DO GREEN ENERGY AND GREEN HUMAN CAPITAL CONTRIBUTE TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES?

Abstract

Economic growth is one of the main macroeconomic objectives and is one of the focal points of economists around the world. On the other hand, almost all of the resources required for economic growth cause environmental pollution. Therefore, with the development of the global economy, environmental problems have reached serious dimensions and have worried various international organizations and countries. Increasing environmental pollution and the negativities it causes force countries to find solutions to this problem. Therefore, determining the factors that will contribute to environmental quality is critical for sustainable growth. This study examined the effects of green energy and green human capital on environmental quality in the case of the European Union. Second generation panel tests were used in the analyses. After determining the long-term relationship between the variables according to the cointegration test findings, FMOLS and DOLS estimators were used to estimate the cointegration coefficients. According to the findings of relevant forecasters, while green human capital and green energy improve environmental quality in EU countries, natural resources increase environmental pollution. Finally, Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality findings confirmed various causal relationships among the variables.

Keywords

• Environmental Quality
• Green Energy
• Green Human Capital
• European Union

YEŞİL ENERJİ VE YEŞİL BEŞERİ SERMAYE AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÜLKELERİNDE ÇEVRE KALİTESİNİN GELİŞMESİNE KATKI SUNAR MI?

Abstract

Ekonomik büyüme temel makroekonomik hedeflerin başında gelir ve dünya çapındaki ekonomistlerin odak noktalarından birini oluşturur. Diğer yandan ekonomik büyüme için gerekli kaynakların neredeyse tamamı çevre kirliliğine neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle küresel ekonominin gelişmesiyle birlikte çevre sorunları ciddi boyutlara ulaşmış ve çeşitli uluslararası kuruluşları ve ülkeleri endişelendirmiştir. Her geçen gün artan çevre kirliliği ve neden olduğu olumsuzluklar ülkeleri bu soruna çözümler bulmaya mecbur bırakmaktadır. Dolayısıyla çevre kalitesine katkı yapacak faktörlerin belirlenmesi sürdürülebilir büyüme için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma yeşil enerji ve yeşil beşeri sermayenin çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini Avrupa Birliği örneğinde incelemiştir. Analizlerde ikinci nesil panel veri testleri kullanılmıştır. Eşbütünleşme testi bulgularına göre değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönem ilişkinin belirlenmesinin ardından, eşbütünleşme katsayılarını tahmin etmek için FMOLS ve DOLS tahmincilerine başvurulmuştur. İlgili tahmincilerin bulgularına göre AB ülkelerinde yeşil beşeri sermaye ve yeşil enerji çevresel kaliteyi iyileştirirken, doğal kaynaklar çevresel kirliliği artırmaktadır. Son olarak Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik bulguları değişkenler arasında çeşitli nedensellik ilişkisini doğrulamıştır.

Keywords

• Çevre Kalitesi
• Yeşil Enerji
• Yeşil Beşeri Sermaye
• Avrupa Birliği

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