Erişkin Bireylerde Ortostatik Hipotansiyon ile Beden Kütle İndeksi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 128 - 136, 15.04.2022

Yakup Karahan Burcu Ceylan

https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.889762

Abstract

Giriş: Ortostatik hipotansiyon, klinik ortamda olası semptomlardan şikâyet edilmedikçe genel olarak kontrol edilmeyen ve hayatı tehdit eden ciddi bir sorundur. Amaç: Erişkin bireylerde Ortostatik Hipotansiyonun Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) ile ilişkisini incelemek ve Ortostatik Hipotansiyonun nabız, solunum ve oksijen satürasyonu ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve analitik tipte olan bu araştırma, Şubat-Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında bir hastanenin karma cerrahi kliniğine estetik ve obezite cerrahisi nedeniyle yatışı yapılan 170 erişkin birey ile yürütülmüştür. Bireyler 10 dakika supine pozisyonda yatırılmış, yataktan kalkmadan ve kalktıktan bir dakika sonra kan basıncı, nabız, solunum ve oksijen satürasyonu değerleri ölçülerek kayıt edilmiştir. Sistolik Kan Basıncı (SKB)’nda 20 mmHg ve/veya daha fazla düşüş Ortostatik Sistolik Hipotansiyon (OSH); Diyastolik Kan Basıncı (DKB)’nda 10 mmHg ve/veya daha fazla düşüş Ortostatik Diyastolik Hipotansiyon (ODH); hem SKB’de 20 mmHg ve/veya üzeri hem de DKB’de 10 mmHg ve üzeri düşüş Ortostatik Hipotansiyon (OH) olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Birey ayağa kaldırıldıktan sonra ortostatik hipotansiyon belirtileri açısından da sorgulanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 34.41±10.50, %87.6’sı kadındır. Bireylerin %12.9’unda OSH, %25.9’ unda ODH ve %4.1’inde OH saptanmıştır. Ortostatik Hipotansiyon saptanan bireylerin BKİ ortalaması saptanmayanlara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Nabız, solunum ve oksijen satürasyonu değerlerinde postural değişiklikle birlikte istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişim görülmemiştir. OSH saptanan bireylerde en sık ifade edilen belirtiler göz kararması, baş dönmesi, çarpıntı ve bulanık görme iken ODH ve OH saptanan bireylerde yorgunluk, çarpıntı, bulanık görme ve göz kararmasıdır. Sonuç: Beden Kütle İndeksi ortalamasının yüksek olması OSH, ODH ve OH riskini artırdığı, bu riskin OH saptanan bireylerde anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Hipotansiyon, Ortostatik Hipotansiyon, Beden Kütle İndeksi/BKİ

Investigation of the Relationship Between Orthostatic Hypotension and Body Mass Index in Adult Individuals

Abstract

Background: Orthostatic hypotension is a serious, life-threatening problem in the clinical environment that is generally not controlled unless possible symptoms are complained.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between Orthostatic Hypotension and Body Mass Index (BMI) in adult individuals hospitalized in mixed surgery clinic and to evaluate the relationship of Orthostatic Hypotension with pulse, respiration and oxygen saturation.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted from February to April in 2019 in the mixed surgery clinic within a hospital. Individuals were placed in a supine position for 10 minutes, and their blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and oxygen saturation were measured and recorded before getting out of bed and one minute after getting out. The individuals were also questioned in terms of orthostatic hypotension symptoms after standing up.
Results: The mean age of the individuals participating in the study is 34.41±10.50, 87.6% of them are women. Orthostatic Systolic Hypotension (OSH) was detected in 12.9% of the individuals, Orthostatic Diastolic Hypotension (ODH) in 25.9% and Orthostatic Hypotension (OH) in 4.1%. The average BMI of individuals with orthostatic hypotension was found to be significantly higher than those without. There was no statistically significant change in pulse, respiration and oxygen saturation values with postural change. The most common symptoms in individuals with OSH are blackout, dizziness, whereas those in individuals with ODH and OH are fatigue, palpitations.
Conclusion: It was observed that a high mean Body Mass Index increased the risk of OSH, ODH and OH, and this risk was significant in individuals with OH.

Keywords

Hypotension, Orthostatic Hypotension, Body Mass Index / BMI

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