IMPACT OF THIRD PARTY FUNDING TO THE DECISION OF ARBITRATORS RELATING TO SECURITY FOR COSTS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION

Öz

Use of third party funding by the parties is getting more common in

international arbitration practice. Third party funding raises certain procedural problems such as impartiality and independence of arbitrators, confidentiality

or decision on costs. One of those procedural problems relates to security for

costs. In other words, should the arbitrators take into account the fact that one

of the parties benefit from third party funding in deciding the other party’s

request of security for costs? This study focuses on this question in the light of

doctrine and case law.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• International arbitration law,third party funding,security for costs,right of access to justice,arbitration costs

ULUSLARARASI TAHKİMDE ÜÇÜNCÜ KİŞİ FİNANSMANININ MASRAFLAR İÇİN TEMİNAT GÖSTERİLMESİ KARARININ VERİLMESİNE ETKİLERİ

Öz

Uluslararası tahkimde üçüncü kişi finansmanı ile uygulamada giderek

daha sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Tahkimde üçüncü kişi finansmanı, başta, hakemlerin

tarafsızlığı ve bağımsızlığı olmak üzere, gizlilik, masrafların paylaşımı gibi

birçok usuli meseleye neden olur. Bu usuli meselelerden birisi de masraflar için

teminat kararı verilmesidir. Bir başka deyişle, taraflardan birinin üçüncü kişi

finansmanından yararlanmasının, diğer tarafın masraflar için teminat gösterilmesi

yönündeki talebinin hakemlerce değerlendirmesine bir etkisinin olup olmayacağıdır.

Bu çalışmada, bu mesele, doktrindeki görüşler ve hakem kararları

çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası tahkim hukuku,üçüncü kişi finansmanı,masraflar için teminat,adalete erişim hakkı,tahkim masrafları

Kaynakça

1. Bench Nieuwveld, Lisa/Shannon, Victoria: Third Party Funding in International Arbitration, 2. Baskı, Kluwer Law International 2017.
2. Berger, Bernhard: Arbitration Practice: Security for Costs: Trends and Developments in Swiss Arbitration Case Law, ASA Bulletin, C. 28, S. 1, 2010.
3. Bertrand, Edouard: The Brave New World of Arbitration: Third Party Funding, ASA Bulletin, C. 29, S. 3, 2011.
4. Born, Gary B.: International Commercial Arbitration, 2. Baskı, Kluwer Law International 2014.
5. Bozkurt Yüksel, Armağan Ebru: UNCITRAL ve UNCITRAL Model Kanunu’na Genel Bir Bakış, Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, C.2, Y. 2, S. 4, 2011.
6. Brekoulakis, Stavros L./von Goeler, Jonas: The Arbitration Agreement and Arbitrability, It’s All About the Money: The Impact of Third Party Funding on Costs Awards and Security for Costs in International Arbitration, Austrian Yearbook on International Arbitration, Ed. Christian Klausegger/Peter Klein, Manz’sche Verlags und Universitatsbuchhandlung 2017.
7. Cremades, Anne-Carole/Mazuranic, Alexandre: Costs in Arbitration, International Arbitration in Switzerland: A Handbook for Practitioners, Ed. Elliot Geisinger/Nathalie Voser, 2. Baskı, Kluwer Law International 2013.
8. Darwazeh, Nadia/Leleu, Adrien: Disclosure and Security for Costs or How to Address Imbalances Created by Third Party Funding, Journal of International Arbitration, C. 33, S. 2, 2016.

9. Dos Santos, Caroline: Third-Party Funding in International Commercial Arbitration: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing?, ASA Bulletin, C. 35, S. 4, 2017.
10. Goldsmith, Aren/Melchionda, Lorenzo: Third Party Funding in International Arbitration: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know (But Were Afraid to Ask), International Business Law Journal, 2012.
11. Harwood, Miriam K./Batifort, Simon N./Trahanas, Christina: Third Party Funding: Security for Costs and Other Key Issues, The Investment Treaty Arbitration Review, Ed. Barton Legum, Law Business Research Ltd. 2016.
12. Hodgson, Matthew/Evans, Elizabeth: Allocation of Costs in ICSID Arbitrations, ICSID Convention After 50 Years: Unsettled Issues, Ed. Crina Baltag, Kluwer Law International 2016.
13. Jaramillo, Eduardo Zuleta: Security for Costs: Authority of the Tribunal and Third-Party Funding, Building International Investment Law: The First 50 Years of ICSID, Ed. Meg Kinnear/Geraldine R. Fischer, Kluwer Law International 2015.
14. Joubin-Bret, Anna: Spotlight on Third-Party Funding in Investor-State Arbitration, The Journal of World Investment & Trade, C. 16, 2015.
15. Kalicki, Jean E.: Security for Costs in International Arbitration, Transnational Dispute Management, S. 5, 2006.
16. Kirtley, William/Wietrzykowski, Koralie: Should an Arbitral Tribunal Order Security for Costs When an Impecunious Claimant is Relying upon Third-Party Funding?, Journal of International Arbitration, C. 30, S. 1, 2013.
17. Kühner, Detlev: The Impact of Party Impecuniosity on Arbitration Agreements: The Example of France and Germany, Journal of International Arbitration, C. 31, S. 6, 2014.
18. Meya, Angelynn: Third Party Funding in International Investment Arbitration The Elephant in the Room, Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration (ICC Dossier) Dossiers of the ICC Institute of World Business Law, C. 10, Ed. Bernardo M. Cremades Sanz- Pastor/Antonias Dimolitsa, International Chamber of Commerce 2013.
19. Rubins, Noah: In God We Trust, All Others Pay Cash: Security for Costs in International Commercial Arbitration, The American Review of International Arbitration, C. 11, 2000.
20. Sandrock, O.: The Cautio Judicatum Solvi in Arbitration Proceedings or the Duty of an Alien Claimant to Provide Security for the Costs of the Defendant, Journal of International Arbitration, C. 4, 1997.
21. Scherer, Maxi: Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration Towards Mandatory Disclosure of Funding Agreements, Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration (ICC Dossier) Dossiers of the ICC Institute of World Business Law, C. 10, Ed. Bernardo M. Cremades Sanz- Pastor/Antonias Dimolitsa, International Chamber of Commerce 2013.
22. Shahdadpuri, Khushboo Hashu: Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration: Regulating the Treacherous Trajectory, Asian International Arbitration Journal, C. 12, S. 2, 2016.
23. Stone, William: Third Party Funding in International Arbitration: A Case for Mandatory Disclosure?, Asian Dispute Review, C. 2015, S. 2, 2015.
24. Stoyanov, Marie/Owczarek, Olga: Third-Party Funding in International Arbitration: Is It Time for Some Soft Rules?, BCDR International Arbitration Review, C. 2, S. 1, 2015.
25. Trusz, Jennifer A.: Full Disclosure? Conflicts of Interest Arising From Third Party Funding in International Commercial Arbitration, Georgetown Law Journal, C. 101, 2013.
26. Von Goeler, Jonas: Third Party Funding in International Arbitration and Its Impact on Procedure, Kluwer Law International 2016.
27. Waincymer, Jeffrey: Procedure and Evidence in International Arbitration, Kluwer Law International 2012.