Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis

Ali Bilgin Yılmaz

doi:10.57244/dfbd.1885124

TR EN

Van’daki Sokak ve Barınak Köpeklerinde Giardia duodenalis Yaygınlığı ve İzolatların β-Giardin Gen Filogenetik Analizine Dayalı Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Giardia duodenalis, insanlar ve köpekler dâhil olmak üzere çok çeşitli omurgalı konakları enfekte eden intestinal bir protozoon parazittir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van ilinde bulunan sahipsiz ve barınak köpeklerinde G. duodenalis’in prevalansını belirlemek ve izolatların β-giardin genine dayalı moleküler karakterizasyonunu yapmaktır. Dışkı örneklerinden DNA ekstraksiyonu yapıldıktan sonra β-giardin gen bölgesi polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) yöntemi kullanılarak çoğaltılmıştır. Enfeksiyon oranı barınak köpeklerinde %7,23, sahipsiz köpeklerde ise %28,20 olarak belirlenmiştir. β-giardin geninin dizi analizi sonucunda izolatların altısının (%18,18) assemblage B, 10’unun (%30,30) assemblage C, 14’ünün (%42,42) assemblage D ve üçünün (%9,09) assemblage E grubuna ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enfeksiyon oranının sahipsiz köpeklerde barınak köpeklerine göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p <0,001, OR = 5,04). İki yaşından büyük köpeklerde enfeksiyon oranı %21,21 (14/66) iken iki yaşından küçük köpeklerde %11,58 (19/164) olarak bulunmuş, ancak bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p> 0,05, OR = 2,05). Dişi köpeklerde enfeksiyon oranı %17,35 (21/127), erkek köpeklerde ise %11,65 (12/103) olarak belirlenmiş ve cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p > 0,05). Diyareli köpeklerde enfeksiyon oranı %25,89 (29/112) iken diyare göstermeyen köpeklerde bu oran %3,38 (4/118) olarak saptanmıştır. Diyareli köpeklerde enfeksiyon oranının diyare göstermeyen köpeklere göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p < 0,001, OR = 9,96). Bu çalışma, Van ilindeki köpeklerde zoonotik assemblage B grubuna ait G. duodenalis izolatının bildirildiği ilk çalışmadır.

Keywords

Giardia duodenalis, Köpek, β-giardin, Türkiye, moleküler karakterizasyon

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik onay, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Hayvan Deneyleri Yerel Etik Kurulu'ndan 20230106 protokol numarası ile alınmıştır.

Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis

Abstract

Giardia duodenalis is an intestinal protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans and dogs. This study aimed to determine prevalence of G. Duodenalis in stray and shelter dogs in Van province, Türkiye, and to perform molecular characterization of the isolates based on the β-giardin gene. Following DNA extraction from from fecal samples, the β-giardin gene region was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The infection rate was 7.23% in shelter dogs and 28.20% in stray dogs. Sequence analysis of the β-giardin gene revealed that six isolates (18.18%) belonged to assemblage B, 10 (30.30%) to assemblage C, 14 (42.42%) to assemblage D, and three (9.09%) to assemblage E. The infection rate was significantly higher in stray dogs than in shelter dogs (*p* <.001, OR = 5.04). The infection rate in dogs older than 2 years was 21.21% (14/66), whereas it was 11.58% (19/164) in dogs younger than 2 years; however, this difference was not statistically significant (*p* > .05, OR = 2.05). The infection rate in females was 17.35% (21/127 while it was 11.65% (12/103), and the difference between sexes was not statistically significant (*p* > .05). The infection rate in dogs with diarrhea was 25.89% (29/112), whereas in non-diarrheic dogs it was 3.38% (4/118). A significantly higher infection rate was detected in dogs with diarrhea compared to non-diarrheic dogs (p < .001, OR = 9.96). This study represents the first report of the zoonotic assemblage B of G. duodenalis in dogs from Van province, Türkiye.

Keywords

Giardia duodenalis, dog, β-giardin, Turkey, molecular characterization, Türkiye

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee with protocol number 20230106.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Zoology (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ali Bilgin Yılmaz ^*
0000-0003-0749-2418
Türkiye

Publication Date

July 22, 2026

Submission Date

February 9, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 7, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.57244/dfbd.1885124

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA76RM74ZS

APA

Yılmaz, A. B. (2026). Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.57244/dfbd.1885124

AMA

1.Yılmaz AB. Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;9(1):1-9. doi:10.57244/dfbd.1885124

Chicago

Yılmaz, Ali Bilgin. 2026. “Prevalence of Giardia Duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis”. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 9 (1): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.57244/dfbd.1885124.

EndNote

Yılmaz AB (July 1, 2026) Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 9 1 1–9.

IEEE

[1]A. B. Yılmaz, “Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis”, Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–9, July 2026, doi: 10.57244/dfbd.1885124.

ISNAD

Yılmaz, Ali Bilgin. “Prevalence of Giardia Duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis”. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 9/1 (July 1, 2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.57244/dfbd.1885124.

JAMA

1.Yılmaz AB. Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;9:1–9.

MLA

Yılmaz, Ali Bilgin. “Prevalence of Giardia Duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis”. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, July 2026, pp. 1-9, doi:10.57244/dfbd.1885124.

Vancouver

1.Ali Bilgin Yılmaz. Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis. Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026 Jul. 1;9(1):1-9. doi:10.57244/dfbd.1885124

Van’daki Sokak ve Barınak Köpeklerinde Giardia duodenalis Yaygınlığı ve İzolatların β-Giardin Gen Filogenetik Analizine Dayalı Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in Stray and Shelter Dogs of Van and Molecular Characterization of Isolates Based on β-Giardin Gene Phylogenetic Analysis

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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