Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Assessment of Gadoteric Acid in Breast Cancer Cells

Abstract

Background: Gadoteric acid is utilized in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a paramagnetic macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in breast cancer patients. However, in parallel with its diagnostic and prognostic use, the effect of gadoteric acid on MCF-7 cells has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to examine the cytogenotoxic effects of gadoteric acid on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: MCF-7 cells were incubated with gadoteric acid (0.1-100 mM). The cytotoxic effect was examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The DNA damage effect of gadoteric acid on breast cancer cells by incubation at multiples of IC50 (1.84 mM, 3.67 mM, 7.35 mM, and 14.7 mM) was examined by Comet assay. Results: Gadoteric acid (1-100 mM) significantly increased cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Gadoteric acid (1.84 mM, 3.67 mM, 7.35 mM, and 14.7 mM) dramatically increased genotoxicity in breast cancer cells (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that gadoteric acid, which is used for diagnostic purposes in breast cancer, shows cytogenotoxic effect in MCF-7 cells under in vitro conditions. Our findings constitute the basic stepping stone for further studies in terms of therapeutic potential and additional studies are needed for clinical relevance.

Keywords

• MCF-7 cell
• Gadoteric acid
• Cytotoxicity
• Genotoxicity
• Breast cancer

Gadoterı̇k Ası̇dı̇n Meme Kanserı̇ Hücrelerı̇nde Sı̇totoksı̇sı̇te ve Genotoksı̇sı̇te Değerlendı̇rmesı̇

Abstract

Giriş: Gadoterik asit, meme kanseri hastalarında paramanyetik makrosiklik gadolinyum bazlı kontrast madde (GBKA) olarak manyetik rezonans görüntülemede (MRG) kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, tanısal ve prognostik kullanımına paralel olarak, gadoterik asidin MCF-7 hücreleri üzerindeki etkisi henüz gösterilmemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gadoterik asidin MCF-7 meme kanseri hücreleri üzerindeki sitogenotoksik etkilerini incelemektir. Yöntemler: MCF-7 hücreleri gadoterik asit (0.1-100 mM) ile inkübe edilmiştir. Sitotoksik etki 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) testi ile incelenmiştir. Gadoterik asidin meme kanseri hücreleri üzerindeki DNA hasarı etkisi IC50'nin katlarında (1.84 mM, 3.67 mM, 7.35 mM ve 14.7 mM) inkübasyon ile Comet testi ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Gadoterik asit (1-100 mM) MCF-7 meme kanseri hücrelerinde sitotoksisiteyi önemli ölçüde artırmıştır (sırasıyla p < 0.001, p < 0.0001 ve p < 0.0001). Gadoterik asit (1.84 mM, 3.67 mM, 7.35 mM ve 14.7 mM) meme kanseri hücrelerinde genotoksisiteyi önemli ölçüde artırmıştır (sırasıyla p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01 ve p < 0.01). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları, meme kanserinde tanı amaçlı kullanılan gadoterik asidin in vitro koşullarda MCF-7 hücrelerinde sitogenotoksik etki gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgularımız terapötik potansiyel açısından ileri çalışmalar için temel basamak teşkil etmekte olup klinik uygunluk için ek çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

• MCF-7 hücresi;
• Gadoterik asit;
• Sitotoksisite;
• Genotoksisite;
• Meme kanseri.

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