Investigation of the effects of abdominal aortic calcification on mortality in spinal surgery

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to show the effect of the presence of AAC on mortality after lumbar degenerative disc surgery and to determine whether it is a predictor of survival. Methods: Between 2014 and 2016, abdominal aortic calcifications were recorded by grade in patients who underwent surgery for degenerative lumbar disc herniation and therefore underwent updated lumbar CT. In addition to the demographic data of these patients, ASA scores were also recorded and these scores were statistically compared. Results: The age of the patients in the Advanced Calcification group was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in the Mild Calcification group. The ASA score in the Advanced Calcification group was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the Mild Calcification group. . Ex rate in the Advanced Calcification group was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the Mild Calcification group. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between the degree of abdominal aortic calcifications and patient survival. This relationship is thought to be an important guiding scoring for spinal surgeons in the preoperative preparation phase.

Keywords

• Abdominal aortic calcification
• survey
• lumbar degenerative disc surgery
• lumbar tomography
• ASA score

References

1. 1.Allam A. H. A., Al-Adawy, H. M. R., El-Gamasy, A. S., et al. Is coronary calcium scoring too late? Total bodyarterial calcium burden in patients without knownCAD and normal MPI. J. Nucl. Cardiol.2018;25(6):1990–1998. doi: 10.1007/S12350-017-0925-9.
2. 2.Leow K., Wong C. C., Loh K. P., et al. Prognostic valueof abdominal aortic calcification: A systematic reviewand meta-analysis of observational studies. J. Am.Heart Assoc. 2021;10(2):1–19. doi:10.1161/JAHA.120.017205.
3. 3.Szulc P. Abdominal aortic calcification: A reappraisalof epidemiological and pathophysiological data. Bone.2016;84:25–37. doi: 10.1016/J.BONE.2015.12.004.
4. 4.Majjad A., Leopold J. A., Barinas-Mitchell E., et al.Relationship between vertebral fracture prevalenceand abdominal aortic calcification in women withrheumatoid arthritis. Bone. 2020;141. doi:10.1016/J.BONE.2020.115599.
5. 5.Sakaura H., Miwa T., Kuroda Y., & Ohwada T. Surgicaloutcomes after laminoplasty for cervical spondyloticmyelopathy in patients with renal dysfunction and/oraortic arch calcification. J. Neurosurg. Spine.2016;25(4):444–447. doi:10.3171/2016.3.SPINE151411.
6. 6.Sakaura H., Tanaka M., Nagamoto Y., & et al. Doesatherosclerosis have negative impacts on earlyadjacent segment degeneration after posterior lumbar interbody fusion? Global Spine J. 2021;11(5):674–678. doi: 10.1177/2192568220919370.
7. 7.Westermann L., van der Sijp J. R., Versteeg A. L., et al.Quality of life and functional outcomes after surgeryfor spinal metastases: Results of a cohort study.Technol. Health Care. 2020;28(3):303–314. doi:10.3233/THC-191727.
8. 8.Lee C. K., Jung S. M., Lee J. H., et al. Development andvalidation of a deep neural network model forprediction of postoperative in-hospital mortality.Anesthesiology. 2018;129(4):649–662. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002186.

9. 9. Kim J. Y., Lee J. Y., Kang M. S., & et al. Prediction of riskfactors after spine surgery in patients aged >75 yearsusing the modified frailty index. J. Korean Neurosurg.Soc. 2020;63(6):827–833. doi: 10.3340/JKNS.2020.0019.
10. 10.Szulc P., Boutroy S., Bouxsein M. L., & et al. High hipfracture risk in men with severe aortic calcification:MrOS study. J. Bone Miner. Res. 2014;29(4):968–975.doi: 10.1002/JBMR.2085.
11. 11.Jadidi M., Wittfeld C., Meyer C., & et al. Calcificationprevalence in different vascular zones and itsassociation with demographics, risk factors, andmorphometry. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2023.doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2021.
12. 12.Vos A., Koppes B. M. L., van de Laarschot D. M. A., &et al. Aortic calcification: A postmortem CT validationstudy in a middle-aged population. Eur. J. Radiol.2023;159. doi: 10.1016/J.EJRAD.2023.110687.
13. 13.Jia J., Gu C., Karmin O., & et al. Association betweenhealthy eating index-2015 and abdominal aorticcalcification among US adults. Front. Nutr. 2023;9. doi:10.3389/FNUT.2022.1027136.
14. 14.Graumam R. Q., Santos L. S., Silveira G. M. F., & et al.High rate of abdominal aortic calcification in COPDpatients and its relationship with musculoskeletalfragility. Osteoporos Int. 2023;34(1):69–79. doi:10.1007/S00198-022-06513-9.
15. 15.Efe D., Özsoy H. D., Bayir A., & et al. Investigation ofrelation between abdominal aortic calcium score andrenal stone via multislice computed tomography. DicleMed. J. 2022;49(1):77–84.doi:10.5798/dicletip.1086215.
16. 16.Qin Z., Fang L., Zhang M., & et al. Higher visceraladiposity index is associated with increased likelihoodof abdominal aortic calcification. Clin Spine Surg.2022;35(6):E304-E308. doi:10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100114.
17. 17.Bai J., Zou L., Huang Z., & et al. Abdominal aorticcalcification score can predict all-cause andcardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysispatients. Ren. Fail. 2023;45(1):2158869. doi:10.1080/0886022X.2022.2158869.
18. 18.Rodondi N., Taylor B. C., Bauer D. C., & et al.Association between aortic calcification and total andcardiovascular mortality in older women. J. Intern.Med. 2007;261(3):238–244. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2796.2007.01769.X.
19. 19.Yang X., Yuan J., Zhang W., & et al. Associationbetween urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons and severe abdominal aorticcalcification in adults: Data from the National Healthand Examination Nutrition Survey. BMCCardiovascDisord. 2023;23(1):1–8. doi:10.1186/S12872-023-03122-0.
20. 20.Kanbay M., Afsar B.,Dagel T., & et al. Thepathophysiology and management of vascularcalcification in chronic kidney disease patients. ExpertRev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 2023;21(2):75–85. doi:10.1080/14779072.2023.2174525.
21. 21.Teh R., Schramm K., Koh M., & et al. Abdominalaortic calcification, cardiac troponin I andatherosclerotic vascular disease mortality in olderwomen. Heart. 2022;108(16):1274–1280. doi:10.1136/HEARTJNL-2021-319879.
22. 22.Kato T., Fujin, K., Tsujita Y., & et al. Impact ofabdominal aortic calcification on 90-day mortality insepsis patients: A pilot retrospective cohort study.Acute Med Surg. 2021;8(1):e630. doi:10.1002/AMS2.630.
23. 23.Makarova Y. A., Ryabkova V. A., Salukhov V. V., & etal. Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders andCOVID-19: Comorbid pathogenesis. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland). 2023;13(3). doi:10.3390/DIAGNOSTICS13030478