BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİTESİ’NİN TEİTİOTA KARARININ ARDINDAN “İKLİM MÜLTECİLERİ”

Abstract

“İklim mültecisi” olduğunu öne süren, Kiribati Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı Ioane Teitiota’nın Yeni Zelanda’ya karşı yaptığı başvuru sonucunda, Medeni ve Siyasi Haklara İlişkin Uluslararası Sözleşme’nin (MSHİUS) uygulanmasını denetlemekle görevli olan Birleşmiş Milletler İnsan Hakları Komitesi (BMİHK) önemli bir karara imza atmıştır. 24 Ekim 2019’da alınan ve 7 Ocak 2020’de yayınlanan karar, “iklim mültecileri”, geri-göndermeme ilkesi, devletlerin yükümlülükleri ve uluslararası işbirliği gibi birçok konuyu yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada, tartışmalı olan “iklim mültecisi” kavramının uluslararası hukuktaki yeri ve konunun insan hakları boyutu, daha spesifik olarak geri-göndermeme ilkesi Komite’nin Teitiota kararı ışığında ele alınmaktadır.

Keywords

• Birleşmiş Milletler İnsan Hakları Komitesi,
• Teitiota/Yeni Zelanda Kararı,
• “İklim mültecileri”,
• Geri-göndermeme ilkesi

Abstract

The United Nations Human Rights Committee (UNHRC), charged with monitoring of implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), issued an important ruling concerning the communication submitted by Ioane Teitiota against New Zealand, Teitiota a citizen of the Republic of Kiribati, who has claimed to be a “climate refugee”. The ruling which was taken on 24 October 2019 and issued on 7 January 2020 has brought many issues back to the agenda, such as “climate refugees”, the principle of non-refoulement, states’ obligation and international cooperation. In this study, the place of the controversial concept of “climate refugee” in international law, the human rights dimension of this subject, more specifically the principle of non-refoulement are discussed in the light of the Committee’s ruling in the Teitiota case.

Keywords

• United Nations Human Rights Committee
• Teitota v. New Zealand
• Climate Refugees
• Principles of Non-Refoulement

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