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EZRA POUND AND A. H. TANPINAR: TWO MODES OF AUTHENTICITY IN MODERNIST WORLD LITERATURE

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 134 - 150, 15.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1178011

Abstract

This study is based on the premise that modernist literature, presented as an essentially Western current in the established narratives of literary history, is global in nature, and that there are works all around the world that fall within its scope. This premise rests on the fact that the condition called modernity itself is a global phenomenon. Not only colonialism and imperialism, but also the projects of modernization and Westernization witnessed in different geographies made modernity extend over the entire globe. This article argues that the formal and technical novelties distinguishing modernist literature from what preceded it intend to represent and respond to new subjective and social experiences caused by modernity. In this context, Ezra Pound’s poem “In a Station of the Metro” and Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’s novel A Mind at Peace (Huzur) are examined, and their formal and technical aspects are discussed with regard to a common experience of modernity. This experience bearing different forms and contents in different places is identified as fragmentation, loss of the sense of totality, alienation, and the ensuing desire for authenticity. It is demonstrated that the notion of the image in Pound’s poem and the method of dream aesthetics in Tanpınar’s novel are two literary inventions addressing that common experience of fragmentation and the quest for authenticity. This study also identifies the distinct traits of the two modes of authenticity imagined by Pound and Tanpınar.

References

  • Albright, D. (2001). Early Cantos I-XLI. I. B. Nadel (Ed.), in The Cambridge companion to Ezra Pound. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Alleman, M. J. (2005). European history: 1900-1972. D. P. Tryphonopoulos & S. J. Adams (Eds.), in The Ezra Pound encyclopedia. Connecticut, London: Greenwood Press.
  • Almond, I. (2022). World literature decentered: beyond the “West” through Turkey, Mexico and Bengal. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Baker, J. (2019). Ezra Pound and Wassily Kandinsky. R. Preda (Ed.), in The Edinburgh companion to Ezra Pound and the arts. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Beasley, R. (2007). Theorists of modernist Poetry: T. S. Eliot, T. E. Hulme, Ezra Pound. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Bertram, C. (2008). Imagining the Turkish house: collective visions of home. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Byron, M. (2019). Ezra Pound and East Asian art. R. Preda (Ed.), in The Edinburgh companion to Ezra Pound and the arts. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Freud, S. (2010). The interpretation of dreams. J. Strachey (Trans.). New York: Basic Books.
  • Göknar, E. (2013). Orhan Pamuk, secularism and blasphemy: the politics of the Turkish novel. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Gürbilek, N. (1995). Yer değiştiren gölge. Istanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Harvey, D. (1991). The condition of postmodernity: an enquiry into the origins of cultural change. Massachusetts, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Kodama, S. (2005). Japanese literature. D. P. Tryphonopoulos & S. J. Adams (Eds.), in The Ezra Pound encyclopedia. Connecticut, London: Greenwood Press.
  • Lentricchia, F. (1994). Modernist quartet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Lewis, E. (2010). Modernist image. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Marsh, A. (2011). Ezra Pound. London: Reaktion Books.
  • Marx, K. (1992). Early writings. R. Livingstone & G. Benton (Trans.). London, New York: Penguin Books.
  • Marx, K. & Engels, F. (2002). The communist manifesto. S. Moore (Trans.). London: Penguin Books.
  • Naci, F. (2008). Huzur. A. Uçman & H. İnci (Eds.), in “Bir gül bu karanlıklarda”: Tanpınar üzerine yazılar, Istanbul: 3F Yayınevi.
  • Pound, E. (1916a). Lustra. London: E. Mathews.
  • Pound, E. (1916b). Gaudier-Brzeska: a memoir. London, New York: John Lane.
  • Pound, E. (1968). Literary essays. T. S. Eliot (Ed.). New York: New Directions.
  • Seyhan, A. (2008). Tales of crossed destinies: the modern Turkish novel in a comparative context. New York: The Modern Language Association of America.
  • Simmel, G. (1971). The metropolis and mental life. On individuality and social forms. D. N. Levine (Ed.). Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2005). Yaşadığım gibi. B. Emil (Ed.). Istanbul: Dergâh Yayınları.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2011). A mind at peace. E. Göknar (Trans.). New York: Archipelago Books.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2018). Tanpınar’s “Five cities” (R. Christie, Trans.). London, New York: Anthem Press.
  • Witemeyer, H. (2001). Early poetry 1908-1920. The Cambridge companion to Ezra Pound (I. B. Nadel, Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

EZRA POUND VE A. H. TANPINAR: MODERNİST DÜNYA EDEBİYATINDA İKİ OTANTİKLİK BİÇİMİ

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 134 - 150, 15.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1178011

Abstract

Bu çalışma, yerleşik edebiyat tarihi anlatılarında Batıya özgü bir akım olarak değerlendirilen modernist edebiyatın küresel bir nitelik taşıdığı ve tüm dünyada bu edebiyatın kapsamına giren eserler üretildiği iddiasına dayanmaktadır. Bu iddianın temelinde bizzat modernlik olarak adlandırılan durumun dünyasal bir nitelik taşıması yatmaktadır. Modernlik, sömürgecilik ve emperyalizm yanında dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde görülen modernleşme ve Batılılaşma projeleriyle birlikte tüm dünyayı kapsayan bir olgu hâline gelmiştir. Bu makale, modernist edebiyatı kendinden önceki akımlardan ayıran biçimsel ve teknik yeniliklerin, modernlik durumunun ortaya çıkardığı yeni öznel ve toplumsal deneyimleri temsil etme ve bunlara karşılık verme çabasından kaynaklandığını öne sürmektedir. Bu bağlamda Ezra Pound’un “In a Station of the Metro” adlı şiiriyle Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Huzur (A Mind at Peace) başlıklı romanı incelenmekte, bu eserlerin taşıdıkları biçimsel ve teknik özellikler ortak bir modernlik deneyimi üzerinden tartışılmaktadır. Farklı coğrafyalarda değişik biçim ve içeriklerle yaşanan bu ortak deneyim parçalanma, bütünlük hissinin kaybı, yabancılaşma ve bunların doğurduğu otantiklik arzusu olarak tespit edilmiştir. Pound’un şiirindeki imge anlayışıyla Tanpınar’ın romanındaki rüya estetiği yönteminin, ortak parçalanma deneyimine ve otantiklik arayışına bağlı geliştirilen iki edebi buluş olduğu gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada Pound’un ve Tanpınar’ın tahayyül ettiği iki ayrı otantiklik biçiminin özgün nitelikleri ele alınmıştır.

References

  • Albright, D. (2001). Early Cantos I-XLI. I. B. Nadel (Ed.), in The Cambridge companion to Ezra Pound. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Alleman, M. J. (2005). European history: 1900-1972. D. P. Tryphonopoulos & S. J. Adams (Eds.), in The Ezra Pound encyclopedia. Connecticut, London: Greenwood Press.
  • Almond, I. (2022). World literature decentered: beyond the “West” through Turkey, Mexico and Bengal. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Baker, J. (2019). Ezra Pound and Wassily Kandinsky. R. Preda (Ed.), in The Edinburgh companion to Ezra Pound and the arts. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Beasley, R. (2007). Theorists of modernist Poetry: T. S. Eliot, T. E. Hulme, Ezra Pound. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Bertram, C. (2008). Imagining the Turkish house: collective visions of home. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  • Byron, M. (2019). Ezra Pound and East Asian art. R. Preda (Ed.), in The Edinburgh companion to Ezra Pound and the arts. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Freud, S. (2010). The interpretation of dreams. J. Strachey (Trans.). New York: Basic Books.
  • Göknar, E. (2013). Orhan Pamuk, secularism and blasphemy: the politics of the Turkish novel. London, New York: Routledge.
  • Gürbilek, N. (1995). Yer değiştiren gölge. Istanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Harvey, D. (1991). The condition of postmodernity: an enquiry into the origins of cultural change. Massachusetts, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Kodama, S. (2005). Japanese literature. D. P. Tryphonopoulos & S. J. Adams (Eds.), in The Ezra Pound encyclopedia. Connecticut, London: Greenwood Press.
  • Lentricchia, F. (1994). Modernist quartet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Lewis, E. (2010). Modernist image. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Marsh, A. (2011). Ezra Pound. London: Reaktion Books.
  • Marx, K. (1992). Early writings. R. Livingstone & G. Benton (Trans.). London, New York: Penguin Books.
  • Marx, K. & Engels, F. (2002). The communist manifesto. S. Moore (Trans.). London: Penguin Books.
  • Naci, F. (2008). Huzur. A. Uçman & H. İnci (Eds.), in “Bir gül bu karanlıklarda”: Tanpınar üzerine yazılar, Istanbul: 3F Yayınevi.
  • Pound, E. (1916a). Lustra. London: E. Mathews.
  • Pound, E. (1916b). Gaudier-Brzeska: a memoir. London, New York: John Lane.
  • Pound, E. (1968). Literary essays. T. S. Eliot (Ed.). New York: New Directions.
  • Seyhan, A. (2008). Tales of crossed destinies: the modern Turkish novel in a comparative context. New York: The Modern Language Association of America.
  • Simmel, G. (1971). The metropolis and mental life. On individuality and social forms. D. N. Levine (Ed.). Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2005). Yaşadığım gibi. B. Emil (Ed.). Istanbul: Dergâh Yayınları.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2011). A mind at peace. E. Göknar (Trans.). New York: Archipelago Books.
  • Tanpınar, A. H. (2018). Tanpınar’s “Five cities” (R. Christie, Trans.). London, New York: Anthem Press.
  • Witemeyer, H. (2001). Early poetry 1908-1920. The Cambridge companion to Ezra Pound (I. B. Nadel, Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serhat Uyurkulak 0000-0002-7717-5402

Publication Date March 15, 2023
Submission Date September 20, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Uyurkulak, S. (2023). EZRA POUND AND A. H. TANPINAR: TWO MODES OF AUTHENTICITY IN MODERNIST WORLD LITERATURE. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25(1), 134-150. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.1178011