önemli konularından biri olan Tanrı ve ahlak düşüncesi tarihte farklı teorik biçimlerde tartışılmıştır. Bu tartışmanın çağdaş din felsefesinde teizmi en fazla ilgilendiren biçimi teolojik iradecilik düşüncesidir. Teolojik iradecilik çağdaş felsefede oldukça kompleks teoriler olarak somutlaşır. Philip L. Quinn, yeni bir kompleks ilahi emir teorisi geliştirmekten çok ilahi emir teorisinin basit ve temel bir açıklamasını benimseyerek bu açıklamayı kendi “bölünmüş” meta-etik teorisiyle destekler. Quinn bu çerçeve doğrultusunda klasik ilahi emir düşüncesindeki Tanrı ve ahlak arasında kurulan doğrudan ilişkiyi benimser ancak bu ilişkiyi yalnızca deontolojik alanla sınırlamayı önerir. Ahlaki değer alanı olan aksiyoloji ise Tanrı’nın iradesiyle değil O’nun iyi doğası ile anlaşılmalıdır. Bu şekilde o, teorinin hem teizm içinde savunulmaya devam etmesini hem de seküler ahlak felsefesine rakip bir teori olarak konumlanabilmesini amaçlar.

References

  • Adams, Robert M. "Divine Command Metaethics Modified Again". The Journal of Religious Ethics (1979), 66-79.
  • Alston, William. “Some Suggestions for Divine Command Theorists”. Christian Theism and Problems of Philosophy. ed. M. Beaty. 303-326. Notre dame: University of Notre Dame Press 1990.
  • Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. trs. Roger Crisp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Attar, Meryem. İslam Ahlakı: İslam Düşüncesinde İlahi Emir Teorisi. çev. ed. Muammer İskenderoğlu. İstanbul: Litera Yayıncılık, 2019.
  • Brody, Baruch. "Morality and Religion Reconsidered" . Readings in the Philosophy of Religion. ed. Baruch Brody. 491-503. Perentice Hall, 1974.
  • Burch, Robert. “Objective Values and the Divine Command Theory of Morality”. The New Scholasticism vol. 54 (1980), 279-304.
  • Chandler, John. “Divine Command Theories and Appeal to Love”. American Philosophical Quarterly 22 (1985), 231-239.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. Ahlak, Tanrı ve Yasa: Din-Ahlak İlişkisi Bağlamında İlahi Emir ve Doğal Yasa Teorileri. İz Yayıncılık: 2019.
  • Çakmak, Mustafa. “Euthyphron İkileminin İşaret Ettiği Bazı Ahlaki Açmazlar”. Felsefe Dünyası 2/74 (2021) 2 (74) , 94-117 .
  • Dale, Tuggy. “Necessity, Control, and the Divine Command Theory.” Sophia 44.1 (2005), 53-75.
  • Duran, Muhammet S. “Euthyphron-İkilemi: Ahlak ve İlahi İrade İlişkisi.” Temaşa Felsefe Dergisi 14 (2020), 83-98.
  • Erkan Balcı, Elif Nur. “Din ve Ahlak İlişkileri: ‘Niçin İyi Bir Varlık Olmalıyım?.’” Klasik ve Modern Metinlerle Din Felsefesi Dersleri. ed. Recep. Alpyağıl. 617-642. İstanbul: İz Yayınları, 2021.
  • Hare, John. “İlahi Buyruk Teorisi”. çev. Fehrullah Terkan. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 53/2 (2012), 199-210.
  • Idziak, Janine M. Divine Command Morality: Historical and Contemporary Readings. New York: E. Mellen Press,1979.
  • Kitab-ı Mukaddes. Erişim 28.12.2021. https://kutsalkitap.info.tr
  • Leibniz, Gottfried. Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil. çev. E. M. Huggard. Chicago: Open Court Press 1985.
  • MacIntyre, Alasdair. Whose justice? Which Rationality? Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.
  • MacIntyre, Alasdair. "Which God Ought We to Obey and Why?". Faith and Philosophy 3/4 (1986), 359-371.
  • Morris, Thomas V. Anselmian Explorations. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1987.
  • Mouw, Richard. The God Who Commands. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990.
  • Plantinga, Alvin. “Teist Felsefecilere Tavsiye”. çev. Kemal Batak. Gelen-eksel ve Çağdaş Metinlerle Din Felsefesine Dair Okumalar I. der. Recep Alpyağıl. 90-114. İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 2011).
  • Platon. Euthyphron. çev. P. N. Boratav. İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları, 2000.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Recent Revival of Divine Command Ethics”. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50 (1990), 345-365.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “The Primacy of God's Will in Christian Ethics”. Philosophical Perspectives 6 (1992), 493-513.
  • Quinn, Philip L. Divine Commands and Moral Requirements. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “Theological Voluntarism”. The Oxford Handbook of Ethical Theory. ed. David Copp. 63-90. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “An Argument for Divine Command Ethics”. Christian Theism and the Problems of Philosophy. ed. Thomas Morris. 289-302. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1990.
  • Quinn, Philip L. “Agamemnon and Abraham: The Tragic Dilemma of Kierkegaard's Knight of Faith”. Literature and Theology, 4/2 (1990),181-193.
  • Quinn, “Divine Command Ethics: A Causal Theory”. Essays in the Philosophy of Religion. ed. C. B. Miller. 37-52. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Stanley, Hauerwas (ed.). Revisions: Changing Perpectives in Moral Philosophy. Notre Dame: Notre Dame University Press, 1983.
  • Stump, Eleonore. Reasoned Faith: Essays in Philosophical Theology in Honor of Norman Kretzmann. Cornell University Press, 2003.
  • Wierenga, Edward. "A Defensible Divine Command Theory." Nous (1983), 387-407.
  • Wierenga, Edward. The Nature of God. London: Cornell University Press, 1989.
  • Yıldırım, Ali. İlahi Buyruk Teorisi. Ankara: Elis Yayınları, 2019.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Elif Nur Erkan Balcı 0000-0002-8993-3522

Early Pub Date June 1, 2022
Publication Date May 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

ISNAD Erkan Balcı, Elif Nur. “Philip L. Quinn’in Teolojik İradecilik Yorumu Ve Savunusu”. Dergiabant 10/1 (May 2022), 26-47. https://doi.org/10.33931/dergiabant.1061891.