Beş Yıldızlı Otel İşletmesinde Örgütsel Güvenin Değişime Direnç Üzerindeki Etkisi: Bir Alan Araştırması

Abstract

Günümüz koşullarında kurumlar rekabet avantajı yaratmak için yapı ve stratejilerinde sürekli olarak değişim uygularlar. Pek çok kurum yılda en az orta düzeyde bir değişim gerçekleştirirken, dört-beş yıl içerisinde ise köklü bir değişim gerçekleştirebilir. Örgütsel güven de organizasyonların değişim süreçlerini etkileyen bir unsurdur. Bu çalışma İstanbul’daki beş yıldızlı bir otel işletmesinde çalışanların, örgütsel güvenlerinin değişime dirençlerini nasıl etkilediğini ortaya çıkarmak için yapılmıştır. Bu sebeple “Değişime Direnç” ve “Örgütsel Güven” anketleri gönüllü olarak katılan 120 otel çalışanına uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada geliştirilen hipotezleri test etmek için Anova, Korelasyon ve Çoklu Regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır

Keywords

• Değişime Direnç, Örgütsel Güven, Otel Çalışanları

The Effect of Organizational Trust on Change Resistance at Five-Stars Hotel Business: A Field Study

Abstract

In today’s conditions, organizations constantly change their structures and strategies in order to create a competitive advantage. While many organizations perform at least a medium level change per year, they cam make a radical change in four to five years. Organizational trust is also a factor affecting the change processes of organizations. This study has been carried out in order to find out how employees in a five-star hotel business in Istanbul affected their organizational trust’s resistance to change. For this reason, “Resistance to Change” and “Organizational Trust” questionnaires have been applied to 120 hotel employees who participated voluntarily. In this research Anova, Correlation and Multiple Regression analyzes were used to test the hypotheses developed

Keywords

• Resistance to Change, Organizational Trust, Hotel Employees

References

1. Albrecht, S. (2010). Understanding employee cynicism toward change in healthcare contexts. International Journal of Information Systems and Change Management, 4(3), 194-209.
2. Benli, A. ve Cerev, G.(2017). Örgütsel sessizlik ve tükenmişlik ilişkisi: Turizm çalışanları örneği. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(30), 411-433.
3. Bovey, W. ve Hede, A. (2001). Resistance to organizational change: The Role of cognitive and affective processes. Leadership and Organization Development Journal. 22(8), 372- 382.
4. Bruckman, J. C. (2008). Overcoming resistance to change: Causal factors, interventions, Journal, 11(2), 211-219. critical values. The Psychologist-Manager.
5. Coch, L. Ve French Jr, J. R. (1948). Overcoming resistance to change. Human relations, 1(4), 512-532.
6. Cook, J. ve Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non‐fulfilment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53(1), 39-52.
7. Demirdağ, Ş.A. (2015). Örgütsel güven ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişki: Otel İşletmeleri üzerine bir araştırma. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
8. Dent, E. B. ve Goldberg, S.G. (1999). Challenging “resistance to change”, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35(1), 25-41.

9. Dirks, K. ve Ferrin, D., (2001). The role of trust in organizational settings. Organization Science 12(4), 450–467.
10. Du, J. ve Williams, C. (2017). Innovative projects between MNE subsidiaries and local partners in China: exploring locations and inter-organizational trust. Journal of International Management, 23(1), 16-31.
11. Durmuş, B., Yurtkoru, E.S. ve Çinko, M. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS’le veri analizi (6. Baskı), Beta Yayınları, İstanbul.
12. Engelbrecht, A. S., Engelbrecht, A. S., Heine, G., Heine, G., Mahembe, B. ve Mahembe, B. (2017). Integrity, ethical leadership, trust and work engagement. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(3), 368- 379.
13. Ferres, N., Connell J. ve Travaglione, A. (2004), Coworker trust as a social catalyst for constructive employee attitudes, Journal Managerial Psychology, 19(6), 608-622.
14. Gambetta, D. (1988). Trust: Making and breaking cooperative relations.
15. Gaudencio, P., Coelho, A. ve Ribeiro, N. (2017). The role of trust in corporate social responsibility and worker relationships. Journal of Management Development, 36(4).
16. Gezen, T. ve Boz, H. (2013). Otel işletmelerinde örgütsel güven ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. 14. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi 2013, 891-907.
17. Günüşen, Z.E. (2016). Örgütsel güvenin örgütsel bağlılık üzerindeki etkisi ve bir uygulama. (Yayınlanmış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
18. Gürbüz, Ş. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri (4.Baskı), Şeçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
19. Holtz, B. C., Holtz, B. C., Hu, B. ve Hu, B. (2017). Passive leadership: Relationships with trust and justice perceptions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 32(1), 119-130.
20. Kalemci, T.İ. (2007). Güven, örgütsel güven ve örgütsel güven modelleri.
21. Kotter, J. P. ve Schlesinger, L.A. (1979). Choosing strategies for change. Harvard Business Review. 57(2), 106-114.
22. Kull, S.L. (2003). The Ameliorating effects of transformational leadership on resistance to change: Transformational leadership and conductivity for schematic conversion. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Regent University, England.
23. LaClair, J. A. ve Rao, R. P. (2002). Helping employees embrace change.(Current Research). The McKinsey Quarterly, 17-22.
24. Lee, S. D. ve Jang, D. H. (2012). Support for innovation in historically black colleges and universities: Exploring associations with disposition toward change, empowerment, and organizational trust. Journal of Black Studies, 43(8), 912-935.
25. Lines, R., Selart, M., Espedal, B. ve Johansen, S.T. ( 2005). The production of trust during organizational change. Journal of Change Management, 5(2), 221- 245.
26. Makri, A. (2011). An investigation of the literature on organizational resistance to change.
27. Meyer, C. K., Kurovski, S. ve Clapham, S. E. (2014). Talking trash: Ethics, sustainability, and organizational trust. Journal of Sustainability Management, 2(2), 43.
28. Ng, T. W. (2015). The incremental validity of organizational commitment, organizational trust, and organizational identification. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 8(8), 154-163.
29. Omarov, A. (2009). Örgütsel güven ve iş doyumu: Özel bir sektörde uygulama. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
30. Oreg, S. ve Sverdlik, N. (2011). Ambivalence toward imposed change: The conflict between dispositional resistance to change and the orientation toward the change agent. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(2), 337-349.
31. Oreg, S., Vakola, M., Armenakis, A., Bozionelos, N., Gonzalez, L., Hrebickova, M.; ………,Hetland, H. (2008). Dispositional resistance to change: Measurement equivalence and the link to personal value across 17 Nations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(4), 935-944.
32. Örücü, E. ve Kambur, E.(2017). Otel çalışanlarında örgütsel sessizlik ve örgütsel güven ilişkisi: Bandırma ilçesi örneği. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(52), 1110-1123.
33. Özdamar, K. (2015). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi (10. Baskı), Nisan Kitabevi Yayınları, Ankara.
34. Pakdel, A. (2016). An investigation of the difference in the impact of demographic variables on employees’ resistance to organizational change in government organizations of Khorasan Razavi. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 230, 439-446.
35. Piderit, S.K. (2000). Rethinking resistance and recognizing ambivalence: A multidimensional view of attitudes toward an organizational change. Academy of Management Review, 10, 783–794.
36. Piderit, S.K. (1999). Navigating relationships with coworkers: Understanding employees’ attitudes toward an organizational change, Dissertation.
37. Pučėtaitė, R. (2014). Stimulating organizational innovativeness through ethical leadership practices: the mediating role of organizational trust. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 156, 231-235.
38. Saruhan, N. (2013a). The role of trust in organization in the relationship between resistance to change and communication. The moderating effects of organizational justice and psychological capital on this relationship. (Published Doctoral Thesis). Marmara University Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul.
39. Saruhan, N. (2013b). Organizational change: The effects of trust in organization and psychological capital during change process. Journal of Business Economics and Finance, 2(3), 13-35.
40. Shockley-Zalabak, P., Ellis, K. ve Winograd, G., (2000). Organizational trust: what it means, why it matters. Organization Development Journal 18 (4), 35–48.
41. Szabla, D.B. (2007). A multidimensional view of resistance to organizational change: Exploring cognitive, emotional, and intentional responses to planned change across perceived change leadership strategies, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 18(4), 525-558.
42. Tan, H. ve Tan, C.S. (2000), Towards the differentiation of trust in supervisor and trust in organization, Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 126(2),241-260.
43. Terzi, A. R., Dülker, A. P., Altın, F., Çelik, F., Dalkıran, M., Yulcu, N. T., ... Deniz, Ü. (2017). An analysis of organizational justice and organizational identification relation based on teachers' perceptions. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(3), 488-495.
44. Thundiyil, T. G., Chiaburu, D. S., Oh, I. S., Banks, G. C. ve Peng, A. C. (2015). Cynical about change? A preliminary meta-analysis and future research agenda. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 51(4), 429-450.
45. Top, M., Tarcan, M., Tekingündüz, S. ve Hikmet, N. (2013). An analysis of relationships among transformational leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust in two Turkish hospitals. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 28(3), e217-e241.
46. Tufail, M. S., Ismail, H. ve Zahra, S. (2016). The impact of work social support on firm innovation capability: The meditational role of knowledge sharing process and job satisfaction and moderating role of organizational trust. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS), 36(2).
47. Tükeltürk, A., Perçin, Ş. (2007). Turizm sektöründe kadın çalışanların karşılaştıkları kariyer engelleri ve cam tavan sendromu: Cam tavanı kırmaya yönelik stratejiler, Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 113-128.
48. Ugwu, F. O., Onyishi, I. E. ve Rodríguez-Sánchez, A. M. (2014). Linking organizational trust with employee engagement: the role of psychological empowerment. Personnel Review, 43(3), 377-400.
49. Uğurlu, C. T. ve Arslan, C. (2015). Öğretmenlerin örgütsel kimlik ve okula güven düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi, İlköğretim Online, 14(1), 72‐85.
50. Whitener, E.M., Brodt, S. ve Korsgaard., M.A.(1998). Managers as initiator of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial behavior, Academy Of Management Journal, 23(3), 513-530.
51. Woodman, R. ve Sherwood, J., (1980). The role of team development in organizational effectiveness: a critical review. Psychological Bulletin 88 (1), 166–186.