Gebelerin Gestasyonel Diabetes Mellitus Bilgisi ve Bilgiyi Etkileyen Faktörler: Kesitsel Çalışma

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4, 395 - 403, 15.10.2021

Nuran Nur Aypar Akbağ , Merlinda Aluş Tokat

https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.822421

Cited By: 1

Öz

Giriş: Gestasyonel Diyabetes son zamanlarda artmaktadır. Anne ve bebek için son derece olumsuz sonuçlara neden olabilen bu durum bilgi eksikliği giderilerek kontrol altına alınabilir. Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus (GDM)’lu gebelerin bilgi düzeylerinin incelenmesi ve bilgi düzeylerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu araştırma, tanımlayıcı kesitsel bir çalışma olarak yapılmıştır. Örneklem 184 gebe kadından oluşmuştur. Araştırma verileri çoklu regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebe kadınların GDM bilgi düzeyi puan ortalaması 40.10 ± 19.56 (min = 0, maks = 88) puandır. Aylık ortalama gelir (β = .185, t = 2.779, p = .006), tedavi yöntemi (β = .318, t = 3.422, p = .001), eğitim alma durumu (β = .267, t = 4530, p = .000), gebelerin GDM bilgisini hangi düzeyde değerlendirdiği (β = -.348, t = 6.008, p = .000) ve eğitimi veren kişinin (β = .180, t = 3.375, p = .001) Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus bilgisinin tahmin edicileri olduğu saptanmıştır (R2 = .66, F = 25.690, p = .000). Sonuç: Yüksek gelir sahibi olma, diyet yanında insülin tedavisi alma, GDM konusunda eğitim alma, GDM hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğunu düşünme ve multidisipliner yaklaşım GDM bilgisini etkileyen faktörler olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gestasyonel Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Bilgi düzeyleri, Gebelik, Hemşirelik

Destekleyen Kurum

bulunmamaktadır

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge of Pregnant Women and The Factors Affecting Knowledge: A Cross Sectional Study

Öz

Background: Gestational diabetes has been increasing recently. This condition, which can cause extremely negative results for the mother and baby, can be taken under control by removing the lack of information. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the knowledge levels of pregnant women concerning Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), and to determine the factors that affect the knowledge levels.
Methods: This research was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was comprised of 184 pregnant women. The research data were evaluated by the multiple regression analysis.
Results: Multiple regression analysis resulted in three models that accounted for 30%, 14%, and 58% of the variance. In particular, socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric characteristics, and receiving a previous GDM education variables were found to be statistically significant predictors.
Conclusions: The effect of all variables together was examined as the fourth model and it was determined that these variables explained 66% of the factors affecting the GDM knowledge level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Knowledge levels, Pregnancy, Nursing

Kaynakça

• 1. International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Diabetes Atlas. Ninth Edition. (2019). ISBN: 978-2-930229-87-4. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/en/ 03 October 2021.
• 2. Karacam Z, Celik D. The prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Turkey: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2021;34(8):1331-1341.
• 3. Joshi C, Torvaldsen S, Hodgson R, Hayen A. Factors associated with the use and quality of antenatal care in Nepal: a population-based study using the demographic and health survey data. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014;14(94):1-11.
• 4. Shrestha S, Thapa P, Saleh S, Thapa N, Stray BP, Khanom K. Knowledge of diabetes mellitus among pregnant women in three districts of Nepal. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2013;11:259-263.
• 5. Titaley CR, Dibley MJ, Roberts CL. Factors associated with underutilization of antenatal care services in Indonesia: results of Indonesia demographic and health survey 2002/2003 and 2007. BMC Public Health 2010;10(485):1-10.
• 6. Yeoh PL, HornetzK, Dahlui M. Antenatal care utilization and content between low-risk and high-risk pregnant women. PLoS ONE 2016;11(3):e0152167.
• 7. Hussain Z, Yusoff ZM, Sulaiman AS. Evaluation of knowledge regarding gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with glycemic level: a Malaysian study. Prim Care Diabetes 2015;9(3):184-190.
• 8. Bhalge UU, Bhise MD, Takalkar AA, Gaikwad BS. Knowledge of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women in rural area of Maharashtra. Int J Community Med 2019;6(10):4443-4446.
• 9. Elamurugan S, Arounassalame B. What do mothers know about gestational diabetes: knowledge and awareness. Indian J Obstet Gynecol Res 2016;3(4),393-396.
• 10. Alharthi AS, Althobaiti KA, Alswat KA. (2018). Gestational diabetes mellitus knowledge assessment among Saudi women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018;6(8):1522-1526.
• 11. Thomas S, Pienyu R, Rajan SK. Awareness and Knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women. Psychology, Community & Health 2020;8(1):237-248.
• 12. Ali HI, Jarrar AH, El Sadig M, Yeatts KB. (2013). Diet and carbohydrate food knowledge of multi-ethnic women: a comparative analysis of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2013;8(9):e73486.
• 13. American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2016;39(1):94-98.
• 14. Hod M, Kapur A, Sacks AD, Hadar E, Agarwal M, Di Renzo GC, et al. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on gestational diabetes mellitus: a pragmatic guide for diagnosis, management, and care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2015;131:173–211.
• 15. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconception to the postnatal period, NICE Guideline 2015;3:1–651.
• 16. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period, Committee Opinion. (2015) Number 650. https://www.acog.org/-/media/project/acog/acogorg/clinical/files/committee-opinion/articles/2015/12/physical-activity-and-exercise-during-pregnancy-and-the-postpartum-period.pdf 03 October 2021.
• 17. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği (Endocrinology and Metabolism Association of Turkey [TEMD]). (2020). Diabetes mellitus ve komplikasyonlarının tanı, tedavi ve izlem kılavuzu (Diagnosis and treatment of temd diabetes mellitus and complications) (14th ed.). Ankara: Bayt Printing Press. ISBN: 978-605-4011-40-7.
• 18. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2007;85(11):867-872.
• 19. Carolan-Olah M, Duarte-Gardea M, Lechuga J, Salinas-Lopez S. The experience of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Hispanic women in a U.S. border region. Sex Reprod Healthc 2017;12:16–23.
• 20. Gonenc IM, Duyan V, Ilhan Erkal S, Purutcuoglu E, Kaan Guven H. Investigation of the effect of education in pregnancy on the focus of fetal health control. The Journal of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Neonatology 2016;13:12–17.
• 21. Jones EJ, Appel SJ, Eaves YD, Moneyham L, Oster RA, Ovalle F. Cardio metabolic risk, knowledge, risk perception, and self-efficacy among American Indian women with previous gestational diabetes. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2012;41:246-257.
• 22. Sen E, Sirin A. The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus training upon metabolic control, maternal and neonatal outcomes. International Journal of Caring Sciences 2014;7:313-323.
• 23. Shriraam V, Rani MA, Sathiyasekaran BWC, Mahadevan S. Awareness of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women in a primary health center in South India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2013;17(1):146-148.
• 24. Al-Maskari F, El-Sadig M, Al-Kaabi JM, Afandi B, Nagelkerke N, Yeatts KB. Knowledge, attitude and practices of diabetic patients in the United Arab Emirates. Plos One 2013;8(1): e52857.