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A REVIEW: SOME APPROACHES AND DEFINITIONS ABOUT THE SELF CONCEPT

Year 2016, Issue: 48, 79 - 89, 28.04.2016

Abstract

In this article,
it is mentioned about some basic approaches and definitions about the concept
of self in within the scope of psychology. Literature is conveyed not
chronically but by mentioning the similar approaches together. In this sense,
some basic approaches are mentioned like subject and object selves, possible
selves, ego concept, defense mechanisms, definition of self by means of
unconsciousness, the relationship between the self and socializing, the
development stages of the self, and the definition of self in terms of memory.
James
classification of material self, social self,
spiritual self and pure ego and what James mentioned about possible selves are
explained. What others stated about this classification and possible selves are
mentioned. Freud and Jung
s approaches, views of Cooley, Mead, Sarbin, Şerif and Şerif, Rogers, Kinch, Tajfel and Turner; Shavelson, Hubner and Stanton,
views of Erikson and Allport about the development stages of self, and some
definitions about self  in terms of
memory are mentioned. Understanding the approaches about how the self is formed
and the development of self will be useful for researchers who study about
social sciences in terms of understanding the literature based on the concept
of self.

References

  • Allport, G. W. (1943). The ego in contemporary psychology. Psychological Review, 50(5), 451-478.
  • Allport, G.W. (1955). Becoming: Basic Considerations for a Psychology of Personality. Yale University Press.
  • Brooke, R. (2009). The self, the psyche and the world: a phenomenological interpretation. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 54(5), 601-618.
  • Brown, J.D (1998). The Self. Psychology Press.
  • Conway, M.A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C.W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261-288.
  • Cooley, C.H. (1902) Human Nature and The Social Order. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.
  • Demirtaş, H.A. (2003). Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı, Temel Kavram ve Varsayımlar. İletişim Araştırmaları, 1(1), 123-144.
  • Erikson, E.H. (1950). Childhood and Society (pp. 219-233), Norton, New York.
  • Eysenck, M.W. (2004). Psychology, An International Perspective. Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Hove and New York.
  • Geçtan, E. (2000). Psikanaliz ve Sonrası. Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, Vol 94(3), pp. 319-340.
  • Horney, K. (1950). Neurosis and Human Growth. New York: W. W. Norton.
  • James, W. (1950). The Principles of psychology. Vol 1. Reprint Edition, Dover Publications. (Kitabın orijinali 1890 yılında MacMillan and Co, London tarafından basılmıştır.)
  • Kinch, J.W. (1963). A formalized theory of the self concept. American Journal of Sociology, 68, 481-486.
  • Lewis, M. (1990). Self-development and social development in early life. In (ed.) L.A.Pervin, Handbook of Personality (pp. 277-300), Guilford, New York.
  • Markus, H., & Nurius, P. (1986). Possible selves. American Psychologist, 41(9), 954-969.
  • Markus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). THE DYNAMIC SELF-CONCEPT: A Social Psychological Perspective. Annual Review Of Psychology, 38(1), 299.
  • McLeod, S. A. (2014). Carl Rogers. Retrieved at 01.10.2015 from www.simplypsychology.org/carl-rogers.html
  • Mead, G.H. (1934). Mind, Self, and Society. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • McConnell, A.R., Shoda, T.M., & Skulborstad, H.M. (2012). The Self as a Collection of Multiple Self-Aspects: Structure, Development, Operation, and Implications. Social Cognition, Vol. 30 (4), 380–395.
  • Morris, C.G. (2002). Psikolojiyi Anlamak (Psikolojiye Giriş). (Çeviri Editörleri H.B. Ayvaşık, M.Sayıl) Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Nuttin Jr, J. M. (1985). Narcissism beyond Gestalt and awareness: the name letter effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 15(3), 353-361.
  • Ogilvie, D. M. (1987). The undesired self: A neglected variable in personality research. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 52(2), 379-385.
  • Rennison, N. (2001). The Pocket Essential Freud & Psychoanalysis. Pocket Essentials, Great Britain.
  • Rogers, C. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centered framework. In (ed.) S. Koch, Psychology: A study of a science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the person and the social context. New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a person: A psychotherapists view of psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin.
  • Rubin, D.C. (Ed.). (1986). Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Sarbin, T. R. (1952). A preface to a psychological analysis of the self. Psychological Review, 59(1), 11-22.
  • Shavelson, R.J., Hubner, J.J., & Stanton, G.C. (1976). Self-Concept: Validation of Construct Interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 407-441.
  • Şerif, M., & Şerif, C. W. (1956). An outline of Social psychology. Harpers & Brothers, New York.
  • Urban, E. (2005). Fordham, Jung and the self: a re-examination of Fordham's contribution to Jung's conceptualization of the self. Journal Of Analytical Psychology, 50(5), 571-594.

BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR

Year 2016, Issue: 48, 79 - 89, 28.04.2016

Abstract

Bu çalışmada
psikoloji bilimi çerçevesinde benlik kavramına ilişkin yapılmış olan bazı tanımlamalardan ve benlik kavramı hakkındaki temel yaklaşımlardan söz edilmiştir. Literatür,
kronolojik olarak değil, benzer yaklaşımlardan bir arada söz edilerek
aktarılmıştır. Bu bağ
lamda, özne benlik,
nesne benlik, olası benlikler,
ego kavramı, savunma mekanizmaları, benliğin bilinçdışı
ile tanımlanması, benliğin sosyalleşme ile
ilişkisi, benliğin gelişim süreçleri ve benliğin bellekle ilişkili olarak
tanımlanması hakkındaki temel
bazı görüşlerden söz edilmiştir.
James
in
maddesel, ruhsal, sosyal benlikler ve saf ego sınıflandırması açıklanmış, James
in
olası benlikler hakkındaki
görüşlerine değinilmiştir. Bu sınıflandırma ve olası benlikler hakkında diğer kuramcıların söz ettikleri
aktarılmıştır. Freud ve Jung
un görüşleri,
Cooley, Mead, Sarbin, Şerif ve Şerif, Rogers, Kinch, Tajfel ve Turner;
Shavelson, Hubner ve Stanton
un görüşleri,
Erikson ve Allport
un benlik gelişimi ile ilgili
görüşleri, ayrıca benlik ve bellek ilişkisine ilişkin bazı araştırmacıların tanımları aktarılmıştır. Benliğin nasıl
oluştuğu ve nasıl geliştiğine ilişkin yaklaşımların anlaşılması, benlik kavramını temel alan literatürün daha iyi
anlaşılması açısından sosyal
bilimlerle ilgili çalışan araştırmacılara fayda sağlayacaktır.

References

  • Allport, G. W. (1943). The ego in contemporary psychology. Psychological Review, 50(5), 451-478.
  • Allport, G.W. (1955). Becoming: Basic Considerations for a Psychology of Personality. Yale University Press.
  • Brooke, R. (2009). The self, the psyche and the world: a phenomenological interpretation. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 54(5), 601-618.
  • Brown, J.D (1998). The Self. Psychology Press.
  • Conway, M.A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C.W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107(2), 261-288.
  • Cooley, C.H. (1902) Human Nature and The Social Order. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.
  • Demirtaş, H.A. (2003). Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı, Temel Kavram ve Varsayımlar. İletişim Araştırmaları, 1(1), 123-144.
  • Erikson, E.H. (1950). Childhood and Society (pp. 219-233), Norton, New York.
  • Eysenck, M.W. (2004). Psychology, An International Perspective. Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Hove and New York.
  • Geçtan, E. (2000). Psikanaliz ve Sonrası. Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, Vol 94(3), pp. 319-340.
  • Horney, K. (1950). Neurosis and Human Growth. New York: W. W. Norton.
  • James, W. (1950). The Principles of psychology. Vol 1. Reprint Edition, Dover Publications. (Kitabın orijinali 1890 yılında MacMillan and Co, London tarafından basılmıştır.)
  • Kinch, J.W. (1963). A formalized theory of the self concept. American Journal of Sociology, 68, 481-486.
  • Lewis, M. (1990). Self-development and social development in early life. In (ed.) L.A.Pervin, Handbook of Personality (pp. 277-300), Guilford, New York.
  • Markus, H., & Nurius, P. (1986). Possible selves. American Psychologist, 41(9), 954-969.
  • Markus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). THE DYNAMIC SELF-CONCEPT: A Social Psychological Perspective. Annual Review Of Psychology, 38(1), 299.
  • McLeod, S. A. (2014). Carl Rogers. Retrieved at 01.10.2015 from www.simplypsychology.org/carl-rogers.html
  • Mead, G.H. (1934). Mind, Self, and Society. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • McConnell, A.R., Shoda, T.M., & Skulborstad, H.M. (2012). The Self as a Collection of Multiple Self-Aspects: Structure, Development, Operation, and Implications. Social Cognition, Vol. 30 (4), 380–395.
  • Morris, C.G. (2002). Psikolojiyi Anlamak (Psikolojiye Giriş). (Çeviri Editörleri H.B. Ayvaşık, M.Sayıl) Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Nuttin Jr, J. M. (1985). Narcissism beyond Gestalt and awareness: the name letter effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 15(3), 353-361.
  • Ogilvie, D. M. (1987). The undesired self: A neglected variable in personality research. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 52(2), 379-385.
  • Rennison, N. (2001). The Pocket Essential Freud & Psychoanalysis. Pocket Essentials, Great Britain.
  • Rogers, C. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centered framework. In (ed.) S. Koch, Psychology: A study of a science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the person and the social context. New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a person: A psychotherapists view of psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin.
  • Rubin, D.C. (Ed.). (1986). Autobiographical Memory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Sarbin, T. R. (1952). A preface to a psychological analysis of the self. Psychological Review, 59(1), 11-22.
  • Shavelson, R.J., Hubner, J.J., & Stanton, G.C. (1976). Self-Concept: Validation of Construct Interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 407-441.
  • Şerif, M., & Şerif, C. W. (1956). An outline of Social psychology. Harpers & Brothers, New York.
  • Urban, E. (2005). Fordham, Jung and the self: a re-examination of Fordham's contribution to Jung's conceptualization of the self. Journal Of Analytical Psychology, 50(5), 571-594.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hanzade Aslan Yılmaz

Publication Date April 28, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Issue: 48

Cite

APA Yılmaz, H. A. (2016). BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(48), 79-89.
AMA Yılmaz HA. BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. April 2016;(48):79-89.
Chicago Yılmaz, Hanzade Aslan. “BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 48 (April 2016): 79-89.
EndNote Yılmaz HA (April 1, 2016) BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 48 79–89.
IEEE H. A. Yılmaz, “BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 48, pp. 79–89, April 2016.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Hanzade Aslan. “BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 48 (April 2016), 79-89.
JAMA Yılmaz HA. BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2016;:79–89.
MLA Yılmaz, Hanzade Aslan. “BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 48, 2016, pp. 79-89.
Vancouver Yılmaz HA. BİR DERLEME: BENLİK KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN BAZI YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TANIMLAMALAR. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2016(48):79-8.

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