TACO: Bitki Zararlıları, Yabani Otlar ve Hastalıkların Tespiti ve Kontrolü İçin Türkçe Bir Ontoloji

Abstract

Akıllı tarımda daha sürdürülebilir bir üretim sağlanırken, kimyasal kullanımının azalması nedeniyle bitki zararlıları, hastalıkları ve yabancı ot kontrolü daha karmaşık hale gelmektedir. Bu nedenle zararlı, hastalık ve yabancı otların erken aşamada tespit edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Hem çiftçilerin hem de tarımsal mücadele için geliştirilen yapay zeka uygulamalarının bu organizmaları tespit edebilmesi ve tarımsal mücadele yöntemlerini bilmesi önemlidir. Semantik teknolojiler ve ontolojiler, makine tarafından yorumlanabilir bilgiler ve heterojenlik için çözümler sağlar. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de yaygın olarak görülen bitki zararlıları, hastalıkları ve yabancı otlar hakkında bilgiler içeren Türkçe olarak oluşturulmuş Türk Tarımsal Kontrol Ontolojisi (TACO) sunulmaktadır. Çalışmanın katkıları, bu alanda yapılan ilk Türk ontolojisi olması ve tarımsal mücadele yöntemlerinin ontoloji kapsamında yer almasıdır. Sıkça kullanılan ontoloji değerlendirme metriklerine göre TACO, ağırlıklı olarak derin bir sınıflandırma taksonomisi olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Ayrıca ontolojideki sınıfların eşit olarak dağılım gösteren, yeterli sayıda sınıf örneğine sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• ontoloji
• yapay zeka
• tarımsal kontrol
• bitki zararlıları
• bitki hastalıkları
• yabani otlar

TACO: An Ontology in Turkish for Identifying and Controlling Plant Pests, Weeds and Diseases

Abstract

While ensuring a more sustainable production, because of reduced chemical usage it is more complicated to control plant pests, diseases and weeds in smart agriculture. For this reason, it is of great importance to detect pests, diseases and weeds at the earliest stage. It is important that both farmers and the artificial intelligence applications developed for agricultural control should be able to detect these organisms and to know the agricultural control methods. Semantic technologies and ontologies provide machine interpretable information and solutions for heterogeneity. This study presents the Turkish Agricultural Control Ontology (TACO), which is built in Turkish and contains information about plant pests, diseases and weeds common in Turkey. The contributions of the study are that it is the first Turkish ontology built in this field and that the methods of agricultural control are included within the scope of the ontology. According to the commonly used ontology evaluation metrics, TACO is predominantly characterized as a deep classification taxonomy. In addition, it was concluded that the classes in the ontology have an evenly distributed and sufficient number of class individuals.

Keywords

• ontology
• artificial intelligence
• agricultural control
• plant pests
• plant diseases
• weeds

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