Protein expression changes in breast cancer and their importance

Abstract

Studies about nucleic acids have increased after the publication of DNA\'s three dimensional structure by Wat­son and Crick. Nucleic acids are the heritable molecules which contain codes for proteins. Proteins are the most important elements in molecular world because they are the basic structural and functional components of a living organism. Clarifying the celluler events that involve pro­teins are important in many areas for example diagnosis and treatment determination of diseases or development of new drugs. Proteome that comes from a combination of the terms protein and genome, is one of the important field in these days. The studies in this area have accel­erated and gained a different place especially with after the completion of human genome project. In synthesis of a protein just only genetic information is not enough. At the same time the change or changes of a protein after the synthesis, the final version and transporting to final localization of it also important. Because having defects in mailing cells of breast cancer, the first targets of treatment must be proteins. In this way the studies on proteins are important to determine prognostic and diagnostic disease markers and also significant for identifying new treatment strategies.

Keywords

• Genom, proteom, breast cancer

Meme kanserinde protein ekspresyon değişimleri ve önemi

Abstract

Nükleik asitlerle ilgili çalışmalar, Watson ve Crick\'in DNA\'nın üç boyutlu yapısını yayınladıktan sonra artmış­tır. Nükleik asitler kalıtsal moleküllerdir ve proteinlere ait şifreleri taşıyan moleküllerdir. Proteinler; canlı materya­lin yapı ve işlevinde temel olan, moleküler dünyanın en önemli elemanlarındandır. Proteinlerin yer aldığı hücresel olayların aydınlatılması da birçok alanda önem taşımak­tadır. Hastalıkların tanısı, tedavilerin belirlenmesi ve yeni ilaçların geliştirilebilmesi bu açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Proteom, protein ve genom terimlerinin birleşimi olup; son zamanlarda üzerinde durulan önemli çalışma alan­larından biridir. Bu alandaki çalışmalar özellikle insan genom projesinin tamamlanmasıyla hız kazanmış, bu projeden elde edilen bilgilerle farklı bir boyut kazanmıştır. Bir proteinin sentezlenmesinde sadece genetik bilgi ye­terli değildir. Aynı zamanda protein sentezlendikten son­ra, kendine uygun son halini kazanmak için değişim veya değişimlere uğrayarak son halini almasında ve hücrede görev yapacağı yere taşınmasında önem taşımaktadır. Meme kanserindeki malign hücrelerde defektler olduğun­dan, tedavisinde ilk hedef proteinlerdir. Bu nedenle bu ça­lışmalar, diyagnostik ve prognostik hastalık belirteçlerinin tanımlanmasına ve yeni tedavi stratejilerinin belirlenmesi­ni sağlayabilir.

Keywords

• Genom, proteom, meme kanseri

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