The Effect of Blood Base Deficit on Neonatal Convulsions and Amplitude Electroencephalography Measurements in Perinatal Asphyxia

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of blood pH levels and base deficit on neonatal convulsions and amplitude electroencephalography measurements in patients with perinatal asphyxia. Methods: This study included 102 patients monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit for perinatal asphyxia. Amplitude electroencephalography measurements and convulsions were recorded from all patients for 80 hours. Blood samples were taken in the umbilical artery for the pH analysis and calculation of base deficit. Results: The mean gestational age was 38.13±1.30 weeks with 66/36 (64.7% / 35.3%), male/female ratio. Fifty-seven (55.9%) babies were delivered by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery, while 45 patients (44.1%) had a history of cesarean delivery. There were significant differences between the mean base deficit and amplitude electroencephalography recordings at the first 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours (KW=32.819, p<0.001; KW=23.687, p<0.001, and KW=24.992, p<0.001, respectively). Sixty-five (63.7%) of the patients had neonatal convulsions. The mean base deficit was 20.64±4.70 mmol/L and 17.48±2.92 mmol/L in patients with and without seizures, respectively. The mean base deficit was significantly higher in patients with neonatal seizures (Z=3.912; p=0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed patients with abnormal amplitude electroencephalography findings and epileptic electrical activity were found to have higher base deficits at the time of diagnosis. It suggests that high base deficit levels may have a negative effect on the neurodevelopmental process in the neonatal period.

Keywords

• Amplitude electroencephalography
• base deficit
• convulsion
• perinatal asphyxia

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