Determination of some physical and chemical changes of fruits of Edranol, Ettinger and Wurtz avocado varieties during harvest periods

Year 2018, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 96 - 110, 13.12.2018

Süleyman Bayram , Seyla Tepe

https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2018.339252

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Avocado
cultivation is becoming widespread every year in the Mediterranean region due
to its high market potential in Turkey. Market value of the avocado is
influenced by harvest maturity of fruit and the ripening process in
post-harvest. Due to climacteric property, determination of maturity criteria
in the different ecological conditions is essential. Therefore, fruit samples
of Edranol, Ettinger and Wurtz varieties, were taken at 15-20 days’ intervals
from october and analyzed during the harvesting and ripening period. In the
describing of the fruit maturity index of each variety, the dry weight and oil
content of the fruit flesh give the most reliable results. In cases where these
index values are inadequate, other postharvest analyzes (taste, fruit firmness
and fruit weight loss) can be used to determine maturity. In the study; early
harvest time was determined as from mid-october to early january for Edranol,
during october for Ettinger and mid-october to mid-january for Wurtz. The
optimum harvest was determined as from the beginning of january to the end of
april for Edranol, from early november to mid-january for Ettinger and from
mid-january to late april for Wurtz. The late harvest was determined for
Edranol throughout May, for Ettinger from mid-January to mid-february, and for
Wurtz from may to early june.

Keywords

Avocado, Cultivars, Harvest, Fruit, Maturity, Index

Edranol, Ettinger ve Wurtz avokado çeşitlerinin hasat dönemleri boyunca meyvelerinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerinin belirlenmesi

Abstract

Türkiye’de avokado yetiştiriciliği, yüksek
pazar potansiyeline sahip olduğu için Akdeniz bölgesinde giderek
yaygınlaşmaktadır. Avokadonun pazar değerini, meyvenin hasat olgunluğu ve hasat
sonrası olgunlaşma süreci etkilemektedir. Avokadonun klimakterik özellik
göstermesi nedeniyle, farklı ekolojik koşullarda olgunluk kriterlerin
belirlenmesinin ticari önemi ve gerekliliği bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle;
ülkemizde yetiştirilen Edranol, Ettinger ve Wurtz çeşitlerinde, ekim ayından
başlamak üzere 15-20 gün aralıklarla meyve örnekleri alınarak, hasat ve
olgunlaşma sürecinde analizleri yapılmıştır. Her bir çeşidin meyve olgunluk
indeksinin tanımlanmasında, meyve etinin kuru ağırlık ve yağ içeriği, hala en
güvenilir sonuçları vermektedir. Bu indeks değerlerinin yetersiz kaldığı
durumlarda ise, diğer hasat sonu analizleri (tat, meyve eti sertliği ve meyve
ağırlık kaybı) olgunluk tespitinde yardımcı olmuştur. Sonuç olarak; erken
hasat, Edranol için ekim ayının ortasından ocak ayının başına kadar, Ettinger
için ekim ayı boyunca, Wurtz için ekim ayı ortasından ocak ayının ortasına
kadar devam eden dönem olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum hasat, Edranol için ocak
başından nisan sonuna kadar, Ettinger için kasım başından ocak ortasına kadar
ve Wurtz için ocak ortasından nisan sonuna kadar süren dönem olarak
saptanmıştır. Geç hasat ise, Edranol için mayıs ayı boyunca, Ettinger için ocak
ortasından şubat ortasına kadar ve Wurtz için mayıs başından haziran başına
kadar devam eden dönem olarak kararlaştırılmıştır.

Keywords

Avokado, çeşit, hasat, meyve, olgunluk, index

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