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Interpretation of automated blood cell counts

Year 2013, Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 521 - 528, 01.09.2013
https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326

Abstract

Complete blood count (CBC) tests are rapid, inexpensive and universally available, and often aid primary clinicians with decision making about patients with several disorders. Thus the rapid availability of the results of CBC could provide considerable advantage for both patients and clinicians. Furthermore, physicians can also avoid unnecessary peripheral blood smear examination using CBC parameters. Many hematology analyzers, which enabled us simultaneously, measure several different CBC parameters, are available for early diagnosis. Herein the impact of both pre and post analytic variations on the interpretation of the CBC results with case reports are reviewed in the light of the latest literature.

References

  • Burns C. Automation in Hematology. In: McKenzie SB, ed. Clinical Laboratory Hematology. New Jersey, Pearson Edu- cation, 2004:815-857.
  • Bentley SA, Johnson A, Bishop CA. A parallel evaluation of four automated hematology analysers. Am J Clin Pathol 1993;100:626-632.
  • Buttarello M. Quality specification in haematology: the au- tomated blood cell count. Clin Chim Acta 2004;346:45-54.
  • Zandecki M, Genevieve F, Gerard J, Godon A.Spurious counts and spurious results on haematology analysers: a review. Part I: platelets. Int J Lab Hematol 2007;29:4-20.
  • Zandecki M, Genevieve F, Gerard J, Godon A.Spurious counts and spurious results on haematology analysers: a review. Part II: white blood cells, red blood cells, haemo- globin, red cell indices and reticulocytes. Int J Lab Hematol 2007;29:21-41.
  • Papa F, Rongioletti M, Ventura MD, et al. Blood cell count- ing in neonates: a comparison between a low volume mi- cromethod and the standard laboratory method. Blood Transfus 2011;9:400-406.
  • Van Cott EM, Lewandrowski KB, Patel S, et al. Comparison of glass K3EDTA versus plastic K2EDTA blood drawing tubes for complete blood counts, reticulocyte counts and white blood cell differentials. Lab Hematol 2003;9:10-14.
  • Wood BL, Andrews J, Miller S, Sabath DE. Refriger- ated storage improves the stability of the complete blood cell count and automated differential. Am J Clin Pathol 1999;112:687-695.
  • Gulati GL, Hyland LJ, Kocher W, Schwarting R. Changes in automated complete blood cell count and differential leu- kocyte count results induced by storage of blood at room temperature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:336-342.
  • Mannucci L, Redaelli R, Tremoli E. Effects of aggregating agents and of blood cells on the aggregation of whole blood by impedance technique. Thromb Res 1988;52:143-151.
  • Sanzari M, De Toni S, D’Osualdo A, et al. Complete ana- lytical and diagnostic performances of the Abbott Cell Dyn 3500. Panminerva Med 1998;40:116-125.
  • Briggs C, Carter J, Lee HS, et al. International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) guideline for worldwide point-of-care testing in haematology with spe- cial reference to the complete blood count. Int J Lab Hem 2008;30:105-116.
  • Barnes PW, McFadden SL, Machin SJ, Simson E, Interna- tional consensus group for hematology. The international consensus group for hematology review: suggested criteria for action following automated CBC and WBC differential analysis. Lab Hematol 2005;11:83-90.
  • Kickler TS. Clinical analyzers. Advances in automated cell counting. Anal Chem 1999;71:363-365.
  • Hedberg P, Lehto T. Aging stability of complete blood count and white blood cell differential parameters analyzed by Abbott CELL-DYN Sapphire hematology analyzer. Int J Lab Hematol 2009:31;87-96.
  • Geaghan SM. Hematologic values and appearances in the healthy fetus, neonate, and child. Clin Lab Med 1999;19:1-37.
  • Dallman PR: In Rudolph A, ed: Pediatrics, 16 th ed. Newy- ork, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1977:1111-1178.
  • Ryan DH. Examination of the Blood. In:Beutler E, Licht- man MA, Coller BS, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U, eds. Williams Hematology. 6 th ed.United States of America. McGraw Hill, 2001:9-16.
  • Brugnara C, Oski FA, Nathan DG. Diagnostic approach to the anemic patients. In: Orkin SH, Nathan DG, Ginburg D, Look AT, Fisher DE, Lux SE (eds). Nathan and Oski’s He- matology of Infancy and Childhood. 7th ed.Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier, 2009:455-466.
  • Proytcheva MA. Issues in Neonatal Cellular Analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;131:560-573.
  • Spellacy WN, Gilbert-Barness E, Tsibris JC, Downes KL. Umblical cord knots and cord blood gases, erythropoietin and nucleated red blood cells levels: a study of possible chronic fetal hypoxia. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2013;32:158-161.
  • Granzotto J, Estol P, Piriz H, et al. Oxygen transport in newborns at different gestational ages. J Perinat Med 1991;19:477-483.
  • Rice L, Alfrey CP. The negative regulation of red cell mass by neocytolysis: physiologic and pathophysiologic mani- festations. Cell Physiol Biochem 2005;15:245-250.
  • Meyer R. Infant feeding in the first year. 2: feeding practices from 6-12 months of life. J Fam Health Care 2009;19:47- 50.
  • Kohli-Kumar M. Screening for anemia in children: AAP recommendations-a critique. Pediatrics 2001;108:156.
  • Coad J, Conlon C. Iron deficiency in women: assessment, causes and consequences. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011;14:625-634.
  • Anttila R, Koistinen R, Seppala M, et al. Insulin like growth factor I and insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 as determinants of blood hemoglobin concentration in healthy subjects. Pediatr Res 1994;36:745-748.
  • Shende A. Disorders of the white blood cells. In: Lanz- kowsky P, ed. Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncol- ogy. 4th ed. San Diego, California.2005:209.
  • Ishii E, Masuyama T, Yamaguchi H, et al. Production and expression of granulocyte and macrophage colony stimu- lating factors in newborns: their roles in leukocytosis at birth. Acta Haematol 1995;94:23-31.
  • Martino DJ, Tulic MK, Gordon L, et al. Evidence for age related and individual specific changes in DNA methylation profile of mononuclear cells during early immune develop- ment in humans. Epigenetics 2011;6:1085-1094.
  • Lambert MP, Poncz M. Inherited platelet disorders. In: Orkin SH, Nathan DG, Ginburg D, Look AT, Fisher DE, Lux SE, eds. Nathan and Oski’s Hematology of Infancy and Childhood. 7th ed. Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier, 2009:1463-1483.
  • Aygun B. Disorders of platelet. In: Lanzkowsky P, ed. Man- ual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. fourth ed. San Diego, California.2005:250.

Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması

Year 2013, Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 521 - 528, 01.09.2013
https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326

Abstract

Tam kan sayımı (TKS) testleri hızlı, ucuz ve evrensel olarak kullanılmakta ve çeşitli hastalıklara sahip hastalarda karar aşamasında sorumlu hekime sıklıkla yardımcı olmaktadır. Böylece TKS sonuçlarının hızlı tetkik edilmesi hem hekimler hem de hastalar için önemli bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca hekimler TKS parametrelerini kullanarak gereksiz periferik yayma incelemesinden de kaçınabilirler. Çoğu hematoloji cihazlarında aynı anda pek çok parametre değerlendirilerek erken tanı için kullanılabilir. Bu yazıda olgu sunumları ile birlikte TKS sonuçlarının yorumları hakkında en son literatür ışığında analiz öncesi ve sonrası değişkenlerin etkisi gözden geçirilmiştir.

References

  • Burns C. Automation in Hematology. In: McKenzie SB, ed. Clinical Laboratory Hematology. New Jersey, Pearson Edu- cation, 2004:815-857.
  • Bentley SA, Johnson A, Bishop CA. A parallel evaluation of four automated hematology analysers. Am J Clin Pathol 1993;100:626-632.
  • Buttarello M. Quality specification in haematology: the au- tomated blood cell count. Clin Chim Acta 2004;346:45-54.
  • Zandecki M, Genevieve F, Gerard J, Godon A.Spurious counts and spurious results on haematology analysers: a review. Part I: platelets. Int J Lab Hematol 2007;29:4-20.
  • Zandecki M, Genevieve F, Gerard J, Godon A.Spurious counts and spurious results on haematology analysers: a review. Part II: white blood cells, red blood cells, haemo- globin, red cell indices and reticulocytes. Int J Lab Hematol 2007;29:21-41.
  • Papa F, Rongioletti M, Ventura MD, et al. Blood cell count- ing in neonates: a comparison between a low volume mi- cromethod and the standard laboratory method. Blood Transfus 2011;9:400-406.
  • Van Cott EM, Lewandrowski KB, Patel S, et al. Comparison of glass K3EDTA versus plastic K2EDTA blood drawing tubes for complete blood counts, reticulocyte counts and white blood cell differentials. Lab Hematol 2003;9:10-14.
  • Wood BL, Andrews J, Miller S, Sabath DE. Refriger- ated storage improves the stability of the complete blood cell count and automated differential. Am J Clin Pathol 1999;112:687-695.
  • Gulati GL, Hyland LJ, Kocher W, Schwarting R. Changes in automated complete blood cell count and differential leu- kocyte count results induced by storage of blood at room temperature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:336-342.
  • Mannucci L, Redaelli R, Tremoli E. Effects of aggregating agents and of blood cells on the aggregation of whole blood by impedance technique. Thromb Res 1988;52:143-151.
  • Sanzari M, De Toni S, D’Osualdo A, et al. Complete ana- lytical and diagnostic performances of the Abbott Cell Dyn 3500. Panminerva Med 1998;40:116-125.
  • Briggs C, Carter J, Lee HS, et al. International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) guideline for worldwide point-of-care testing in haematology with spe- cial reference to the complete blood count. Int J Lab Hem 2008;30:105-116.
  • Barnes PW, McFadden SL, Machin SJ, Simson E, Interna- tional consensus group for hematology. The international consensus group for hematology review: suggested criteria for action following automated CBC and WBC differential analysis. Lab Hematol 2005;11:83-90.
  • Kickler TS. Clinical analyzers. Advances in automated cell counting. Anal Chem 1999;71:363-365.
  • Hedberg P, Lehto T. Aging stability of complete blood count and white blood cell differential parameters analyzed by Abbott CELL-DYN Sapphire hematology analyzer. Int J Lab Hematol 2009:31;87-96.
  • Geaghan SM. Hematologic values and appearances in the healthy fetus, neonate, and child. Clin Lab Med 1999;19:1-37.
  • Dallman PR: In Rudolph A, ed: Pediatrics, 16 th ed. Newy- ork, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1977:1111-1178.
  • Ryan DH. Examination of the Blood. In:Beutler E, Licht- man MA, Coller BS, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U, eds. Williams Hematology. 6 th ed.United States of America. McGraw Hill, 2001:9-16.
  • Brugnara C, Oski FA, Nathan DG. Diagnostic approach to the anemic patients. In: Orkin SH, Nathan DG, Ginburg D, Look AT, Fisher DE, Lux SE (eds). Nathan and Oski’s He- matology of Infancy and Childhood. 7th ed.Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier, 2009:455-466.
  • Proytcheva MA. Issues in Neonatal Cellular Analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;131:560-573.
  • Spellacy WN, Gilbert-Barness E, Tsibris JC, Downes KL. Umblical cord knots and cord blood gases, erythropoietin and nucleated red blood cells levels: a study of possible chronic fetal hypoxia. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2013;32:158-161.
  • Granzotto J, Estol P, Piriz H, et al. Oxygen transport in newborns at different gestational ages. J Perinat Med 1991;19:477-483.
  • Rice L, Alfrey CP. The negative regulation of red cell mass by neocytolysis: physiologic and pathophysiologic mani- festations. Cell Physiol Biochem 2005;15:245-250.
  • Meyer R. Infant feeding in the first year. 2: feeding practices from 6-12 months of life. J Fam Health Care 2009;19:47- 50.
  • Kohli-Kumar M. Screening for anemia in children: AAP recommendations-a critique. Pediatrics 2001;108:156.
  • Coad J, Conlon C. Iron deficiency in women: assessment, causes and consequences. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011;14:625-634.
  • Anttila R, Koistinen R, Seppala M, et al. Insulin like growth factor I and insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 as determinants of blood hemoglobin concentration in healthy subjects. Pediatr Res 1994;36:745-748.
  • Shende A. Disorders of the white blood cells. In: Lanz- kowsky P, ed. Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncol- ogy. 4th ed. San Diego, California.2005:209.
  • Ishii E, Masuyama T, Yamaguchi H, et al. Production and expression of granulocyte and macrophage colony stimu- lating factors in newborns: their roles in leukocytosis at birth. Acta Haematol 1995;94:23-31.
  • Martino DJ, Tulic MK, Gordon L, et al. Evidence for age related and individual specific changes in DNA methylation profile of mononuclear cells during early immune develop- ment in humans. Epigenetics 2011;6:1085-1094.
  • Lambert MP, Poncz M. Inherited platelet disorders. In: Orkin SH, Nathan DG, Ginburg D, Look AT, Fisher DE, Lux SE, eds. Nathan and Oski’s Hematology of Infancy and Childhood. 7th ed. Philadelphia. Saunders Elsevier, 2009:1463-1483.
  • Aygun B. Disorders of platelet. In: Lanzkowsky P, ed. Man- ual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. fourth ed. San Diego, California.2005:250.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Zühre Kaya This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2013
Submission Date March 2, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 40 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kaya, Z. (2013). Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 40(3), 521-528. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326
AMA Kaya Z. Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması. diclemedj. September 2013;40(3):521-528. doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326
Chicago Kaya, Zühre. “Tam Kan sayım çıktılarının Yorumlanması”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 40, no. 3 (September 2013): 521-28. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326.
EndNote Kaya Z (September 1, 2013) Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 40 3 521–528.
IEEE Z. Kaya, “Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması”, diclemedj, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 521–528, 2013, doi: 10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326.
ISNAD Kaya, Zühre. “Tam Kan sayım çıktılarının Yorumlanması”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 40/3 (September 2013), 521-528. https://doi.org/10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326.
JAMA Kaya Z. Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması. diclemedj. 2013;40:521–528.
MLA Kaya, Zühre. “Tam Kan sayım çıktılarının Yorumlanması”. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, vol. 40, no. 3, 2013, pp. 521-8, doi:10.5798/diclemedj.0921.2013.03.0326.
Vancouver Kaya Z. Tam kan sayım çıktılarının yorumlanması. diclemedj. 2013;40(3):521-8.