THE ISSUE OF SHARING THE NILE: A COMPETITION BETWEEN EGYPT, SUDAN AND ETHIOPIA WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF HYDRO-DIPLOMACY

Abstract

The upper riparian countries of the Nile River basin influencing the lower riparian countries, controlling the water resources according their needs, and dominating it for the benefit of their foreign policy and geopolitical priorities is considered as an exception of the international water regimes. The colonial competitiveness and the basin’s hydro-diplomatic activities that were the main influencing triggers emerging this situation, all shaped with the 1959 agreement built over the heritage of the British totalitarian policies on the Nile, were the reason behind water crisis between Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia and other basin countries, a crisis unresolved to date. Although being a foster for regional cooperation, the Grand Renaissance (an-Nahda) Dam and new actors in the basin give the impression that the status quo of the Nile disagreement issue will not be changed in the short term. As a result, the resolution of the issues pending from the past to present and the distribution of the Nile within the context of hydro-diplomacy has a great importance from international security standpoint.

Keywords

• Nile River,Hydro-Diplomacy,United Kingdom,Colonialism,Egypt,Sudan,Ethiopia,the Grand Renaissance Dam

NİL’İN PAYLAŞILMASI MESELESİ: HİDRO-DİPLOMASİ BAĞLAMINDA MISIR, SUDAN VE ETİYOPYA REKABETİ

Abstract

Nil Nehri havzası, yukarı kıyıdaş ülkelerin aşağı kıyıdaş ülkeleri etkisi altına alıp su yönetimini kendi ihtiyaçlarına, dış politika ve jeopolitik önceliklerine göre domine ettiği uluslararası su rejimlerine bir istisnadır. Bu durumun ortaya çıkmasını tetikleyen etkenlerin başında gelen havzadaki sömürgeci rekabet ve hidro-diplomasi faaliyetleri, İngilizlerin bütüncül Nil politikalarının mirası üzerine inşa edilen 1959 Antlaşması ile son şeklini alarak günümüze kadar uzanan Mısır, Sudan, Etiyopya ve diğer havza ülkelerinin arasında hidro krizlerin çıkmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Büyük Rönesans (en-Nahda) Barajı ve havzadaki yeni aktörler, bölgesel işbirliği umutlarını yeşertse de, Nil uyuşmazlığı meselesindeki statükonun kısa vadede değişmeyeceğinin işaretlerini vermektedir. Dolayısıyla geçmişten günümüze uzanan sorunların çözümü ve uluslararası güvenlik açısından hidro-diplomasi bağlamında Nil’in paylaşılması meselesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. 

Keywords

• Nil Nehri,Hidro-Diplomasi,İngiltere,Sömürgecilik,Mısır,Sudan,Etiyopya,Büyük Rönesans Barajı

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