Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Pollution in Different Soil Uses: Spring Season

Abstract

In this study, the concentration and species distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soils of olive groves in 7 different regions of Bursa were investigated and toxicity risk assessments were performed. Soil samples extracted by ultrasonic method and PAH concentrations were measured by GC-MS. PAH pollution has been shown to have a large regional release (2-2452 ng / g KM). The regions with the least and highest ∑12 PAH pollution in the soils are the Mudanya Yörükali (MY) and Gemlik Campus (GK) regions that their concentrations are measured as 2 ng / g KM and 2452 ng / g KM, respectively. It is concluded that GK and MK are exposed to high PAH contamination due to the regions where industrial, residential and traffic-intensive regions are located. The low level of PAH contamination in the MY region is thought to be due to the fact that this region is a rural area away from pollutant sources. According to the regions, the distribution of the ring was evaluated as 3 rings, 4 people and 5-6 rings. 87.3% of PAHs in GK region consisted of 4 rings. In general, 4-ring PAH species were dominant in sampling regions. The ∑12 BAPeq value ranges from 0.2 to 149.4 ng / g KM and the highest value is measured in the GK region. Risk assessment was performed for PADs. ∑7 PAH cancer risk (CR) for GK region was measured in the range of 3.39E-04-159E-0.3.  Non-carcinogenic risk hazard coefficient (HQ) has been observed that changed in the 0-0.14 range. It has been determined that PAH pollution has a large regional release.

Keywords

• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,Soil Pollution,PAHs Ring Distributions,Toxicity,Risk Assessments

Farklı Toprak Kullanım Alanlarında Poliaromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) Kirliliği: İlkbahar Mevsimi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Bursa’nın 7 farklı bölgesinde yer alan zeytinlik arazilerinde topraklardaki polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonların (PAH’ların) konsantrasyonları, tür dağılımları incelenmiş ve toksisite risk değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Önemli bir sanayi ve tarım kenti olan Bursa’da zeytinlik arazi topraklarında PAH kirlilik seviyesinin bölgesel değişiminin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Toprak örnekleri ultrasonik yöntemle ekstrakte edilmiş ve PAH konsantrasyonları GC-MS ile ölçülmüştür. PAH kirliliğinin bölgesel olarak büyük bir salınım gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir (2-2452 ng/g KM). Topraklardaki ∑12 PAH kirliliğinin en az ve en fazla olduğu bölgeler sırasıyla Mudanya Yörükali (MY) ve Gemlik Kampüs (GK) bölgeleri olup konsantrasyonları 2 ng/g KM ve 2452 ng/g KM olarak ölçülmüştür. GK ve MK, bölgelerinin sanayi, yerleşim ve trafiğin yoğun olduğu bölgeler olması sebebiyle yüksek PAH kirlenmesine maruz kaldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. MY bölgesinde PAH kirliliğinin çok düşük seviyede olmasının, bu bölgenin kirletici kaynaklardan uzak ve kırsal bir bölge olmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Bölgelere göre halka dağılımları 3 halkalılar, 4halkalılar ve 5-6 halkalılar olarak değerlendirilmiştir. GK bölgesinde PAH’ların % 87,3’ü 4 halkalılardan oluşmuştur. Genel olarak örnekleme bölgelerinde 4 halkalı PAH türlerinin baskın olduğu görülmüştür. ∑12 BAPeq  değeri 0,2- 149,4 ng/g KM arasında değişmekte olup en yüksek değer GK bölgesinde ölçülmüştür. PAH’lar için risk değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. GK bölgesi için ∑7 PAH kanser risk (CR) değeri 3,39E-04-159E-0,3 aralığında ölçülmüştür. Kanserojen olmayan risk tehlike katsayısı (HQ) 0-0,14 aralığında değiştiği gözlenmiştir.  PAH kirliliğinin bölgesel olarak büyük bir salınım gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• PAH,Toprak kirliliği,PAH halka dağılımları,Toksisite ve Risk Değerlendirmeleri

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