Research Article
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Making Sense of Multiplication by Primary School Second Grade Students

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 24 - 30, 30.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/OJFHSS.2022.230325

Abstract

In the current study, it was aimed to determine how the second-year primary school students made sense
of the multiplication operation that they met for the first time in the classroom, where they had difficulties
and what kind of mistakes they made. For this purpose, the study was designed in accordance with the case
study, one of the qualitative research methods. The participants of the study consist of the 46 second-year
primary school students. In the study, a test consisting of eight questions including the learning outcomes of
the multiplication process was applied. In line with the answers given by the students to the test, one-on-one
interviews were conducted to determine the reasons for the mistakes made by the students in the multiplication process. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the students made various mistakes in modeling the multiplication operation, in
showing the multiplication of a natural number by 0 with the addition operation, and in solving problems that
required the multiplication operation. In the interviews conducted based on these errors, it was seen that the
students noticed their mistakes and understood the multiplication process based on the addition process.
In addition, in the interviews, it was determined that the students found multiplication more enjoyable than
addition and subtraction.
Keywords: Multiplication, mak

References

  • Altun, M. (2001), Eğitim fakülteleri ve sınıf öğretmenleri için matematik öğretimi, Alfa Yayınları.
  • Baykul, Y. (2009), İlköğretimde matematik öğretimi (1-5. Sınıflar), Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Burris, A. C. (2005). Understanding the Math you teach content and methods for prekindergarten through grade 4. Allyn & Bacon, an imprint of Pearson Education Inc.
  • Bütün, M., ve Baki, A. (2019). İlköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının matematiği öğretme bilgilerinin gelişimi. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 8(1), 300-322.
  • Chin, K. E., & Jiew, F. F. (2019). Changes of Meanings in Multiplication across Different Contexts: The Case of Amy and Beth. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(8), em1739.
  • Clark, F. B., & Kamii, C. (1996). Identification of multiplicative thinking in children in grades 1–5. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27, 41–51.
  • Cooney, J. B., Swanson, H. L. & Ladd, S. F. (1988). Acquisition of mental multiplication skill- evidence for the transition between counting and retrieval strategies. Cognition Instruction. 5, pp.323–345. doi:10.1207/s1532690xci0504_5
  • Creswell, J.W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (Çeviri Editörleri, Mesut Bütün, S. Beşir Demir). Siyasal Yayıncılık.
  • Greer, B. (1992). Multiplication and division as models of situations. In D. Grouws (Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp. 276–295). Macmillan.
  • Gürsel, O. (2000). Hata analizi yoluyla zihin özürlü̈ öğrencilerin dört işlemde yaptıkları hataların sınıflandırılması. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 10(2), 127-143.
  • Harries, T., & Barmby, P. (2008). Representing and understanding multiplication, Research in Mathematics Education, 9(1), 33-45.
  • Izsák, A. (2005). You have to count the squares: Applying knowledge in pieces to learning rectangular area. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 14(3), 361–403.
  • Kaufmann, O.T. (2019). Students’ reasoning on multiplication in the context of a primary school classroom. REDIMAT – Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 8(1), 6-29. doi: 10.17583/redimat.2019.2822
  • Larsson, K., Pettersson, K., & Andrews, P. (2017). Students’ conceptualisations of multiplication as repeated addition or equal groups in relation to multi-digit and decimal numbers. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 48, 1-13.
  • O’Brien, T. C., & Casey, S. A. (1983). Children learning multiplication: Part I. School Science and Mathematics, 83(1), 246-251.
  • Olkun, S. & Uçar, Z. T. (2007). İlköğretimde etkinlik temelli matematik öğretimi. Maya Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Saleh, S., Saleh, F., Rahman, S. A., & Mohamed, A. R. (2010). Diagnosing year two pupils understanding of the certain concepts of multiplication at selected schools in Sabah. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 114-120.
  • Seah, T. K. R. (2004). An investigation of the depth and breadth of students’ knowledge of multiplication as a basis for the development of multiplication thinking (Unpublished master’s thesis). Griffin University.
  • Sherin, B., & Fuson, K. (2005). Multiplication Strategies and the Appropriation of Computational Resources. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 36(4), 347–395. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30035044.
  • Smith, S. Z., & Smith, M. E. (2006). Assessing elementary understanding of multiplication concepts. School Science and Mathematics,106(3), pp.140-149.
  • Simon, M. A., & Blume, G. W. (1994). Building and understanding multiplicative relationships: A study of prospective elementary teachers. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 25(5), 472-494.
  • Üçüncü, K. (2010), İlköğretim (2-5. Sınıf) öğretmenlerinin çarpma işlemi öğretimine ilişkin görüşleri ve öğrencilerin kazanımlara ulaşma düzeyi. (Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü̈, Ankara.
  • Whitacre, I., & Nickerson, S. D. (2016). Investigating the improvement of prospective elementary teachers’ number sense in reasoning about fraction magnitude. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 19(1), 57–77.

İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Çarpma İşlemini Anlamlandırmaları

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 24 - 30, 30.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/OJFHSS.2022.230325

Abstract

Mevcut çalışmada ilkokul 2. sınıf öğrencilerinin sınıfta ilk kez tanıştıkları çarpma işlemini nasıl anlamlandırdıkları, nerelerde zorluk çektikleri ve ne tür hatalar yaptıkları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, çalışma nitel
araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışmasına uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını 46 ilkokul
2. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 2. sınıf çarpma işleminin öğrenme kazanımlarını
içeren sekiz sorudan oluşan bir test uygulanmış ve ardından öğrencilerle birebir görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda öğrencilerin
çarpma işlemini modellemede, bir doğal sayının 0 ile çarpımını tekrarlanan toplama olarak göstermede ve
çarpma işlemini gerektiren problem çözümlerinde çeşitli hatalar yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu hatalara dayalı
olarak yürütülen birebir görüşmelerde öğrencilerin hatalarını fark ettikleri ve çarpma işlemini toplama işlemine
dayalı olarak anladıkları görülmüştür. Ek olarak, görüşme yapılan öğrencilerin toplama ve çıkarma işlemlerinden ziyade çarpma işlemini daha zevkli buldukları tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Altun, M. (2001), Eğitim fakülteleri ve sınıf öğretmenleri için matematik öğretimi, Alfa Yayınları.
  • Baykul, Y. (2009), İlköğretimde matematik öğretimi (1-5. Sınıflar), Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Burris, A. C. (2005). Understanding the Math you teach content and methods for prekindergarten through grade 4. Allyn & Bacon, an imprint of Pearson Education Inc.
  • Bütün, M., ve Baki, A. (2019). İlköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının matematiği öğretme bilgilerinin gelişimi. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 8(1), 300-322.
  • Chin, K. E., & Jiew, F. F. (2019). Changes of Meanings in Multiplication across Different Contexts: The Case of Amy and Beth. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(8), em1739.
  • Clark, F. B., & Kamii, C. (1996). Identification of multiplicative thinking in children in grades 1–5. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27, 41–51.
  • Cooney, J. B., Swanson, H. L. & Ladd, S. F. (1988). Acquisition of mental multiplication skill- evidence for the transition between counting and retrieval strategies. Cognition Instruction. 5, pp.323–345. doi:10.1207/s1532690xci0504_5
  • Creswell, J.W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (Çeviri Editörleri, Mesut Bütün, S. Beşir Demir). Siyasal Yayıncılık.
  • Greer, B. (1992). Multiplication and division as models of situations. In D. Grouws (Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp. 276–295). Macmillan.
  • Gürsel, O. (2000). Hata analizi yoluyla zihin özürlü̈ öğrencilerin dört işlemde yaptıkları hataların sınıflandırılması. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 10(2), 127-143.
  • Harries, T., & Barmby, P. (2008). Representing and understanding multiplication, Research in Mathematics Education, 9(1), 33-45.
  • Izsák, A. (2005). You have to count the squares: Applying knowledge in pieces to learning rectangular area. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 14(3), 361–403.
  • Kaufmann, O.T. (2019). Students’ reasoning on multiplication in the context of a primary school classroom. REDIMAT – Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 8(1), 6-29. doi: 10.17583/redimat.2019.2822
  • Larsson, K., Pettersson, K., & Andrews, P. (2017). Students’ conceptualisations of multiplication as repeated addition or equal groups in relation to multi-digit and decimal numbers. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 48, 1-13.
  • O’Brien, T. C., & Casey, S. A. (1983). Children learning multiplication: Part I. School Science and Mathematics, 83(1), 246-251.
  • Olkun, S. & Uçar, Z. T. (2007). İlköğretimde etkinlik temelli matematik öğretimi. Maya Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Saleh, S., Saleh, F., Rahman, S. A., & Mohamed, A. R. (2010). Diagnosing year two pupils understanding of the certain concepts of multiplication at selected schools in Sabah. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 114-120.
  • Seah, T. K. R. (2004). An investigation of the depth and breadth of students’ knowledge of multiplication as a basis for the development of multiplication thinking (Unpublished master’s thesis). Griffin University.
  • Sherin, B., & Fuson, K. (2005). Multiplication Strategies and the Appropriation of Computational Resources. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 36(4), 347–395. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30035044.
  • Smith, S. Z., & Smith, M. E. (2006). Assessing elementary understanding of multiplication concepts. School Science and Mathematics,106(3), pp.140-149.
  • Simon, M. A., & Blume, G. W. (1994). Building and understanding multiplicative relationships: A study of prospective elementary teachers. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 25(5), 472-494.
  • Üçüncü, K. (2010), İlköğretim (2-5. Sınıf) öğretmenlerinin çarpma işlemi öğretimine ilişkin görüşleri ve öğrencilerin kazanımlara ulaşma düzeyi. (Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü̈, Ankara.
  • Whitacre, I., & Nickerson, S. D. (2016). Investigating the improvement of prospective elementary teachers’ number sense in reasoning about fraction magnitude. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 19(1), 57–77.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gülşah Özdemir Baki This is me 0000-0002-1497-6528

Publication Date March 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özdemir Baki, G. (2023). İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Çarpma İşlemini Anlamlandırmaları. Dynamics in Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(1), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.5152/OJFHSS.2022.230325

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