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JACQUES LACAN'IN YAPISALCILIK İLE KARMAŞIK İLİŞKİSİ

Year 2019, Volume: 59 Issue: 1, 529 - 542, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Jacques Lacan'ın psikanalitik kuramlarını sorunsuz bir şekilde yapısalcı ya da postyapısalcı bir zeminde değerlendirmek, yaşadığı dönüşümlerden dolayı ve yapısalcı olarak gruplandırıldığı döneminde postyapısalcı öğeleri, postyapısalcı olarak gruplandırıldığı döneminde ise hâlâ bazı yapısalcı öğeleri barındırdığı için hatalı bir yaklaşım olur. Tıpkı Fransız düşünür Roland Barthes'ın düşünsel evriminde olduğu gibi, Lacan'ın da yapısalcı döneminde, özneyi imleyenin etkisinde bir süreç ya da 'operasyonel bir nosyon' olarak alması ve istikrarlı olamayan ontolojik bir zemine oturtması gibi postyapısalcı izler görmek olasıdır. Postyapısalcı olarak nitelenen döneminde de, yapısalcı düşüncenin belirleyici özelliklerinden olan topolojiye olan ilgisinin, ve değişik psişik fenomenlerin bir topoloji üzerinden anlatılması eğiliminin korunması; psişik mekanizmaların anlaşılmaya çalışılması; ve bir gerçeklik arayışı gibi öğelerin korunduğunu görürüz. Yine de Lacan'ı okurken ve onun kuramlarını çözümlerken bu kuramların hangi dönemine ait olduğunu bilmek, yapılan çalışmanın iç tutarlılığı ve olası bir mantık hatasına düşmemek için önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Lacan'ın klinik pratiğinden ziyade, onun psikanalitik kuramlarının yapısalcılık ve kısaca postyapısalcılık bağlamında bir değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır. Bu çalışma Lacan'ın kuramlarının yapısalcılık ve postyapısalcılık arasında bir eşiğe yerleştirilmesinin daha doğru olacağını savunur.

References

  • Bär, Eugen. “Understanding Lacan.” Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Science. Vol III. Ed. L. Goldberger ve V.H. Rosen. New York: International UP, 1974. 473- 544.
  • Benveniste, Emile. Problems in General Linguistics. Trans. M. E. Meek ve Coral Gables. Florida: University of Miami Press, 1971.
  • Britton, Celia. “Structuralist and poststructuralist psychoanalytic and Marxist theories.” The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism. Vol.VIII. Ed. Raman Selden. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995. 197-254.
  • De Saussure, Ferdinand. Course in General Linguistics. Trans. Wade Baskin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966.
  • Derrida, Jacques. Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore, Maryland: John Hopkins UP, 1997.
  • --. Resistance of Psychoanalysis. Trans. P. Kamuf, P. Brault ve M. Naas. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 1998.
  • Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.
  • Eliott, Anthony. Psychoanalytic Theory. 2. ed. New York, NY: Palgrave, 2002.
  • Emig, Rainer. “Literary Criticism and psychoanalytic position.” The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism. Vol IX. Ed. C. Knellwolf ve C. Norris. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001.
  • Gallop, Jane. Reading Lacan. Ithaca: Cornel UP, 1985.
  • Gosh, Mallika. “Lacan and Post-Structuralism.” International Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology (IJSSA). 1.1 (Dec. 2016): 85-89.
  • Holland, Norman. Psychoanalytic Psychology and Literature-and-Psychology. New York, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1990.
  • Kornbluh, Anna. “Freud’s Return to Lacan.” After Lacan. Literature Theory and Psychoanalysis in the Twenty-First Century. Ed. Ankhi Mukherjee. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2018.41-57.
  • Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan Book II: The Ego in Freud’s Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954-1955. Trans. Sylvana Tomaselli. New York: Norton, 1988.
  • --. Écrits (1st complete edition in English). Trans. Bruce Fink. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006.
  • Mukherjee, Ankhi. Introduction. After Lacan. Literature Theory and Psychoanalysis in the Twenty-First Century. Ed. Ankhi Mukherjee. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2018. 1-22.
  • Rabate, J.M. The Cambridge Introduction to Literature and Psychoanalysis. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014.
  • Sarup, Madan. Jacques Lacan. Hertfordshire: Simon & Schuster, 1992.
  • Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 10.10.2018.
  • Wright, Elizabeth. Psychoanalytic Criticism: Theory in Practice. Lacan: Methuen, 1984.

LACAN'S COMPLICATED RELATIONSHIP WITH STRUCTURALISM

Year 2019, Volume: 59 Issue: 1, 529 - 542, 01.01.2019

Abstract

It would not be appropriate to locate Lacan in either structuralism or postructuralism without any problematisation due to the transformations he went through and due to the fact that in his structuralist phase his way of thinking embodies some poststructuralist implications and in his poststructuralist phase, he still kept some of the structuralist elements in his mode of thinking. As in the intellectual evolution of the French thinker Roland Barthes, in Lacan's structuralist phase, there are some poststructuralist elements like his idea of the subject as the effect of the signifier and as an operational notion, or his positioning of the subject on a slippery ontological ground. In his poststructuralist phase, he maintains some of the structuralist elements like his interest in topology, which is a typical structuralist concern, an interest in the psychic mechanisms and a search for truth. While reading and consulting Lacan, knowing to which phase there ideas belong is important to achieve argumentative coherence and not to fall into a logical phallacy. Rather than Lacan's clinical practice, this study aims to view his psychoanalytical theories in the context of structuralism and poststructuralism. This study suggests that Lacan should be taken as a threshold figure between structuralism and poststructuralism.

References

  • Bär, Eugen. “Understanding Lacan.” Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Science. Vol III. Ed. L. Goldberger ve V.H. Rosen. New York: International UP, 1974. 473- 544.
  • Benveniste, Emile. Problems in General Linguistics. Trans. M. E. Meek ve Coral Gables. Florida: University of Miami Press, 1971.
  • Britton, Celia. “Structuralist and poststructuralist psychoanalytic and Marxist theories.” The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism. Vol.VIII. Ed. Raman Selden. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995. 197-254.
  • De Saussure, Ferdinand. Course in General Linguistics. Trans. Wade Baskin. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966.
  • Derrida, Jacques. Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore, Maryland: John Hopkins UP, 1997.
  • --. Resistance of Psychoanalysis. Trans. P. Kamuf, P. Brault ve M. Naas. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 1998.
  • Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.
  • Eliott, Anthony. Psychoanalytic Theory. 2. ed. New York, NY: Palgrave, 2002.
  • Emig, Rainer. “Literary Criticism and psychoanalytic position.” The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism. Vol IX. Ed. C. Knellwolf ve C. Norris. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001.
  • Gallop, Jane. Reading Lacan. Ithaca: Cornel UP, 1985.
  • Gosh, Mallika. “Lacan and Post-Structuralism.” International Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology (IJSSA). 1.1 (Dec. 2016): 85-89.
  • Holland, Norman. Psychoanalytic Psychology and Literature-and-Psychology. New York, Oxford: Oxford UP, 1990.
  • Kornbluh, Anna. “Freud’s Return to Lacan.” After Lacan. Literature Theory and Psychoanalysis in the Twenty-First Century. Ed. Ankhi Mukherjee. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2018.41-57.
  • Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan Book II: The Ego in Freud’s Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954-1955. Trans. Sylvana Tomaselli. New York: Norton, 1988.
  • --. Écrits (1st complete edition in English). Trans. Bruce Fink. New York: W.W. Norton, 2006.
  • Mukherjee, Ankhi. Introduction. After Lacan. Literature Theory and Psychoanalysis in the Twenty-First Century. Ed. Ankhi Mukherjee. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2018. 1-22.
  • Rabate, J.M. The Cambridge Introduction to Literature and Psychoanalysis. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2014.
  • Sarup, Madan. Jacques Lacan. Hertfordshire: Simon & Schuster, 1992.
  • Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 10.10.2018.
  • Wright, Elizabeth. Psychoanalytic Criticism: Theory in Practice. Lacan: Methuen, 1984.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nurten Birlik This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 59 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Birlik, N. (2019). JACQUES LACAN’IN YAPISALCILIK İLE KARMAŞIK İLİŞKİSİ. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 59(1), 529-542.

Ankara University Journal of the Faculty of Languages and History-Geography

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