Research Article
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Anne Dostu Hastane Modeli ve Annelerin Doğum Memnuniyetleri

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 279 - 288, 15.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.892932

Abstract

Giriş: Annelerin doğum memnuniyeti anne ve yenidoğan sağlığı açısından önemlidir. Amaç: Bu çalışmada, anne dostu olan ve olmayan
hastanelerde doğuma ilişkin uygulamalar ve annelerin doğum memnuniyetlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Çalışma Nisan 2019 -
Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'daki iki hastanenin doğum sonu kliniklerinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmanın örneklemini 265 anne
oluşturdu. Çalışmanın verileri “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Doğum Memnuniyet Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplandı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p
< .05 olarak alındı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan annelerin %58.5’i 25-34 yaş aralığında, %36.5’i lise mezunu, %82.3’ünün çalışmadığı
belirlendi. Annelerin %21.5’inin ilk gebeliği, %32.1’inin ilk doğumuydu. Çalışmada anne dostu hastanede doğum yapanlarda, anne dostu
olmayan hastanede doğum yapanlara göre doğumda hareket kısıtlaması ve besin alımı kısıtlaması oranları daha düşükken; indüksiyon,
amniyotomi fundus kompresyonu, epizyotomi ve fiziksel ihtiyaçların karşılanması oranları daha yüksekti ve gruplar arasında anlamlı fark
saptandı (p < .05). Doğum memnuniyet ölçeği puan ortalamaları açısından gruplar arasında fark saptanmadı (p > .05). Sonuç: Hastanenin anne
dostu olup olmaması doğum memnuniyetini etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın devlete bağlı hastanelerde ve büyük örneklemle yapılması
önerilir.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Çalışmaya katılan annelere teşekkür ederim.

References

  • 1. The Coalition for Improving Maternity Services. The mother‐ friendly childbirth initiative. The first consensus ınitiative of the coalition for improving maternity services. J Nurse Midwifery 1997;59-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-182(96)00133-4. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 2. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Confederation of Midwives, White Ribbon Alliance, International Pediatric Association, World Health Organization. Mother−baby friendly birthing facilities. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2015;128(2):95-99. https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.10.013. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 3. Erbaydar N. Mother-friendly hospital programme of Turkey: national intervention to improve the quality of maternity services. East Mediterr Health J 2021;27(2):202-210.
  • 4. World Health Organization. The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/134588/who_rhr_14.23_eng.%20pdf;jsessionid=439B520E8CC642C4B7 DDF00A50230929?sequence=1. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 5. Davis-Floyd R, Pascali-Bonaro D, Leslie MS, Ponce de Leon RG. The international mother baby child birth initiative: working to create optimal maternity care worldwide. Int J Childbirth 2011;1(3):196-212.
  • 6. White Ribbon Alliance for Safe Motherhood. Respectful maternity care: the universal rights of childbearing women. Washington DC: White Ribbon Alliance; 2011. https://www.whiteribbonalliance.org/wp- content/uploads/2017/11/Final_RMC_Charter.pdf 23 Eylül 2019.
  • 7. İldan Çalım S, Amanak K, Öztürk R, Güleç D, Karaöz B, Kavlak O ve ark. Anne dostu hastane kriterleri doğrultusunda anne sağlığı hizmetlerinin gözden geçirilmesi. EGEHFD 2015;31(1):120-130.
  • 8. Kamu Hastaneleri Genel Müdürlüğü Sağlık Hizmetleri Dairesi Başkanlığı. Anne dostu hastane listesi. 2020 https://khgmsaglikhizmetleridb.saglik.gov.tr/TR-42835/anne-dostu-hastane-listesi.html. 23 Eylül 2020.
  • 9. Rijnders M, Baston H, Schönbeck Y, van der Pal K, Prins M, Green J et al. Perinatal factors related to negative or positive recall of birth experience in women 3 years postpartum in the Netherlands. BIRTH 2008;35;2:107-16.
  • 10. Serçekuş P, Başkale H. Effects of antenatal education on fear of childbirth, maternal self-efficacy and parental attachment. Midwifery 2016;34:166-172.
  • 11. Başgöl Ş, Oskay Ü. Ana çocuk sağlığı hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesinde anne dostu hastane modeli. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2014;17(2):125-129.
  • 12. Karabel MP, Demirbaş M, İnci MB. Türkiye’de ve dünyada değişen sezaryen sıklığı ve olası nedenleri. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi 2017;7(4):158-163.
  • 13. Oikawa M, Sonko A, Faye EO, Ndiaye P, Diadhiou M, Kondo M. Assessment of maternal satisfaction with facility-based childbirth care in the rural region of tambacouda, senegal. African Journal of Reproductive Health 2014; 18(4):95-104.
  • 14. Çıtak Bilgin N, Ak B, Coşkuner Potur D, Ayhan F. Doğum yapan kadınların doğumdan memnuniyeti ve etkileyen faktörler. HSP 2018;5(3):342-352.
  • 15. DeLuca RS, Lobel M. Diminished control and unmet expectations: Testing a model of adjustment to unplanned cesarean delivery. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2014;14:183-204.
  • 16. Çoşar Çetin F, Sezer A, Doğan Merih Y. Doğum memnuniyet ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. North Clin Istanb 2015;2(2):142-150.
  • 17. Kurt Can E, Ejder Apay S. Doğum şekli: doğum sonu konfor ve doğumdan memnuniyet düzeylerini etkiler mi? İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2020 8(3):547-565.
  • 18. Karaman ÖE, Yıldız H. Doğum eylemi travay sürecinde hareket serbestliği: nasıl? ne sağlar? kadın doğum hemşiresinin rolü nedir? Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci 2018;10(1):78-87.
  • 19. Serçekuş Ak P, Vardar O, Özkan S. Anne dostu hastanelerin yaygınlaşması Türkiye için neden önemlidir? Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2018;1(1):25-29.
  • 20. Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;8:CD003930. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003930.pub3. 23 Eylül 2019.
  • 21. Akyıldız D, Çoban A, Gör Uslu F, Taşpınar A. Effects of obstetric interventions during labor on birth process and newborn health. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 2021;29(1):9-21.
  • 22. Dasikan Z, Elmas S, Elmas C, Kiratli D, Erdogan M. Routine ınterventions during normal birth: women’s birth experiences and expectation. Int J Caring Sci 2020;13(3):1768-1877.
  • 23. Declercq ER, Sakala C, Corry MP, Applebaum S, Herrlich A. Major survey findings of listening to motherssm III: new mothers speak out. J Perinat Educ 2014;23(1):17-24.
  • 24. Dahlen HG, Tracy S, Tracy M, Bisits A, Brown C, Thornton C. Rates of obstetric intervention among low-risk women giving birth in private and public hospitals in NSW: A population-based descriptive study. BMJ Open 2012;2(5):e001723.
  • 25. Li YP, Yeh CH, Lin SY, Chen TC, Yang YL, Lee CN et al. A proposed mother-friendly childbirth model for Taiwanese women, the implementation and satisfaction survey. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015;54(6):731-736.
  • 26. Bohren MA, Hofmeyr G, Sakala C, Fukuzawa RK, Cuthbert A. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;(7):CD003766. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6483123/pdf/CD003766.pdf. 8 Temmuz 2021.
  • 27. World Health Organization. Recommendations intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260178/9789241550215-eng.pdf. 12 Nisan 2019.
  • 28. Ahi S, Borlu A, Balcı E, Günay O. Bebek dostu bir hastanede doğum yapan annelerin doğumdan sonra ilk bir saatte emzirmeye başlama durumları ve ilişkili faktörler. Ahi Evran Med J. 2019;3(2):41-47.
  • 29. Steel A, Frawley J, Adams J, Diezel H. Trained or professional doulas in the support and care of pregnant and birthing women: A critical integrative review. Health Soc Care Community 2015;23(3):225-41.
  • 30. Wang M, Song Q, Xu J, Hu Z, Gong Y, Lee AC, Chen Q. Continuous support during labour in childbirth: a Cross-Sectional study in a university teaching hospital in Shanghai, China. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018;18(480):2-7.
  • 31. Bolbol-Haghighi N, Masoumi SZ, Kazemi F. Effect of massage therapy on duration of labour: a randomized controlled trial JCDR 2016;10(9):14-17.
  • 32. Subaşı B, Özcan H, Pekçetin S, Göker B, Tunç S, Budak B. Doğum eğitiminin doğum kaygısı ve korkusu üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Tıp Derg 2013;29:(4):165-167.
  • 33. Dönmez S, Yeniel Ö, Kavlak O. Vajinal doğum ve sezaryen doğum yapan gebelerin durumluk kaygı düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2014;3(3):908-920.
  • 34. Yeşilçiçek Çalik K, Karabulutlu Ö, Yavuz C. First do no harm- interventions during labor and maternal satisfaction: a descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018;18(415):2-10.
  • 35. Leal MDC, Pereira APE, Domingues RMSM, Filha M MT, Dias MAB, Nakamura-Pereira M, Gama SGND. Obstetric interventions during labor and childbirth in Brazilian low-risk women. Cadernos de Saude Publica 2014;30(1):1-16.
  • 36. Chalmers BE, Dzakpasu S. Interventions in labour and birth and satisfaction with care: the Canadian maternity experiences survey findings. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2015;33(4):374-387.
  • 37. Hamm RF, Downes KL, Srinivas SK, Levine LD. Using the probability of cesarean from a validated cesarean prediction calculator to predict labor length and morbidity. Am J Perinatol 2019;36(6):561-566.
  • 38. Weeks F, Pantoja L, Ortiz J, Foster J, Cavada G, Binfa L. Labor and birth care satisfaction associated with medical interventions and accompaniment during labor among chilean women. J Midwifery Womens Health 2017;62(2):196-203.
  • 39. Hodnett ED, Gates S, Hofmeyr GJ, Sakala C. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;(7):2-118.
  • 40. Srivastava A, Avan BI, Rajbangshi P, Bhattacharyya S. Determinants of women’s satisfaction with maternal health care: a review of literature from developing countries. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2015;15(97):2-12.
  • 41. Imtithal Adnan F, Noor NM, Mat Junoh NA. Associated factors of labor satisfaction and predictor of postnatal satisfaction in the northeast of Peninsular Malaysia. PLoS One 2020;15(8):e0238310.
  • 42. Kılıç T, Topuz R. Hastalarla iletişimin, hasta memnuniyetine etkisi: özel, devlet ve üniversite hastanesi karşılaştırılması. Sağ. Perf. Kal. Derg 2015;(9):78-95.

Mother Friendly Hospital Model and Birth Satisfaction of Mothers

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 279 - 288, 15.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.892932

Abstract

Introduction: Birth satisfaction of mothers is important for maternal and newborn health. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the practices related to childbirth in mother-friendly and non-mother-friendly hospitals and the birth satisfaction of mothers. Method: The study was conducted between April 2019 and December 2019 in the postpartum clinics of two hospitals in Istanbul. The sample of the study consisted of 265 mothers. The data of the study were collected using the "Introductory Information Form" and the "Birth Satisfaction Scale". Statistical significance level was taken as p < .05. Results: It was determined that 58.5% of the mothers who participated in the study were between the ages of 25-34, 36.5% were high school graduates, and 82.3% were not working. The first pregnancy of 21.5% of the mothers was the first birth of 32.1%. In the study, the rates of movement restriction and food intake restriction at birth were lower in those who gave birth in a mother-friendly hospital compared to those who gave birth in a non-mother-friendly hospital; the rates of induction, amniotomy fundus compression, episiotomy and meeting physical needs were higher and there was a significant difference between the groups (p < .05). There was no difference between the groups in terms of birth satisfaction scale mean scores (p > .05). Conclusion: It was determined that whether the hospital was mother-friendly or not did not affect birth satisfaction. It is recommended that the study be conducted in state hospitals and with a large sample.

Project Number

Yok

References

  • 1. The Coalition for Improving Maternity Services. The mother‐ friendly childbirth initiative. The first consensus ınitiative of the coalition for improving maternity services. J Nurse Midwifery 1997;59-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-182(96)00133-4. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 2. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Confederation of Midwives, White Ribbon Alliance, International Pediatric Association, World Health Organization. Mother−baby friendly birthing facilities. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2015;128(2):95-99. https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.10.013. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 3. Erbaydar N. Mother-friendly hospital programme of Turkey: national intervention to improve the quality of maternity services. East Mediterr Health J 2021;27(2):202-210.
  • 4. World Health Organization. The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/134588/who_rhr_14.23_eng.%20pdf;jsessionid=439B520E8CC642C4B7 DDF00A50230929?sequence=1. 15 Şubat 2019.
  • 5. Davis-Floyd R, Pascali-Bonaro D, Leslie MS, Ponce de Leon RG. The international mother baby child birth initiative: working to create optimal maternity care worldwide. Int J Childbirth 2011;1(3):196-212.
  • 6. White Ribbon Alliance for Safe Motherhood. Respectful maternity care: the universal rights of childbearing women. Washington DC: White Ribbon Alliance; 2011. https://www.whiteribbonalliance.org/wp- content/uploads/2017/11/Final_RMC_Charter.pdf 23 Eylül 2019.
  • 7. İldan Çalım S, Amanak K, Öztürk R, Güleç D, Karaöz B, Kavlak O ve ark. Anne dostu hastane kriterleri doğrultusunda anne sağlığı hizmetlerinin gözden geçirilmesi. EGEHFD 2015;31(1):120-130.
  • 8. Kamu Hastaneleri Genel Müdürlüğü Sağlık Hizmetleri Dairesi Başkanlığı. Anne dostu hastane listesi. 2020 https://khgmsaglikhizmetleridb.saglik.gov.tr/TR-42835/anne-dostu-hastane-listesi.html. 23 Eylül 2020.
  • 9. Rijnders M, Baston H, Schönbeck Y, van der Pal K, Prins M, Green J et al. Perinatal factors related to negative or positive recall of birth experience in women 3 years postpartum in the Netherlands. BIRTH 2008;35;2:107-16.
  • 10. Serçekuş P, Başkale H. Effects of antenatal education on fear of childbirth, maternal self-efficacy and parental attachment. Midwifery 2016;34:166-172.
  • 11. Başgöl Ş, Oskay Ü. Ana çocuk sağlığı hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesinde anne dostu hastane modeli. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2014;17(2):125-129.
  • 12. Karabel MP, Demirbaş M, İnci MB. Türkiye’de ve dünyada değişen sezaryen sıklığı ve olası nedenleri. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi 2017;7(4):158-163.
  • 13. Oikawa M, Sonko A, Faye EO, Ndiaye P, Diadhiou M, Kondo M. Assessment of maternal satisfaction with facility-based childbirth care in the rural region of tambacouda, senegal. African Journal of Reproductive Health 2014; 18(4):95-104.
  • 14. Çıtak Bilgin N, Ak B, Coşkuner Potur D, Ayhan F. Doğum yapan kadınların doğumdan memnuniyeti ve etkileyen faktörler. HSP 2018;5(3):342-352.
  • 15. DeLuca RS, Lobel M. Diminished control and unmet expectations: Testing a model of adjustment to unplanned cesarean delivery. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2014;14:183-204.
  • 16. Çoşar Çetin F, Sezer A, Doğan Merih Y. Doğum memnuniyet ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. North Clin Istanb 2015;2(2):142-150.
  • 17. Kurt Can E, Ejder Apay S. Doğum şekli: doğum sonu konfor ve doğumdan memnuniyet düzeylerini etkiler mi? İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi 2020 8(3):547-565.
  • 18. Karaman ÖE, Yıldız H. Doğum eylemi travay sürecinde hareket serbestliği: nasıl? ne sağlar? kadın doğum hemşiresinin rolü nedir? Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci 2018;10(1):78-87.
  • 19. Serçekuş Ak P, Vardar O, Özkan S. Anne dostu hastanelerin yaygınlaşması Türkiye için neden önemlidir? Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 2018;1(1):25-29.
  • 20. Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;8:CD003930. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003930.pub3. 23 Eylül 2019.
  • 21. Akyıldız D, Çoban A, Gör Uslu F, Taşpınar A. Effects of obstetric interventions during labor on birth process and newborn health. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 2021;29(1):9-21.
  • 22. Dasikan Z, Elmas S, Elmas C, Kiratli D, Erdogan M. Routine ınterventions during normal birth: women’s birth experiences and expectation. Int J Caring Sci 2020;13(3):1768-1877.
  • 23. Declercq ER, Sakala C, Corry MP, Applebaum S, Herrlich A. Major survey findings of listening to motherssm III: new mothers speak out. J Perinat Educ 2014;23(1):17-24.
  • 24. Dahlen HG, Tracy S, Tracy M, Bisits A, Brown C, Thornton C. Rates of obstetric intervention among low-risk women giving birth in private and public hospitals in NSW: A population-based descriptive study. BMJ Open 2012;2(5):e001723.
  • 25. Li YP, Yeh CH, Lin SY, Chen TC, Yang YL, Lee CN et al. A proposed mother-friendly childbirth model for Taiwanese women, the implementation and satisfaction survey. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015;54(6):731-736.
  • 26. Bohren MA, Hofmeyr G, Sakala C, Fukuzawa RK, Cuthbert A. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;(7):CD003766. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6483123/pdf/CD003766.pdf. 8 Temmuz 2021.
  • 27. World Health Organization. Recommendations intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260178/9789241550215-eng.pdf. 12 Nisan 2019.
  • 28. Ahi S, Borlu A, Balcı E, Günay O. Bebek dostu bir hastanede doğum yapan annelerin doğumdan sonra ilk bir saatte emzirmeye başlama durumları ve ilişkili faktörler. Ahi Evran Med J. 2019;3(2):41-47.
  • 29. Steel A, Frawley J, Adams J, Diezel H. Trained or professional doulas in the support and care of pregnant and birthing women: A critical integrative review. Health Soc Care Community 2015;23(3):225-41.
  • 30. Wang M, Song Q, Xu J, Hu Z, Gong Y, Lee AC, Chen Q. Continuous support during labour in childbirth: a Cross-Sectional study in a university teaching hospital in Shanghai, China. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018;18(480):2-7.
  • 31. Bolbol-Haghighi N, Masoumi SZ, Kazemi F. Effect of massage therapy on duration of labour: a randomized controlled trial JCDR 2016;10(9):14-17.
  • 32. Subaşı B, Özcan H, Pekçetin S, Göker B, Tunç S, Budak B. Doğum eğitiminin doğum kaygısı ve korkusu üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Tıp Derg 2013;29:(4):165-167.
  • 33. Dönmez S, Yeniel Ö, Kavlak O. Vajinal doğum ve sezaryen doğum yapan gebelerin durumluk kaygı düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2014;3(3):908-920.
  • 34. Yeşilçiçek Çalik K, Karabulutlu Ö, Yavuz C. First do no harm- interventions during labor and maternal satisfaction: a descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2018;18(415):2-10.
  • 35. Leal MDC, Pereira APE, Domingues RMSM, Filha M MT, Dias MAB, Nakamura-Pereira M, Gama SGND. Obstetric interventions during labor and childbirth in Brazilian low-risk women. Cadernos de Saude Publica 2014;30(1):1-16.
  • 36. Chalmers BE, Dzakpasu S. Interventions in labour and birth and satisfaction with care: the Canadian maternity experiences survey findings. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2015;33(4):374-387.
  • 37. Hamm RF, Downes KL, Srinivas SK, Levine LD. Using the probability of cesarean from a validated cesarean prediction calculator to predict labor length and morbidity. Am J Perinatol 2019;36(6):561-566.
  • 38. Weeks F, Pantoja L, Ortiz J, Foster J, Cavada G, Binfa L. Labor and birth care satisfaction associated with medical interventions and accompaniment during labor among chilean women. J Midwifery Womens Health 2017;62(2):196-203.
  • 39. Hodnett ED, Gates S, Hofmeyr GJ, Sakala C. Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;(7):2-118.
  • 40. Srivastava A, Avan BI, Rajbangshi P, Bhattacharyya S. Determinants of women’s satisfaction with maternal health care: a review of literature from developing countries. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2015;15(97):2-12.
  • 41. Imtithal Adnan F, Noor NM, Mat Junoh NA. Associated factors of labor satisfaction and predictor of postnatal satisfaction in the northeast of Peninsular Malaysia. PLoS One 2020;15(8):e0238310.
  • 42. Kılıç T, Topuz R. Hastalarla iletişimin, hasta memnuniyetine etkisi: özel, devlet ve üniversite hastanesi karşılaştırılması. Sağ. Perf. Kal. Derg 2015;(9):78-95.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Zümrüt Bilgin 0000-0003-3984-5716

Project Number Yok
Publication Date July 15, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bilgin, Z. (2022). Anne Dostu Hastane Modeli ve Annelerin Doğum Memnuniyetleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 15(3), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.892932

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