A GENERAL OUTLOOK ON THE ISSUE OF TRADE RESTRICTIONS IN ROMAN LAW

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 305 - 332, 21.06.2019

İpek Sevda Söğüt

https://doi.org/10.33717/deuhfd.567626

Abstract

The legal sources of Roman law, mainly face trade restrictions in the

context of the relationship between patron and freedman (libertus). It is no

coincidence that, the issue arose in that particular context. Before slaves were

set free, they would often acquire special knowledge and skills from working in

the masters’ businesses. If a slave was set free to administer, the estate of his

former master as procurator (a representative in terms of a general power of

attorney), his livelihood was secured. In other cases, he had to establish his own

occupation to survive after his manumission. His obvious choice would have

been the occupation he had learned under his former master and present patron.

For example, the freedman of a medical doctor could become a doctor himself

and the freedman of a slave-dealer did not begin agitate for the abolition of

slavery, but became a slave-dealer himself.

Keywords

Restraints of trade, patronus, libertus, servus, liberae operae

ROMA HUKUKUNDA TİCARET SINIRLANDIRMALARI KONUSUNA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Abstract

Roma hukuku kaynakları, ticaretin sınırlandırılması meselesi ile, esas ola-

rak efendi ve azatlı (libertus) arasındaki ilişki bağlamında, ilgilenmektedirler. Bu bağlamda sorunun ortaya çıkması tesadüf değildir. Köleler serbest bırakıl-

madan önce, genellikle, efendilerinin işlerinde çalışarak özel bilgi ve beceri

kazanırlardı. Eğer bir köle, idare edilmek üzere serbest bırakılırsa, eski ustası-

nın mülk sahibi (genel bir vekalet açısından bir temsilci) olarak mülkü, geçim

sağlandı. Diğer durumlarda, görevinden sonra hayatta kalmak için kendi melse-

ğini kurması gerekiyordu. Onun bariz tercihi, eski ustası ve mevcut patronu

tarafından öğrenmiş olduğu meslek olurdu. Örneğin, tıp doktorunun serbest

bırakıcısı bir doktor olabilir ve bir köle bayisinin serbest bırakanı köleliğin kal-

dırılması için harekete geçmemiştir, ancak bir köle satıcısı haline gelmiştir.

Keywords

Ticaret sınırlandırmaları, patronus, libertus, servus, liberae operae

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