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Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey

Year 2016, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 99 - 106, 01.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the predictive power of anthropometric indices for risk of developing Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) or CHD death.
Methods: We used cross-sectional data from nationally representative Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health in 2011. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI) formed the anthropometric measures. For each participant risk of developing CHD or dying from CVDs were calculated based on Framingham and SCORE risk equations. Predictive ability of anthropometric measurements was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results: Anthropometric measurements of central obesity recorded higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) values than BMI in both men and women. While ABSI had the highest AUC values for Framingham 10-year predicted risk (FRS) for CHD death (AUC = 0.613), SCORE 10-year risk for CVD death (AUC = 0.633), in women AUC for ABSI was the highest for only SCORE risk threshold (AUC = 0.705). Among women, WHtR was found to be the best indicator for estimating CHD incidence (AUC = 0.706) and death from CVD (AUC = 0.696).
Conclusion: Compared to traditional anthropometric measurements such as BMI, ABSI was a better indicator for given thresholds for estimating the risk of developing CHD and CVD death in men. Among women WHtR made better predictions for FRS thresholds, however, ABSI was better for predicting 10-year risk of CVD death calculated by SCORE risk equation.
Key words: Obesity, Framingham risk score, coronary heart disease

References

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  • [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/]
  • Klein S, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, et al. Waist circumference
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  • prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013;28:169-180.
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  • Conroy RM, Pyorala K, Fitzgerald AP, et al. Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J 2003, 24:987-1003.
  • Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better
  • screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2012;13:275-286.
  • Bergman RN, Stefanovski D, Buchanan TA, et al. A better index of body adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011;19:1083-1089.
  • Krakauer NY, Krakauer JC. A new body shape index predicts
  • mortality hazard independently of body mass index. PLoS One. 2012;7:e39504.
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  • Türkiye Kronik Hastalıklar ve Risk Faktörleri Sıklığı Çalışması, Sağlık Bakanlığı, Ankara 2013;909
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  • Freedman DS, Ogden CL, Goodman AB, et al. Skinfolds and coronary heart disease risk factors are more strongly associated with BMI than with the body adiposity index. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:E64-70.
  • Balkau B, Deanfield JE, Després J-P, et al. International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA): a study of waist circumference, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus in 168,000 primary care patients in 63 countries. Circulation 2007;116:1942-1951.
  • Winter Y, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, et al. Contribution of obesity and abdominal fat mass to risk of stroke and transient ischemic attacks. Stroke. 2008;39:3145-3151.
  • Taylor AE, Ebrahim S, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. Comparison of the associations of body mass index and measures of central adiposity and fat mass with coronary heart disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a study using data from 4 UK cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:547-556.
  • Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Larsson B, et al. Distribution of adipose tissue and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a 12 year follow up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984;289:1257-1261.
  • Pischon T, Boeing H, Hoffmann K, et al. General and abdominal
  • adiposity and risk of death in Europe. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2105-2120.
  • Browning LM, Hsieh SD, Ashwell M. A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0.5 could be a suitable global boundary value. Nutr Res Rev 2010;23:247-269.
  • Can AS, Bersot TP, Gonen M et al. Anthropometric indices and
  • their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in a sample of Turkish adults. Public Health Nutr 2009;12:538-546.
  • Bennasar-Veny M, Lopez-Gonzalez AA, Tauler P, et al. Body Adiposity Index and Cardiovascular Health Risk Factors in Caucasians: A Comparison with the Body Mass Index and Others. PLoS ONE 2013;8:e63999.
  • Dhaliwal SS, Welborn TA, Goh LG, et al. Obesity as assessed
  • by body adiposity index and multivariable cardiovascular disease risk. PLoS One 2014;9:e94560.
  • Haghighatdoost F, Sarrafzadegan N, Mohammadifard N, et al. Assessing body shape index as a risk predictor for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults. Nutrition 2014;30:636-644.
Year 2016, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 99 - 106, 01.03.2016
https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646

Abstract

References

  • Obesity and overweight. Secondary obesity and overweight
  • [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/]
  • Klein S, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, et al. Waist circumference
  • and cardiometabolic risk: a consensus statement from Shaping America’s Health: Association for Weight Management and Obesity Prevention; NAASO, The Obesity Society; the American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:1197-1202.
  • Stevens GA, Singh GM, Lu Y, et al. National, regional, and global trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalences. Popul Health Metr 2012;10:22.
  • Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y et al. Twelve-year trends in the
  • prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013;28:169-180.
  • Nelson MR. Management of high blood pressure in those without overt cardiovascular disease utilizing absolute risk scores. Int J Hypertension 2011;21:235-340.
  • Conroy RM, Pyorala K, Fitzgerald AP, et al. Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J 2003, 24:987-1003.
  • Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better
  • screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2012;13:275-286.
  • Bergman RN, Stefanovski D, Buchanan TA, et al. A better index of body adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011;19:1083-1089.
  • Krakauer NY, Krakauer JC. A new body shape index predicts
  • mortality hazard independently of body mass index. PLoS One. 2012;7:e39504.
  • Meseri R, Ucku R, Unal B. Waist:height ratio: a superior index in estimating cardiovascular risks in Turkish adults. Public Health Nutr 2014;17:2246-2252.
  • Türkiye Kronik Hastalıklar ve Risk Faktörleri Sıklığı Çalışması, Sağlık Bakanlığı, Ankara 2013;909
  • Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, et al. 2007 Guidelines
  • for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007;25:1105-1187.
  • Wilson PW, D’Agostino RB, Levy D, et al. Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation. 1998;97:1837-1847.
  • Freedman DS, Ogden CL, Goodman AB, et al. Skinfolds and coronary heart disease risk factors are more strongly associated with BMI than with the body adiposity index. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:E64-70.
  • Balkau B, Deanfield JE, Després J-P, et al. International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA): a study of waist circumference, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus in 168,000 primary care patients in 63 countries. Circulation 2007;116:1942-1951.
  • Winter Y, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, et al. Contribution of obesity and abdominal fat mass to risk of stroke and transient ischemic attacks. Stroke. 2008;39:3145-3151.
  • Taylor AE, Ebrahim S, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. Comparison of the associations of body mass index and measures of central adiposity and fat mass with coronary heart disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a study using data from 4 UK cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:547-556.
  • Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Larsson B, et al. Distribution of adipose tissue and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a 12 year follow up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984;289:1257-1261.
  • Pischon T, Boeing H, Hoffmann K, et al. General and abdominal
  • adiposity and risk of death in Europe. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2105-2120.
  • Browning LM, Hsieh SD, Ashwell M. A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0.5 could be a suitable global boundary value. Nutr Res Rev 2010;23:247-269.
  • Can AS, Bersot TP, Gonen M et al. Anthropometric indices and
  • their relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in a sample of Turkish adults. Public Health Nutr 2009;12:538-546.
  • Bennasar-Veny M, Lopez-Gonzalez AA, Tauler P, et al. Body Adiposity Index and Cardiovascular Health Risk Factors in Caucasians: A Comparison with the Body Mass Index and Others. PLoS ONE 2013;8:e63999.
  • Dhaliwal SS, Welborn TA, Goh LG, et al. Obesity as assessed
  • by body adiposity index and multivariable cardiovascular disease risk. PLoS One 2014;9:e94560.
  • Haghighatdoost F, Sarrafzadegan N, Mohammadifard N, et al. Assessing body shape index as a risk predictor for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults. Nutrition 2014;30:636-644.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kaan Sözmen This is me

Belgin Ünal This is me

Sibel Sakarya This is me

Gönül Dinç This is me

Nazan Yardım This is me

Bekir Keskinkılıç This is me

Gül Ergör This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2016
Submission Date March 29, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 43 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sözmen, K., Ünal, B., Sakarya, S., Dinç, G., et al. (2016). Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 43(1), 99-106. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646
AMA Sözmen K, Ünal B, Sakarya S, Dinç G, Yardım N, Keskinkılıç B, Ergör G. Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey. diclemedj. March 2016;43(1):99-106. doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646
Chicago Sözmen, Kaan, Belgin Ünal, Sibel Sakarya, Gönül Dinç, Nazan Yardım, Bekir Keskinkılıç, and Gül Ergör. “Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods With Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 43, no. 1 (March 2016): 99-106. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646.
EndNote Sözmen K, Ünal B, Sakarya S, Dinç G, Yardım N, Keskinkılıç B, Ergör G (March 1, 2016) Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 43 1 99–106.
IEEE K. Sözmen, “Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey”, diclemedj, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 99–106, 2016, doi: 10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646.
ISNAD Sözmen, Kaan et al. “Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods With Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 43/1 (March 2016), 99-106. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646.
JAMA Sözmen K, Ünal B, Sakarya S, Dinç G, Yardım N, Keskinkılıç B, Ergör G. Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey. diclemedj. 2016;43:99–106.
MLA Sözmen, Kaan et al. “Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods With Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, vol. 43, no. 1, 2016, pp. 99-106, doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2016.01.0646.
Vancouver Sözmen K, Ünal B, Sakarya S, Dinç G, Yardım N, Keskinkılıç B, Ergör G. Association of Anthropometric Measurement Methods with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Turkey. diclemedj. 2016;43(1):99-106.

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