Eş Kanallı Açısal Presleme (EKAP) ile Deforme Edilen ETP Bakırın Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Aşırı plastik deformasyon (APD), malzemelere yüksek basınç altında plastik deformasyon uygulanması, malzemelerin mekanik ve yapısal özelliklerini iyileştirmek için kullanılan yöntemlerdendir. Bu yöntemlerden biri olan Eş Kanallı Açısal Presleme (EKAP), aynı çaplara sahip açısal kesişen iki kanaldan geçen numuneye yüksek basınç uygulayarak mikroyapısal olarak mikron altı veya nano boyutlu tanelere sahip malzemeler üretmek için kullanılan bir tekniktir. Son yıllarda EKAP yöntemini kullanarak nano taneli metalik malzemelerin üretimine yönelik çalışmalar artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yüksek basınç altında malzemenin mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin kademeli olarak değişimini incelemek ve EKAP’ın bu özelliklerin iyileşmesine etkisini belirlemektir. Bu süreç doğrudan malzemenin iç yapısı ve dokusuyla ilgilidir. Uygulanan yöntem ile daha mukavim bir malzeme yapısının elde edilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmada elektrik uygulamalarında yaygın kullanılan bakır türlerinden ETP (Elektrolitik Tough Pitch) bakır malzeme seçilmiştir. Herhangi bir ısıl işleme tabi tutulmamış 12 mm çapında ve 35 mm uzunluğunda ETP bakır numuneleri, 120 ton kapasiteli hidrolik pres, 120° kanal açısına sahip (Φ=120°, ψ=20°) hassas şekilde işlenmiş kalıp ve EKAP işlem tekrarlarında BC rotası kullanılarak, 2 mm/s'lik presleme hızında ve 200°C kalıp sıcaklığında çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. EKAP uygulanan numunelerin kristal yapı, mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerdeki değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre, 4 paso EKAP uygulamasının mikroyapıda tanelerin incelmesi ve mekanik özelliklerde iyileşmenin gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

• EKAP
• ETP Bakır
• Aşırı Plastik Deformasyon Mikroyapı
• Mekanik Özellikler
• Microstructure
• Mechanical Properties

Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ETP Copper Deformed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP)

Abstract

Severe plastic deformation (SPD), the plastic deformation of materials under high pressure, is used to improve the mechanical and structural properties of materials. Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) is one of these methods used to produce materials microstructure with submicron or nano-sized grains by applying high pressure to the sample passing through two angular intersecting channels with the same diameters. In recent years, studies on the production of nano-grained metallic materials have increased. The aim of this study is to examine the gradual change of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the material under high pressure and to determine the effect of ECAP on the improvement of these properties. This process is directly related to the internal structure and texture of the material. With the applied method, it is aimed to obtain a more durable material structure. Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) copper material, which is one of the copper types commonly used in electrical applications, was chosen in the study. 12 mm diameter and 35 mm long ETP copper samples, which were not subjected to any heat treatment, processed on 2 mm/s pressing speed, 200°C mold temperature and Bc ECAP route using a 120 ton capacity hydraulic press, a precision machined mold which has 120° (Φ=120°, ψ=20°) channel angle. The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and mechanical properties of the ECAP applied samples were investigated. According to the data obtained, it was observed that the 4 passes of ECAP application resulted in having finer grains in microstructure and improvement in mechanical properties.

Keywords

• ECAP
• Severe Plastic Deformation
• ETP Copper
• Micostructure
• Mechanical properties

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