The Measurement of Convergence of Economic Freedoms with Haldane-Hall Approach

Abstract

One of the most important developments in the last thirty years is the expansion of liberal economic thought and policies in terms of accelerating globalization movements. Libertarian movements the scope of which has been extended with regards to economics and especially neo-liberal movements became an irreplaceable element of social set-up and their economic liberation formed the main core of the developments of macroeconomics with the aim of increasing the welfare level. In this study, therefore, whether developing and underdeveloped countries came closer to developed countries in terms of economic freedom is analysed with a new method that is Haldane-Hall Convergence Analysis. The outcomes of Haldane-Hall Convergence Analysis revealed that the economic liberation processes of Argentina, Belarus, Bolivia, Bulgaria, China, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, India, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, Romania, Senegal, Thailand and Turkey converged to developed countries, on the other hand, in Republic of Congo, Ghana, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Sudan, Swaziland, Vietnam, Yemen, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gambia, Guinea, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Sierra Leone and Uganda, the concept of divergence in terms of economic freedom became a current issue.

Keywords: Economic Freedom, Convergence, Haldane-Hall Approach.

Keywords

• Economic Freedom, Convergence, Haldane-Hall Approach

Ekonomik Özgürlüklerdeki Yakınsamanın Haldane-Hall Yaklaşımı ile Ölçümü

Abstract

Öz

Son otuz yıldan bu yana yaşanan en önemli gelişmelerden biri, hızlanan küreselleşme hareketleri kapsamında liberal iktisadi düşünce ve politikaların dünya genelinde yayılması olmuştur. Özellikle neo-liberal hareketler ile birlikte iktisadi bakımdan kapsamı genişletilen özgürlükçü akımlar, toplumsal yapılanma tarafından vazgeçilmez bir unsur olmuş ve ekonomik serbesti, refah gücünün artırılabilmesi amacıyla makro iktisadi gelişmelerin ana eksenini oluşturmuştur. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, gelişmekte olan ve azgelişmiş ülkelerin gelişmiş ülkelere ekonomik özgürlükler bakımından yaklaşıp yaklaşmadıkları yeni bir yöntem olan Haldane-Hall Yakınsama Analizi ile incelenmiştir. Haldane-Hall yakınsama analizi sonuçları; Arjantin, Belarus, Bolivya, Bulgaristan, Çin, Ekvador, Mısır, El Salvador, Hindistan, Meksika, Papua Yeni Gine, Romanya, Senegal, Tayland ve Türkiye’deki ekonomik özgürlük süreçlerinin gelişmiş ülkelere yakınsadığını; buna karşın Kongo Cumhuriyeti, Gana, Irak, Ürdün, Libya, Moldova, Fas, Sudan, Svaziland, Vietnam, Yemen, Bangladeş, Burkina Faso, Çad, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti, Gambiya, Gine, Madagaskar, Mali, Mozambik, Sierra Leone ve Uganda’da ise ekonomik özgürlükler bakımından ıraksama olgusunun gündeme geldiğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekonomik Özgürlükler, Yakınsama, Haldane-Hall Yaklaşımı.

Keywords

• Ekonomik Özgürlükler, Yakınsama, Haldane-Hall Yaklaşımı

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