UYARICI-TEPKİ İZLERLİĞİ BULUNDUĞUNDA BAĞLAM TEKRARI SIRALI UYUMLULUK ETKİSİNİ DEĞİŞTİRMEZ

Year 2018, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 955 - 972, 01.01.2018

Aslı Bahar İnan Nart Bedin Atalay Mine Mısırlısoy

Abstract

Sıralı Uyumluluk Etkisi SUE uyumlu denemelere kıyasla, uyumsuz denemeleri izleyen uyumluluk etkisinin daha düşük olması olarak tanımlanır. Bağlam tekrarının SUE üzerindeki etkisi iki deneyde incelenmiştir. İki deneyde de dört renkli Stroop görevi kullanılmıştır. Uyarıcılar iki kümeye ayrılmıştır. Birinci kümedeki uyarıcılar için uyarıcı ve bağlam arasında bir izlerlik yoktur. İkinci kümedeki uyarıcılar için ise bu türden bir izlerlik vardır. Bağlamsal özellik olarak, birinci deneyde büyük ve küçük harf, ikinci deneyde ise düz ve italik yazıtipi kullanılmıştır. Deney 1’de izlerliğin olmadığı kümedeki uyarıcılar için SUE gözlemlenmiş fakat bağlam değişiminin SUE üzerinde etkisi gözlemlenmemiştir. Kısaca, SUE hem bağlam tekrarı hem de bağlam değişimi koşullarında gözlemlenmiştir. Diğer bir deyişle, izlerlik farklı bir kümede ikinci kümede de olsa deney içinde izlerliğin bulunması bağlam değişiminin SUE üzerindeki etkisini kaldırmıştır. Deney 2’de ise izlerliğin bulunduğu küme için izlerlik daha güçlü hale getirilmiş ve birinci kümedeki uyarıcılar için sonuçlar tekrarlanmıştır. Bulgular, izlerlik bilgisi başka bir kümede dahi olsa, bağlam tekrarının SUE üzerindeki etkisinin ortadan kalktığını göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, uyarıcı, tepki ve bağlam bilgisini ve büyük olasılıkla kontrol parametrelerini de birleştiren olay temsillerinin, dinamik olarak kullanıldığını desteklemektedir.

Keywords

Dikkat, Bilişsel Kontrol, Stroop Görevi, Sıralı Uyumluluk Etkisi, İzlerlik

CONTEXT REPETITION DOES NOT CHANGE THE SEQUENTIAL CONGRUENCY EFFECT WHEN THERE IS A STIMULUS-RESPONSE CONTINGENCY

Abstract

The sequential congruency effect SCE is defined as the decrease in the congruency effect following incongruent trials compared to congruent trials. The effect of context repetition on SCE was investigated with two experiments. In both experiments, a four-color Stroop task was used, and stimuli were divided into two sets. For the first set of items, there was not a contingency between the stimulus and the context; however, for the second set there was a contingency between the stimulus and the context. Context was manipulated in Experiment 1 by using upper-case and lower-case letters, and in Experiment 2 by using regular and italic font. In Experiment 1, a significant SCE was observed with the non-contingent set, however there was no effect of context change on the SCE. In brief, the SCE was observed both when the context changed or when it remained the same. In other words, even if the contingency was in a different set the second set , the fact that contingency existed in the experiment was enough to eliminate the effect of context-change on the SCE. In Experiment 2, the contingency manipulation was strengthened for the set that contained contingency and results were replicated for the first set, which did not contain contingency. The results showed that even though contingency is manipulated in a different set, it is enough to eliminate the effect of context repetition on the SCE. These results, support the notion that event representations, which contain stimulus, response and context information and most probably control parameters, are used dynamically.

Keywords

Attention, Cognitive Control, Stroop Task, Sequential Congruency Effect, Contingency

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