Mekanik Kökenli Yutma Bozukluklarında Yutmaya Bağlı Yaşam Kalitesinin Çok Boyutlu Değerlendirilmesi

Veli Şahnalı; Müge Müzeyyen Ciyiltepe

doi:10.58563/dkyad-2026.92

EN TR

A multidimensional Analysis of Swallowing-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Machanical Dysphagia

Abstract

Purpose: Mechanical dysphagia (MD), resulting from structural changes after head and neck surgeries, affects not only swallowing efficiency but also nutritional safety, psychosocial functioning, and overall well-being. This study aimed to evaluate swallowing-related quality of life in individuals with MD using the Turkish version of the Swallowing Quality of Life Questionnaire (T-SWAL-QOL). By examining domain-specific impairments and their relationships with the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) and Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI), the study sought to provide a multidimensional understanding of how MD influences daily functioning. Methods:A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. Forty-three individuals (16 women, 27 men) diagnosed with MD following procedures such as glossectomy or partial laryngectomy participated in the study. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews using the T-SWAL-QOL, EAT-10, and DHI questionnaires. The Shapiro–Wilk test assessed normality, Spearman or Pearson correlations examined associations, and the Friedman test evaluated differences across T-SWAL-QOL subdomains. Bonferroni-corrected pairwise tests were applied when necessary. Results:T-SWAL-QOL scores ranged from 38.6 to 85.5 (M = 58.72 ± 9.67), indicating a moderate impact on swallowing-related quality of life. EAT-10 and DHI scores (20.05 ± 8.60 and 44.09 ± 21.49) demonstrated considerable variability in perceived symptom severity. Significant negative correlations were found between the T-SWAL-QOL and both the EAT-10 (r = –0.512, p < .01) and DHI (r = –0.592, p < .001), showing that increased symptom burden corresponded with reduced quality of life. The Friedman test showed significant differences among the eleven T-SWAL-QOL subdomains (χ²(10) = 116.10, p < .001). The most affected domains were "Food Selection," "Social Functioning," and "Eating Duration," while "Eating Desire," "Symptom Frequency," and "Fear" were the least impaired. Correlation analysis revealed strong inter-domain connections. The strongest association appeared between "Sleep" and "Fatigue" (r = 0.929, p < .001). The "Mental Health" domain correlated meaningfully with "Fear," "Social Functioning," and "Food Selection," indicating that MD influences not only physical capacity but also emotional resilience and social behavior. Conclusion:Mechanical dysphagia is a multidimensional condition that affects physical, social, and psychological aspects of daily life. Lower scores in "Food Selection," "Eating Duration," and "Social Functioning" highlight how MD disrupts both the nutritional and social dimensions of eating. Strong associations among "fatigue, "Sleep," and "Mental Health" reflect broader systemic consequences, including reduced motivation, emotional strain, and potential social withdrawal. Significant correlations among the T-SWAL-QOL, EAT-10, and DHI underscore the complementary value of using multiple self-report tools in dysphagia assessment. These findings emphasize the need for holistic and multidisciplinary management that integrates physiological rehabilitation with psychological support and individualized nutrition counseling. While the T-SWAL-QOL effectively identified both overall and domain-specific impairments, the relatively small postoperative sample limits generalizability; larger studies are needed to strengthen patient-centered clinical strategies.

Keywords

swallowing disorders , mechanical dysphagia , quality of life , head and neck neoplasms , partial laryngectomy , glossectomy , survey and questionnaries

Mekanik Kökenli Yutma Bozukluklarında Yutmaya Bağlı Yaşam Kalitesinin Çok Boyutlu Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, mekanik kökenli yutma bozukluğu (MKYB) tanısı almış bireylerde yaşam kalitesini Türkçe Yutma Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (T-SWAL-QOL) ölçeği ile değerlendirmeyi, alt alanlardaki etkilenim düzeylerini belirlemeyi, Yeme Değerlendirme Aracı (EAT-10) ve Disfaji Handikap İndeksi (DHİ) ile ilişkilerini incelemeyi ve T-SWAL-QOL alt alanlarının kendi aralarındaki ilişki örüntüsünü çok boyutlu biçimde ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Araştırma betimsel-kesitsel desende yürütülmüş olup çalışmaya cerrahi müdahale sonrası MKYB tanısı alan 43 birey dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara T-SWAL-QOL, EAT-10 ve DHİ ölçekleri uygulanmıştır. Analizlerde Shapiro–Wilk, t-testi, Mann–Whitney U, Friedman ve Bonferroni düzeltmeli Wilcoxon testleri ile Pearson/Spearman korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Çoklu karşılaştırmalarda Tip I hatayı kontrol etmek amacıyla anlamlılık eşiği p < .00091 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %81.4’ü EAT-10 eşik değerinin (≥ 3) üzerinde puan almış; %72.1’i ise DHİ’de orta-yüksek düzeyde handikap bildirmiştir. T-SWAL-QOL ile EAT-10 (r = -.512, p < .01) ve DHİ (r = -.592, p < .001) arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Alt alanlarda en düşük ortalamalar “Besin Seçimi” (Ort. = 50.47), “Sosyal” (Ort. = 49.40) ve “Yeme Süresi” (Ort. = 53.49) alanlarında görülmüştür. En güçlü korelasyonlar Uyku” ile “Yorgunluk” (r = .929) ve “Korku” ile “Mental Sağlık” (r = .712) arasında saptanmıştır. “Besin Seçimi”-“Yeme Süresi” (r = .606) ve “Sosyal”-“İletişim” (r = .644, tümü için p < .00091) arasındaki gibi anlamlı pozitif ilişkiler de belirlenmiştir. Yaş ve cinsiyete göre ölçek puanlarında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p > .05). Sonuç: MKYB’nin yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi yalnızca fiziksel değil; sosyal, davranışsal ve psikolojik boyutlarda da belirgindir. Özellikle “Besin Seçimi”, “Sosyal”, “Yeme Süresi”, “Mental Sağlık” ve “Genel Yakınma” alanlarının en yüksek etkilenim grubunda kümelenmesi, bu boyutların birbirini tetikleyen bir hassasiyet taşıdığına işaret etmektedir. Psikososyal alanların doğrudan fonksiyonel alanlarla aynı kümede yer alması, MKYB’nin sosyal katılımı ve duygusal tepkileri eş zamanlı olarak zedelediğini düşündürmektedir. “Mental Sağlık” ve “Korku” gibi psikolojik alanların birçok alt alanla ilişkili olması, MKYB’nin biyopsikososyal bir çerçevede ele alınması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yutma bozuklukları , mekanik kökenli yutma bozukluğu (MKYB) , yaşam kalitesi , baş ve boyun neoplazmları , parsiyel larenjektomi , glossektomi , anketler ve ölçekler

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Speech Pathology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Veli Şahnalı ^*
0000-0002-7922-698X
Türkiye

Müge Müzeyyen Ciyiltepe
0000-0003-4161-8117
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 9, 2026

Submission Date

December 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 30, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2026.92

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA28GE83YX

APA

Şahnalı, V., & Ciyiltepe, M. M. (2026). Mekanik Kökenli Yutma Bozukluklarında Yutmaya Bağlı Yaşam Kalitesinin Çok Boyutlu Değerlendirilmesi. Dil Konuşma Ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1. https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2026.92

DKYAD is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

A multidimensional Analysis of Swallowing-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Machanical Dysphagia

Abstract

Keywords

Mekanik Kökenli Yutma Bozukluklarında Yutmaya Bağlı Yaşam Kalitesinin Çok Boyutlu Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

References

Details

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Subjects

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Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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