Araştırma Makalesi

Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations

Sayı: 1 29 Nisan 2026
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Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations

Öz

Over the three decades following trade liberalization, countries have formed trade, economic, and political unions. In contrast to the European Union (EU), other formations such as BRICS, where membership criteria remain relatively ambiguous, have emerged. In such cases, institutional and structural similarities, along with trade motivations, play a significant role in determining admission. Despite the differences in governance and accession criteria, Turkey faces partial integration offers in both institutions without full membership. A review of the literature reveals that three key mechanisms exist in Turkey’s engagement with the EU and BRICS: asymmetric interdependence, institutional gatekeeping, and strategic flexibility. These can be explained through trade orientation, formal and informal rules of acceptance, alongside selective cooperation models. Therefore, partial integration should not be interpreted as an incomplete process; rather, is an equilibrium based on mutual hybrid integration. This form appears due to the coexistence of flexibility and selective gatekeeping, alongside conditions of unequal interdependence between the parties. To explain this duality, the paper argues that differentiated integration, beyond traditional arrangements, can strengthen Turkey’s position. In conclusion, when a candidate exhibits geographical, ideological, and structural similarities with multiple blocs, intermediate forms may produce more sustainable outcomes than constant candidacy or transitional membership status.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Etik onay gerektirecek veri kullanılmamıştır

Kaynakça

  1. Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S. & Robinson, J.A. (2005) ‘Institutions as a fundamental cause of long-run growth’, in Aghion, P. & Durlauf, S.N. (eds.) Handbook of Economic Growth, Vol. 1A. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 385–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0684(05)01006-3
  2. Baun, M.J. (2000) A Wider Europe: The Process and Politics of European Union Enlargement. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
  3. Börzel, T.A. & Risse, T. (2016) The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199682300.001.0001
  4. Coccia, M. (2020) ‘Effects of institutional change based on democratisation on the origin and diffusion of technological innovation’, Journal of Economic and Social Thought, 7(1), pp. 19–34.
  5. Džankić, J., Keil, S. & Kmezić, M. (eds.) (2019) The Europeanisation of the Western Balkans: A Failure of EU Conditionality? Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91412-1
  6. Gateva, E. (2015) European Union Enlargement Conditionality. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137482433
  7. Hammermann, F. & Schweickert, R. (2005) ‘EU enlargement and institutional development: How far away are the EU’s Balkan and Black Sea neighbours?’, Kiel Working Paper No. 1261.
  8. Inotai, A. (2003) ‘The Eastern enlargements of the European Union’, in Cremona, M. (ed.) The Enlargement of the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

29 Nisan 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

9 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

27 Ocak 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Nemlioğlu, İ. (2026). Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations. İktisadi Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1, 16-24. https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG
AMA
1.Nemlioğlu İ. Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations. İAD. 2026;(1):16-24. https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG
Chicago
Nemlioğlu, İlayda. 2026. “Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations”. İktisadi Araştırmalar Dergisi, sy 1: 16-24. https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG.
EndNote
Nemlioğlu İ (01 Nisan 2026) Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations. İktisadi Araştırmalar Dergisi 1 16–24.
IEEE
[1]İ. Nemlioğlu, “Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations”, İAD, sy 1, ss. 16–24, Nis. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG
ISNAD
Nemlioğlu, İlayda. “Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations”. İktisadi Araştırmalar Dergisi. 1 (01 Nisan 2026): 16-24. https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG.
JAMA
1.Nemlioğlu İ. Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations. İAD. 2026;:16–24.
MLA
Nemlioğlu, İlayda. “Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations”. İktisadi Araştırmalar Dergisi, sy 1, Nisan 2026, ss. 16-24, https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG.
Vancouver
1.İlayda Nemlioğlu. Misfit or Strategic Partner? The Role of Gatekeeping, Geopolitics, and Institutional mechanisms on Turkey’s EU–BRICS Relations. İAD [Internet]. 01 Nisan 2026;(1):16-24. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA38GE76MG