Toxoplasma, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence and Distribution by Age in Pregnant Women in Diyarbakir: Eight Years Experience

Abstract

Objective: Toxoplasma, rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections can cause malformations in the fetus, usually in the first three months of pregnancy. In this study, we aimed to examine the distribution of Immunoglobulin M (IgM) type and immunoglobulin G (IgG) type antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella and CMV in pregnant women in XXX over an 8-year period according to age groups. Methods: Pregnant women aged 15-49 years who applied to our hospital between 2015-2022 were included in this study. IgM and IgG antibodies for toxoplasma, rubella and CMV were studied with the Triturus automatic ELISA (Grifols SA, Barcelona, Spain) system and the Dia. ProDiagnostic Bioprobes (Milan, Italy) brand kit. Relationships between age groups and antibody seropositivity were investigated with the chi-square method at the p<0.05 significance level. Results: IgM and IgG positivity values were 170 (0.8%) and 4455 (35.2%) for toxoplasma, 12 (0.1%) and 8711 (91.2%) for rubella, and 133 (1.5%) for CMV and 5012 (98.7%). While there was a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 233.250, p = 0.00) in the distribution of toxoplasma IgG seropositivity according to age groups, there was no significant difference in the distribution of other antibodies. Conclusion: There was a high rate of CMV and rubella seropositivity in pregnant women in our region. Toxoplasma IgG seropositivity was found to increase with age. However, seronegativity rates were still high. For this reason, pregnant women should continue to be screened, parasite vaccinations of pets should not be neglected, and seronegative pregnant women should stay away from undercooked meat and vegetables.

Keywords

• Pregnancy
• Seroprevalence
• Toxoplasma
• Rubella
• Cytomegalovirus

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