TÜRK İŞARET DİLİNDE TÜRETİM OLGUSUNA BÜRÜNSEL BİR BAKIŞ

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 305 - 339, 22.10.2020

Bahtiyar Makaroğlu

Abstract

İşaret dillerinin Sami dillerindeki biçimbilimsel [kök+şablon] birleşimlere benzer olduğu görüşünü (bkz. Fernald ve Napoli, 2000; Brentari, 2002; Belsitzman ve Sandler, 2016) takip eden bu çalışma, işaret dillerindeki içsel ve bürünsel özelliklerin bir tür şablon karakteristiği taşıdığını ve kökün ikili birlikteliğinden – el şekli ve konum – dolayı “iki-özellikli” olarak tanımlanması gerektiğini öne sürmektedir. Ayrıca bu makalede, derlem tabanlı Güncel Türk İşaret Dili Sözlüğündeki en sık görülen 2.000 sözcük, anlambilimsel ve sesbilimsel benzerlikler açısından incelenmiş ve çekirdek anlama sahip 96 farklı üretici özellikteki kök bulunmuştur. İşaret dili sözlükçelerindeki sesbilimsel bileşenleri etkileyen anlambilimsel etmenler çoğunlukla göz ardı edilmesine karşın bürünsel yaklaşım, hem köklerin türetimsellik güçlerinin hem de şablon yapısının sistematiğinin belirlenmesine yönelik birçok örnek sunmaktadır.

Keywords

bürünsel biçimbilim, türetim, işaret dilleri, sesbilimsel şablonlar, kaynaştırma

A prosodical approach to derivation phenomenon in Turkish Sign Language

Abstract

Following the view that signed langugaes are similar to Semitic languages in exhibiting morphological [root + template] combinations (e.g., Fernald ve Napoli, 2000; Brentari, 2002; Belsitzman and Sandler, 2016), this study claims that inherent features and prosodic features in sign languages carry a kind of templatic character and the root can be seen as ‘bi-featural’ due to its having dual associations – i.e, handshape and location. Moreover, the present article analyzed the most common 2,000 words in the corpus based Contemporary Turkish Sign Language Dictionary (Makaroğlu and Dikyuva 2017) in terms of the semantic and phonological similarities of lexical items and found 96 different productive roots having core meaning. Although semantic factors that underlie phonological elements in sign languages lexicons have often been ignored, the prosodical approach provides numerous examples to determine the derivational power of the roots as well as the systematicity of the templatic system.

Keywords

prosodic morphology, derivation, sign languages, phonological templates, blending

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