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YAPAY ZEKA VE İSTİHDAM: COVİD.19 SÜRECİNDE OECD ÜLKELERİ İSTİHDAM DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 8, 25 - 34, 30.12.2021

Öz

Bu makale, teknoloji toplumunda yapay zeka ve istihdam ilişkisini konu edinmektedir. Konuyla ilgili
şimdiye kadar yapılan çalışmalar teknolojinin sonucunda istihdam kayıplarına odaklanmaktadır. Genel eğilim
teknolojik yenilik ve modifikasyondan yanadır, ancak yeterli araştırma ve tartışma yapılmamıştır. Bu makalenin
farkındalığı, teknolojik yenilikler ile beraber yeni düzenlenecek sosyal politikaların, çalışanlara-işverenlere ve
hükümet tarafına yol gösterici bir rol üstlenmesini önermesidir. Ayrıca, bu çalışma teknolojinin; çalışma şeklimizi
etkilediği, istihdamın dönüşümüyle ilgili endişeleri artırdığı, güvensizliği, teknoloji kaynaklı işsizliği, stresi, sert
politik önerileri tetiklediği için yeni sosyal politika ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bu alandaki
çalışmaların yetersizliğinden dolayı bu makale ilgili literatüre katkı yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Son olarak Covid.19
sürecinde ve öncesinde OECD ülkeleri itibariyle istihdam değerlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Abuselidze, George; Anna N.Slobodianyk ve Nadiia P.Reznik(2019).” Ensuring Trading Strategies Profitability with Technical Analysis Tools and Computer Technology” SHS Web of Conferences 71 04005.
  • Acemoglu, Daron ve David H.Autor(2011). Skills, Tasks and Technologies: Implications for Employment and Earnings Handbook of Labor Economics vol 4. URL https:// doi.org /10. 1016/s0169-7218(11)02410-5.
  • Autor, David H. ve David Dorn (2013) ‘The Growth of Low-skill Service jobs and the Polarization of the US Labour Market’, American Economic Review, 103(5).
  • Autor, David H.; Frank Levy, ve Richard J. Murnane (2003) ’The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change: An Empirical Exploration’ The Quarterly Journal of Economics 118, no. 4. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355303322552801.
  • Card, David ve John E. DiNardo (2002) ‘Skill-biased technological change and rising wage inequality: Some problems and puzzles’, Journal of Labour Economics 20(4).
  • Chiacchio, Francesco; Georgios Petropoulos ve David Pichler(2018).” The Impact of Industrial Robots on EU Employment and Wages: A Local Labour Market Approach”, ECONSTOR-Bruegel Working Paper: No.2018/02, Brussels.
  • Columbus L (2017). “How Artificial Intelligence Is Revolutionizing”, Business in 2017 Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2017/09/10/how-artificial-intelligenceisrevolutionizing-business-in-2017.
  • Fernández-Macías, Enrique ve John Hurley (2017) ‘Routine-biased technical change and job polarization in Europe’, Socio-Economic Review 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mww016.
  • Frontier Economics(2018). The impact of Artificial Intelligence on Work. .https: //www.frontier-economics.com/media/3118/ai-and-work-evidence-review fullreport.pd.
  • Goos, Maarten ve Alan Manning (2007) ‘Lousy and lovely jobs: The Rising Polarization of Work in Britain’, The Review of Economics and Statistics 89(1). https:// doi. org/ 10. 11 62/ rest.89.1.118.
  • Goos, Maarten, Alan Manning ve Anna Salomons (2009). ‘Job Polarization in Europe’, American Economic Review 99(2).
  • ILO(2018). The economics of artificial intelligence: Implications for the future of work URL https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/--- cabinet/ documents/publication/ wcms_647306.pdf
  • ILOSTATdatabase(2021). ILO modelled estimates and the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker.
  • Jaimovich, Nir ve Henry E.Siu (2020). “Job Polarization and Jobless Recoveries” The Review of Economics and Statistics 102(1).
  • Katz, Lawrence F. ve David H.Autor (1999). ‘Changes in the wage structure and earnings inequality’, in Handbook of labour economics, vol. 3: Part A, Elsevier Publisher. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4463(99)03007-2.
  • Krieger, Nancy; Pamela Waterman, Jasmine Spasojevic, Wenhui Li, Gil Maduro ve Gretchen Van Wye (2016). ‘Public health monitoring of privilege and deprivation with the index of concentration at the extremes’, American Journal of Public Health 106(2).
  • Krueger, A.B. (1993) ‘How Computers Have Changed the Wage Structure: Evidence from Microdata, 1984-1989’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, CVIII.
  • Keynes, John M. (1937)."The General Theory of Employment”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 51, no. 2.
  • Levy, Frank. ve Richard J. Murnane (2013). Dancing with Robots: Human Skills for Computerized Work, Washington DC. https: //dusp.mit.edu/ uis/publication/ dancingrobots human-skills-computerized-work.
  • Oesch, Daniel ve Giorgio Piccitto (2019). ‘The Polarization Myth: Occupational Upgrading in Germany, Spain, Sweden, and the UK, 1992–2015’, Work and Occupations 46(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888419860880.
  • OECD(2020). OECD Employment Outlook 2020.: Worker Security and The Covid.19 Crisis.
  • OECD(2021). “Developments in the labor market: The emerging COVID-19 crisis.”. OECD Employment Outlook 2021. https://doi.org/10.1787/5a700c4b-en.
  • O’Reily, Jacqueline; Florian Rauft ve Max Neufeind(2018): “Identifying the challenges for work in the digital age”, içinde Work ın the Dıgıtal – Challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution Age edited by Max Neufeind, Jacqueline O’Reilly ve Florian Ranft, Published Rowman & Lıttlefield-London-New York, ISBN: PB 978-1-78660-906-9.
  • Spitz-Oener, Alexandra (2006). ‘Technical change, job tasks, and rising educational demands: Looking outside the wage structure’, Journal of Labour Economics 24(2).
  • Stefano, Valerio De(2018). “Negotiating the algorithm”: Automation, artifi cial intelligence and labour protection”, Employment Working Paper No. 246-ILO,Geneva.
  • UNESCO(2020a). School cloruses caused by Coronovirus(Covid.19). https: //en. unesco. org/covid19/educationresponse.
  • UNESCO (2020b). COVID-19 Educational disruption and response. https: //en. unesco. org/covid19/educationresponse.
  • UNICEF (2020). UNICEF and Microsoft launch global learning platform to help address COVID-19 education crisis. https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/unicef-andmicrosoft-launch-global-learning-platform-help-address-covid-19-education.
  • WHO(2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Pandemic. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

H. Bayram İrhan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

APA İrhan, H. B. (2021). YAPAY ZEKA VE İSTİHDAM: COVİD.19 SÜRECİNDE OECD ÜLKELERİ İSTİHDAM DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi(8), 25-34.