Mısır’da Âsi Bir Memlük: Bulutkapan Ali Bey El-Kebîr 1768/69-1773

Year 2013, Volume: 53 Issue: 1, 155 - 182, 01.01.2013

Selda Güner

Abstract

Bu makale 18. yüzyıl ortalarında, merkez-çevre ilişkileri çerçevesinde, Mısır’da bir Memlük beyinin yükseliş ve zevalini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bulutkapan Ali Bey Ali Bey el-Kebir Ö. 1773 ’in Mısır, Hicaz ve Suriye’de yarı otonom bir hükümet tesis etme mücadelesi, 1517 yılında Osmanlı Devleti’nin son verdiği Memlük Devleti’nin başarısız bir yeniden canlandırılması teşebbüsü olarak algılanabilir mi? Bu sorunun cevabı Osmanlı Mısır’ında Memlük hanelerinin durumuna ve özellikle de mezkûr yüzyılda önplana çıkmış Kazdağlı hanesine bakılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Nitekim Bulutkapan Ali Bey Kafkasyalı bir köle olarak Kazdağlı hanesine intisap etmişti. Onun yükselişi, efendisi Đbrahim Kethüda’nın ölümünden sonra Memlük beyleri arasında başlayan mücadele döneminde gerçekleşmiştir. Diğer taraftan bu çalışma Kahire’deki Osmanlı valisinin iktidarının Memlük beylerince fiilen sınırlandırıldığına da iddia etmektedir. Dolayısıyla Bulutkapan Ali Bey’in yükselişi ve düşüşü, Osmanlı merkezi ve Memlük beylerinin ittifak ve çatışma gibi farklı yolları içeren politikalarıyla da belirlenir. Ayrıca Osmanlı-Rus savaşları sebebiyle Osmanlı merkezi Ali Bey’in nüfuzunu kurma sürecini engelleyemedi. Diğer taraftan onun iktidarına yine kendisi gibi bir Memlük olan Ebuzzeheb Mehmet Bey son verecekti.

Keywords

Mısır, Bulutkapan Ali Bey, Memlük, Hane, İsyan, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Şeyhü’l-beled, Ebuzzeheb Mehmed Bey

A Mamluk Rebel in Egypt: Bulutkapan Ali Bey El-Kebîr 1768/69-1773

Abstract

This article aims to examine, within the framework of center-periphery relations, the rise and fall of a Mamluk leader in Egypt in the middle of the 18th century. Bulutkapan Ali Bey el-Kabir D.1773 ’s struggle to establish a semiautonomous government in Egypt, the Hijaz and Biladu’ş-Şam can be considered as an attemp to unsuccessful revitalization of Mamluks eliminated by the Ottoman Empire in 1517? The answer to this question requires to examine of the stiatution of Mamluk households and especially Kazdaglis gained importance in this century. Indeed as a Caucasian slave Bulutkapan Ali Bey became affiliated with Kazdaglı Household. Ali Bey began to rise after the death of his master Đbrahim Kathuda, the struggle period between Mamluk Bays. In this work also claim that the rule of Ottoman governor of Cairo actually limited by Mamluk Bays in this period. Therefore, the rise and fall of Bulutkapan Ali Bey was determined by the policies of Ottoman center and Mamluk Bays containing different ways such as alliance and conflict. Moreover because of the Ottoman-Russian wars, Ottoman center could not prevent the process of setting up his power. On the other hand Ebuzzeheb Mehmed Bay, a Mamluk just like Ali Bay, put an end to his adventure.

Keywords

Egypt, Bulutkapan Ali Bay, Mamluk, Household, Revolt, Otoman Empire, Shaikh al-Balad, Abuzzehab Mehmed Bay

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