Numerical Analysis of Haemodynamic of Blood Flow in the Carotid Sinus with OpenFOAM

Abstract

Investigation of blood flow in the carotid artery is an important issue in haemodynamic studies. In this research, the behaviour of the flow is investigated by focusing on critical points such as the place where the bifurcation begins, and the sinus region at ICA, with using an open source code program for analysis. The parametric 3-D geometry of the carotid artery was created with open source code software, based on real angiogram data in the literature. In this study, OpenFOAM which is also an open source CFD software package, was used in the analysis of computational fluid dynamics. Continuity and momentum equations are discretized with Semi-Implicit Method for pressure linked equations (SIMPLE) for steady flow, and with Pressure Implicit with splitting of operators (PISO) for pulsatile flow. Pulsatile flow at the inlet of the common carotid artery (CCA) is used as a inlet boundary condition, referring to a similar model in the literature. The shear stresses at the carotid sinus, as well as at the carotid bifurcation, was examined. The results are obtained for wall shear stresses, streamlines and velocity contours, and are compared with the published previous literature.

Keywords

• Carotid sinus
• Hemodynamics
• OpenFOAM

Karotis Sinüsteki Kan Akışının Hemodinamisinin OpenFOAM ile Sayısal Analizi

Abstract

Karotis arterdeki kan akımının araştırılması hemodinamik çalışmalarda önemli bir konudur. Bu araştırmada, çatallanmanın başladığı yer ve iç karotis arter (ICA)'deki sinüs bölgesi gibi kritik noktalara odaklanılarak akışın davranışı açık kaynak kodlu bir program kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Karotis arterin parametrik 3 Boyutlu geometrisi, literatürdeki gerçek anjiyogram verilerine dayalı olarak açık kaynak kodlu bir yazılım ile oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) analizinde aynı zamanda açık kaynak kodlu bir HAD yazılım paketi olan OpenFOAM kullanılmıştır. Süreklilik ve momentum denklemleri, daimi akış koşulunda Basınca bağlı denklemler için Yarı-Kapalı Yöntem (SIMPLE) ile, ve pulsatil akış için ise Operatörlerin bölünmesi ile Kapalı Basınç yöntemi (PISO) ile ayrıklaştırılır. Ortak karotis arterin (CCA) girişindeki pulsatil akış, literatürdeki benzer bir modele atıfta bulunularak giriş sınır koşulu olarak kullanılmıştır. Karotis sinüsdeki ve çatallanma noktasındaki kayma gerilmeleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar duvar kayma gerilmeleri, akım çizgileri ve hız konturları için elde edilmiş ve yayınlanmış önceki literatürle karşılaştırılmıştır.

Keywords

• Carotid sinus
• Hemodynamics
• OpenFOAM

References

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