Determination of some physical and chemical changes in fruits of Hass avocado cultivar during harvesting time

Abstract

Cultivation of avocado has increasingly attracted the attention of producers in Turkey recently. Hass is one of the most important avocado cultivars produced in the world and Turkey. The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable fruit maturity standards for Hass cultivar by analyzing some physical and chemical parameters. The study was conducted at the two harvest periods from October to June in 2010-11 and 2012-13 years with 15-20 days intervals. Fruit weights changed from 106.73 g to 196.50 g in 2010-11 and from 98.45 g to 157.81 g in 2012-13 harvest periods. Dry weight of fruits increased from 19.60% to 36.45% and from 19.23% to 38.28% and oil content increased from 6.43% to 22.06% and from 6.47% to 24.86% depending on the harvest period in 2010-11 and 2012-13 respectively. There was a very high positive relationship between dry weight and oil content of fruit, but a significant negative correlation was found between fruit flesh and seed weight. As a result of this study; the optimal harvest period of Hass cultivar was determined to be from January to June in terms of fruit dry weight and oil content in Antalya conditions.

Keywords

• Avocado; Hass; Harvest period; Oil; Fruit weight

Hasat periyodu boyunca Hass avokado çeşidinin meyvelerinde bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerin belirlenmesi

Abstract

Avokado yetiştiriciliği, son yıllarda Türkiye’de üreticilerin giderek ilgisini çekmeye başlamıştır. Hass, Dünyada ve Türkiye’de üretilen en önemli avokado çeşitlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal parametreler analiz edilerek, Hass çeşidi için en uygun meyve olgunluk standartların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 2010-2011 ve 2012-2013 yıllarında Ekim ayından Haziran ayına kadar iki hasat periyodunda, 15-20 gün aralıklarla yürütülmüştür. Meyve ağırlığı, 2010-11 hasat periyodu boyunca 106.73 g’dan 196.50 g’a ve 2012-13 hasat periyodu boyunca ise 98.45 g’dan 157.81 g’a kadar değişim göstermiştir. Kuru ağırlık 2010-11 ve 2012-2013 hasat periyodunda sırasıyla %19.60’dan %36.45’e ve %19.23’den %38.28’e kadar artmış ve yağ içeriği ise sırasıyla %6.43’den %22.06’a ve %6.47’den %24.86’ya kadar yükselmiştir. Denemede, kuru ağırlık ve meyvenin yağ içeriği arasında pozitif çok yakın bir ilişki bulunmuş, fakat meyve eti ve çekirdek ağırlığı arasında önemli bir negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda; Antalya koşullarında meyve kuru ağırlık ve yağ içeriğine göre Hass çeşidinin en uygun hasat döneminin Ocak-Haziran arası olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Avokado; Hass; Hasat periyodu; Yağ; Meyve ağırlığı

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