YOKSULLUKLA MÜCADELEDE ÇAĞDAŞ BİR YÖNTEM OLARAK İSTİHDAM BAĞLANTILI ŞARTLI SOSYAL YARDIMLAR: KÜRESEL BİR ANALİZ

Year 2019, Issue: 59, 105 - 122, 31.01.2019

Abdullah Yılmaz , Yaşar Aksanyar Tahsin Güler

Abstract

“Sosyal Yardım Uygulamaları”,
günümüzde ülkelerin yoksullukla mücadelede başvurdukları en önemli kamu
politikası enstrümanlarındandır. Küresel ölçekte incelendiğinde ülkeler ve
bölgeler arasında standart uygulamalar olarak yayılım göstermeyen “Sosyal Yardım
Uygulamaları”nın,  uygulandıkları
ülkelerin ve coğrafyaların ekonomik, siyasal, sosyal ve kültürel
özelliklerinden önemli ölçüde etkilendikleri görülmektedir.

Şartlı bir sosyal yardım türü olan
istihdam temelli sosyal yardımların Afrika, Amerika, Asya ve Avrupa
kıtalarındaki ülke uygulamalarına odaklanılan çalışmada; sosyal yardım sistem
ve enstrümanlarını sorgulayan çoğu dünya ülkesinin 1990’lardan itibaren sosyal
yardım enstrümanlarını çoklu amaçlara hizmet eder tarzda yeniden
yapılandırdığı, Kuzey Amerika ve Avrupa Kıtası uygulamalarının ''gelişmiş'',
Asya, Afrika ve Güney Amerika ülkeleri uygulamalarının ise ''gelişmekte olan''
uygulamalar olarak nitelendirilebileceği değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Yoksullukla Mücadele, Kamu Politikası

Conditional Social Aids Employment Related in Struggle Against Poverty: A Global Analysis

Abstract

Nowadays, “Social Aid Practices”
are one of the most important element of public policy that contries consult
for struggle against poverty. On a global scale, “Social Aid Practices” aren’t
scatter as a standart practies between countries and regions. These Practices
are influenced significantly by the economic, political, social and cultural
characteristics of the countries and geographies that they are applied.

This study focuses on the country
practices in Africa, America, Asia and Europe continents of employment-based
social aids which is type of conditional social aid. It is evaluated that many
World countries questioning social aid systems and instruments have restructure
the social aid instruments since 1990s in a manner that serve multiple
purposes. In addition, the practices of North America and Europe continent are
considered as “developed” and the applications of Asia, Africa and South
America countries are considered as “developing”.

Keywords

Struggle Against Poverty, Public Policy, Social Aid

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