304 Paslanmaz çeliğin mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri üzerinde yüksek enerjili lazer kaynak parametrelerinin etkisi

Abstract

2 mm kalınlığında 304SS malzemelerine otojen plaka üstü dikiş şeklinde farklı ısı girdilerine sahip lazer kaynağı uygulanmıştır. Nd: YAG lazer kullanılarak özellikle düşük kaynak hızlarında lazer enerjisinin kaynak performansı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kaynak performansı kaynak dikiş morfolojisi, mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikler açısından karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ısı girdisinin artmasıyla kraterin arttığını ortaya koymuş, bu nedenle krater ve ısı girdisi arasında doğrusal bir ilişki olduğu belirtilmiştir. Isı girdisindeki kademeli artışın kaynak dikişinin penetrasyonu ile doğrudan ilişkili olmadığı bulunmuştur. En yüksek ısı girdisinde, kaynak dikişleri önemli ölçüde genişlemiş ve krater derinleşmiştir, bu kaynak dikişlerinin sertliği artarken çekme dayanımı ve süneklik azalmıştır. En iyi mekanik özellikler orta seviyedeki ısı girdisine sahip yüksek lazer enerjisi ile elde edilmiştir. Bu kaynaklar, 304SS ana metalinden daha iyi mukavemet sergilemiştir. Mikrosertlik değerleri füzyon bölgesinden ana metale homojen olarak dağılmıştır. Lazer enerjisi ferrit ağını arttırmış ve daha ince ferritler oluşturmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile 304 SS 2 mm kalınlığındaki plakaların kaynağında iyi mukavemet, iyi süneklik ve kaynak dikiş morfolojisi açısından kullanılabilir lazer kaynak parametreleri tanımlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Lazer kaynak
• Mekanik özellikler
• Mikroyapı
• Paslanmaz Çelik

Effect of high-energy laser welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel

Abstract

Autogenous bead-on-plate laser welding was performed on 2 mm 304SS materials at different heat inputs. The influence of laser energy in low welding speeds on weld performance using a Nd:YAG laser was studied. The weld performance was characterized in terms of weld bead morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties. The result revealed that the crater increased with the increase of heat input, so there is a linear relationship between crater and heat input. The gradual increase of the heat input was not directly related to the penetration of the weld bead. At the highest heat input, weld beads considerably expanded and also the crater deepened, the hardness increased in these joints while tensile strength and ductility reduced. The best mechanical properties were obtained with high laser energy at intermediate heat input. These weldments exhibited better strength even better than base metal 304SS. The microhardness values were distributed homogeneously from the fusion zone to the base metal. Laser energy increased the ferrite network and brought finer ferrites. As a result, usable laser welding parameters in terms of good strength, as well as good ductility and weld bead morphology were defined for welding 304 SS with 2 mm thickness.

Keywords

• Laser welding
• Mechanical Properties
• Microstructure
• Stainless steel

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