Gelişimsel Kekemelik ve Mizaç İlişkisine Dair Derleme

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 107 - 137, 29.04.2021

Nurcan Alpüran Kocabıyık Ayşe Serra Duray

Abstract

Bu çalışmada gelişimsel kekemelik ve mizaç ilişkisine dair literatür derlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Derlemeye temel bakım verenlerin doldurduğu ölçekleri kullanan araştırmalar ve mizaç ile ilgili davranışları laboratuvar ortamında gözlem yoluyla inceleyen çalışmalar dahil edilmiştir. Son dönemlerde okul öncesi dönemde mizaç ve kekemelik arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaya artan bir ilgi vardır. Yapılan bu derleme çalışması, gelişimsel kekemelik ve mizaç ilişkisini inceleyerek alana ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Literatür incelendiğinde bazı çalışmalarda kekeleyen çocuklar ile tipik gelişim gösteren çocuklar arasında mizaç alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Geri kalan çalışmalar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda kekeleyen çocuklarda mizaçla ilgili bulgular tutarsızlık göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, kekeleyen çocuklar ile tipik gelişim gösteren akranları arasındaki mizaç farkları hakkında kesin yargılara varabilmek henüz mümkün değildir. Daha büyük katılımcılarla gerçekleştirilecek çalışmaların desteklenmesi gerektiği öngörülmüştür.

Keywords

gelişimsel kekemelik, mizaç, çocukluk çağı kekemelik, derleme, kısa mizaç ölçeği, davranış stil anketi

Review of Research: Developmental Stuttering and Temperament

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the relationship between developmental stuttering and temperament types. The review included studies using scales filled out by primary caregivers and studies to investigate temperamental behaviors through observation in the laboratory. Interest in researching the relationship between temperament and stuttering in preschoolers has been growing in recent times. This review aims to shed light on the field by examining the relationship between development stuttering and temperament. When the literature is analyzed, there are significant differences in some studies about temperament sub-dimensions between stuttering children and children with typical development. Considering the remaining studies, the temperament results in children who stutter were inconsistent. Therefore, it is not yet possible to draw conclusions about temperament differences between stuttering children and their typical peers. It is planned to support the work to be carried out with larger participants.

Keywords

developmental stuttering, temperament, review, childhood onset stuttering

References

• Alm, P. A. (2014). Stuttering in relation to anxiety, temperament, and personality: Review and analysis with focus on causality. Journal of fluency disorders, 40, 5-21.
• Ambrose, N. G., & Yairi, E. (1994). The development of awareness of stuttering in preschool children. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 19(4), 229-245.
• Ambrose, N. G., Yairi, E., Loucks, T. M., Seery, C. H., & Throneburg, R. (2015). Relation of motor, linguistic and temperament factors in epidemiologic subtypes of persistent and recovered stuttering: Initial findings. Journal of fluency disorders, 45, 12-26.
• Anderson, J. D., Pellowski, M. W., Conture, E. G., & Kelly, E. M. (2003). Temperamental characteristics of young children who stutter. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Arnold, H. S., Conture, E. G., Key, A. P., & Walden, T. (2011). Emotional reactivity, regulation and childhood stuttering: A behavioral and electrophysiological study. Journal of communication disorders, 44(3), 276-293.
• Bates, J. E. (1989). Applications of temperament concepts.
• Bernstein Ratner, N. (1997). Stuttering: A psycholinguistic perspective. Nature and treatment of stuttering: New directions, 2, 99-127.
• Bloodstein, O. (1970). Stuttering and Normal Nonfluency A Continuity Hypothesis. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 5(1), 30-39.
• Bloodstein, O. (2006). Some empirical observations about early stuttering: A possible link to language development. Journal of communication disorders, 39(3), 185-191.
• Boey, R. A., Van de Heyning, P. H., Wuyts, F. L., Heylen, L., Stoop, R., & De Bodt, M. S. (2009). Awareness and reactions of young stuttering children aged 2–7 years old towards their speech disfluency. Journal of communication disorders, 42(5), 334-346.
• Bush, A. L. (2006). Effects of childhood stuttering on attention regulation in emotionally arousing situations. Vanderbilt Undergraduate Research Journal, 2.
• Campos, J. J., Barrett, K. C., Lamb, M. E., Goldsmith, H. H., & Stenberg, C. (1983). Socioemotional development. Handbook of child psychology, 2, 783-915.
• Carey, W. B., & McDevitt, S. C. (1978). Revision of the infant temperament questionnaire. Pediatrics, 61(5), 735-739.
• Conture, E. G., & Kelly, E. M. (1991). Young stutterers’ nonspeech behaviors during stuttering. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 34(5), 1041-1056.
• Conture, E. G., & Melnick, K. S. (1999). Parent-child group approach to stuttering in preschool children. The handbook of early stuttering intervention, 17-52.
• Conture, E. G., & Walden, T. A. (2012). Dual diathesis-stressor model of stuttering. Theoretical issues of fluency disorders, 94-127.
• Conture, E. G., Walden, T. A., Arnold, H. S., Graham, C. G., Hartfield, K. N., & Karrass, J. (2006). Communication-emotional model of stuttering. Current issues in stuttering research and practice, 2, 17-47.
• Craig, A., Hancock, K., Tran, Y., Craig, M., & Peters, K. (2002). Epidemiology of stuttering in the community across the entire life span. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Dworzynski, K., Remington, A., Rijsdijk, F., Howell, P., & Plomin, R. (2007). Genetic etiology in cases of recovered and persistent stuttering in an unselected, longitudinal sample of young twins. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.
• Eggers, K., Luc, F., & Van den Bergh, B. R. (2009). Factorial temperament structure in stuttering, voice-disordered, and typically developing children. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Eggers, K., Luc, F., & Van den Bergh, B. R. (2010). Temperament dimensions in stuttering and typically developing children. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 35(4), 355-372.
• Eggers, K., Luc, F., & Van den Bergh, B. R. (2013). Inhibitory control in childhood stuttering. Journal of fluency disorders, 38(1), 1-13.
• Ellis, L. K., & Rothbart, M. K. (2001, April). Revision of the early adolescent temperament questionnaire. In Poster presented at the 2001 biennial meeting of the society for research in child development, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• Embrechts, M., Ebben, H., Franke, P., & Van de Poel, C. (2000). Temperament: A comparison between children who stutter and children who do not stutter. In Proceedings of the Third World Congress on Fluency Disorders: Theory, research, treatment, and self-help (pp. 557-562).
• Erermiş, S., Bellibaş, E., Özbaran, B., Büküşoğlu, N. D., Altıntoprak, E., Bildik, T., & Çetin, S. K. (2009). Ayrılma anksiyetesi bozukluğu olan okul öncesi yaş grubu çocukların annelerinin mizaç özellikleri. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(1), 14-21.
• Ezrati-Vinacour, R., Platzky, R., & Yairi, E. (2001). The young child's awareness of stuttering-like disfluency. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Felsenfeld, S., Kirk, K. M., Zhu, G., Statham, D. J., Neale, M. C., & Martin, N. G. (2000). A study of the genetic and environmental etiology of stuttering in a selected twin sample. Behavior Genetics, 30(5), 359-366.
• Felsenfeld, S., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2010). Attentional regulation in young twins with probable stuttering, high nonfluency, and typical fluency. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Garrison, W. T., Biggs, D., & Williams, K. (1990). Temperament characteristics and clinical outcomes in young children with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31(7), 1079-1088.
• Goldsmith, H. H. (1996). Studying temperament via construction of the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire. Child development, 67(1), 218-235.
• Goldsmith, H. H., & Rothbart, M. K. (1991). Contemporary instruments for assessing early temperament by questionnaire and in the laboratory. In Explorations in temperament (pp. 249-272). Springer, Boston, MA.
• Goldsmith, H. H., Buss, A. H., Plomin, R., Rothbart, M. K., Thomas, A., Chess, S., ... & McCall, R. B. (1987). Roundtable: What is temperament? Four approaches. Child development, 505-529.
• Gregory, H. H., Campbell, J. H., Gregory, C. B., & Hill, D. G. (2003). Stuttering therapy: Rationale and procedures. Allyn & Bacon.
• Guitar, B. (1976). Pretreatment factors associated with the outcome of stuttering therapy. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 19(3), 590-600.
• Guitar, B. (1998). Stuttering: An integrated approach to its nature and treatment. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins.
• Guitar, B. (2003). Acoustic startle responses and temperament in individuals who stutter. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Hofstee, W. K., Kiers, H. A., De Raad, B., Goldberg, L. R., & Ostendorf, F. (1997). A Comparison of Big‐Five structures of personality traits in Dutch, English, and German. European Journal of Personality, 11(1), 15-31.
• Howell, P. (2004). Assessment of some contemporary theories of stuttering that apply to spontaneous speech. Contemporary issues in communication science and disorders, 31(Spring), 123-140.
• Howell, P., Davis, S., Patel, H., Cuniffe, P., Downing-Wilson, D., Au-Yeung, J., & Williams, R. O. B. E. R. T. A. (2004). Fluency development and temperament in fluent children and children who stutter. Theory, research and therapy in fluency disorders, 250-256.
• Johnson, K. N., Walden, T. A., Conture, E. G., & Karrass, J. (2010). Spontaneous regulation of emotions in preschool children who stutter: Preliminary findings. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Johnson, K. N., & Karrass, J. (2017). Preliminary investigation of the relationship between the temperament of young children who stutter and the temperament of their parents. Aids, 5, 2.
• Jones, R., Choi, D., Conture, E., & Walden, T. (2014). Temperament, emotion, and childhood stuttering. In Seminars in speech and language (Vol. 35, No. 02, pp. 114-131). Thieme Medical Publishers.
• Karrass, J., Walden, T. A., Conture, E. G., Graham, C. G., Arnold, H. S., Hartfield, K. N., & Schwenk, K. A. (2006). Relation of emotional reactivity and regulation to childhood stuttering. Journal of communication disorders, 39(6), 402-423.
• Kazenski, D., Guitar, B., McCauley, R., Falls, W., & Dutko, L. S. (2014). Stuttering severity and responses to social-communicative challenge in preschool-age children who stutter. Speech, Language and Hearing, 17(3), 142-152.
• Kefalianos, E., Onslow, M., Block, S., Menzies, R., & Reilly, S. (2012). Early stuttering, temperament and anxiety: Two hypotheses. Journal of fluency disorders, 37(3), 151-163.
• Kefalianos, E., Onslow, M., Ukoumunne, O., Block, S., & Reilly, S. (2014). Stuttering, temperament, and anxiety: Data from a community cohort ages 2–4 years. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 57(4), 1314-1322.
• Langevin, M., Packman, A., & Onslow, M. (2009). Peer responses to stuttering in the preschool setting. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.
• Langevin, M., Packman, A., & Onslow, M. (2010). Parent perceptions of the impact of stuttering on their preschoolers and themselves. Journal of communication disorders, 43(5), 407-423.
• Lundgren, K., Helm-Estabrooks, N., & Klein, R. (2010). Stuttering following acquired brain damage: A review of the literature. Journal of neurolinguistics, 23(5), 447-454.
• Lewis, M. (1989). Culture and biology: The role of temperament. Challenges to developmental paradigms: Implications for theory, assessment and treatment, 203-223.
• Maguire, G. A., Riley, G. D., Franklin, D. L., & Gottschalk, L. A. (2000). Risperidone for the treatment of stuttering. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 20(4), 479-482.
• McDevitt, S. C., & Carey, W. B. (1978). The measurement of temperament in 3–7 year old children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19(3), 245-253.
• McManis, M. H., Kagan, J., Snidman, N. C., & Woodward, S. A. (2002). EEG asymmetry, power, and temperament in children. Developmental psychobiology, 41(2), 169-177.
• Messenger, M., Onslow, M., Packman, A., & Menzies, R. (2004). Social anxiety in stuttering: Measuring negative social expectancies. Journal of fluency disorders, 29(3), 201- 212.
• Ntourou, K., Conture, E. G., & Walden, T. A. (2013). Emotional reactivity and regulation in preschool-age children who stutter. Journal of fluency disorders, 38(3), 260-274.
• O’Brian, S., Packman, A., Onslow, M., & O’Brian, N. (2004). Measurement of stuttering in adults. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.
• Onslow, M., Packman, A., & Harrison, R. E. (2003). The Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention: A clinician's guide.
• Oyler, M. E., & Rustin, L. (1998, November). Temperamental sensitivity: Stuttering children in the United States and England. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, San Antonio, TX.
• Riley, G. D., & Riley, J. (1979). A component model for diagnosing and treating children who stutter. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 4(4), 279-293.
• Rothbart, M. K., & Ahadi, S. A. (1994). Temperament and the development of personality. Journal of abnormal psychology, 103(1), 55.
• Rothbart, M. K., & Jones, L. B. (1998). Temperament, self-regulation, and education. School Psychology Review, 27(4), 479-491.
• Rothbart, M. K., Ahadi, S. A., Hershey, K. L., & Fisher, P. (2001). Investigations of temperament at three to seven years: The Children's Behavior Questionnaire. Child development, 72(5), 1394-1408.
• Rothbart, M. K., Derryberry, D., & Hershey, K. (2000). Stability of temperament in childhood: Laboratory infant assessment to parent report at seven years. Temperament and personality development across the life span, 85-119.
• Rothbart, M. K., Derryberry, D., Lamb, M. E., & Brown, A. L. (1981). Advances in developmental psychology.
• Schwenk, K. A., Conture, E. G., & Walden, T. A. (2007). Reaction to background stimulation of preschool children who do and do not stutter. Journal of communication disorders, 40(2), 129-141.
• Seery, C. H., Watkins, R. V., Mangelsdorf, S. C., & Shigeto, A. (2007). Subtyping stuttering II: Contributions from language and temperament. Journal of fluency disorders, 32(3), 197-217.
• Sermas, C. E., & Cox, M. D. (1982). The stutterer and stuttering: Personality correlates. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 7(1), 141-158.
• Smith, A., & Kelly, E. (1997). Stuttering: A dynamic, multifactorial model.
• Smith, K. A., Iverach, L., O’Brian, S., Kefalianos, E., & Reilly, S. (2014). Anxiety of children and adolescents who stutter: A review. Journal of fluency disorders, 40, 22-34.
• Starkweather, C. W., Gottwald, S. R., & Halfond, M. M. (1990). Stuttering prevention: A clinical method. Prentice Hall.
• Thomas, A., & Chess, S. (1977). Temperament and development. Brunner/Mazel.
• Uysal A. (2015). Kekeleyen, tipik gelişim gösteren ve Kekemeliği Kendiliğinden iyileşen çocukların mizaç özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması (Doktora tezi), Eskişehir, Anadolu Üniversitesi.
• Van Riper, M., Ryff, C., & Pridham, K. (1992). Parental and family well‐being in families of children with down syndrome: A comparative study. Research in nursing & health, 15(3), 227-235.
• Wakaba, Y., Iizawa, M., Gondo, K., Inoue, S., & Fujino, H. (1998). Research on temperament of children who stutter with early onset. In Stuttering: Proceedings of the second world congress on fluency disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 84-87). Nijmegen, The Netherlands: University Press Nijmegen.
• Walden, T. A., Frankel, C. B., Buhr, A. P., Johnson, K. N., Conture, E. G., & Karrass, J. M. (2012). Dual diathesis-stressor model of emotional and linguistic contributions to developmental stuttering. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 40(4), 633-644.
• Yairi, E. (1983). The onset of stuttering in two-and three-year-old children: A preliminary report. Journal of Speech and hearing Disorders, 48(2), 171-177.
• Yairi, E., & Ambrose, N. G. (2004). Early Childhood Stuttering. PRO-ED, Inc. 8700 Shoal Creek Blvd, Austin, TX 78757.
• Yairi, E., Ambrose, N. G., & Grinager, N. (2005). Early childhood stuttering. Austin: Pro-Ed.
• Zebrowski, P. M., & Schum, R. L. (1993). Counseling parents of children who stutter. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2(2), 65-73.
• Zebrowski, P., & Conture, E. G. (1998). Influence of nontreatment variables on treatment effectiveness for school-age children who stutter. Treatment efficacy for stuttering: A search for empirical bases, 293-310.
• Zengin-Bolatkale, H., Conture, E. G., Key, A. P., Walden, T. A., & Jones, R. M. (2018). Cortical associates of emotional reactivity and regulation in childhood stuttering. Journal of fluency disorders, 56, 81-99.