Tuzlu sulama suyu ve prolin uygulamalarının patatesin (Solanum tuberosum L.) verim, vejatatif ve fizyolojik özellikleri üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.) yaygın olarak yetiştirilen önemli nişasta bitkilerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada tuzlu su ve prolin içeriğinin verime ve bazı patates özelliklerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, elektriksel iletkenliği 0.2 dSm^-1, 3.5 dSm^-1, 7 dSm^-1, 10 dSm^-1 ve 13 dSm^-1 olan sulama suları ile sulanan bitkiye 0 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM konsantrasyonlarında prolin uygulanmıştır. Elektriksel iletkenliği 0.2 dS m^-1 olan musluk suyuna NaCl ilave edilerek farklı seviyelerde tuzlu sulama suyu elde edilmiştir Tuzlu su uygulamalarında %20 civarında yıkama suyu eklenmiştir. Çalışma Ocak-Haziran 2010 tarihleri arasında Doğu Akdeniz (Hatay-Türkiye) koşullarında sera içinde yerleştirilen saksılarda yürütülmüştür. Kontrol konusuna kıyasla, sulama suyu ve bitki su tüketimi, toprak tuzluluğuna bağlı olarak, sırasıyla, %4.5-18.9 ve % 3.0-16.0 oranında azalmıştır. Toprak tuzluluğu toplam yumru veriminde, ortalama yumru ağırlığında, toplam kuru ağırlıkta, hasat indeksinde ve A Sınıfı olarak sınıflandırılan patates sayısında azalmaya neden olurken, toplam kuru madde içeriğinde artışa neden olmuştur. Yüksek tuz stresi konularında prolinin yumru verimi üzerindeki belirgin etkileri gözlenmemiştir. Artan prolin konsantrasyonunun etkisi vejatatif ve gaz değişim parametrelerinde daha çok belirgin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Patates,Tuzluluk,Prolin,Yumru verimi,Fotosentez hızı,Stoma iletkenliği

Effects of saline irrigation water and proline applications on yield, vegetative and physiological characteristics of potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important starch crops grown extensively. In this study, the effects of saline water and proline content on yield and some characteristics of potato were determined. Proline concentrations of 0 mM (control), 10 mM, and 20 mM were applied to potato crop irrigated with water with electrical conductivities of 0.2 dSm^-1 (control), 3.5 dSm^-1, 7 dSm^-1 10 dSm^-1 and 13 dSm^-1. Different levels of saline irrigation water were obtained by adding NaCl into the tap water with an EC of 0.2 dSm^-1. In the saline water treatments, a leaching fraction about 20% was applied.  The study was conducted between January-June 2010 in the pots located in a greenhouse under the Eastern Mediterranean (Hatay, Turkey) conditions. Compared to the control treatment, the amount of irrigation water and crop water use decreased by 4.5%-18.9% and 3.0%-16.0% depending on soil salinity, respectively. Soil salinity caused a decrease in total tuber yield, mean tuber weight, total dry weight, harvest index, and number of potatoes classified as Grade A, whereas it caused an increase in total dry matter content. No distinct effects of proline on tuber yield were observed in the treatments of higher salt stress. The effect of increasing proline concentration was mostly pronounced in the vegetative and gas exchange parameters.

Keywords

• Potato,Salinity,Proline,Tuber yield,Photosynthesis rate,Stomatal conductance

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