Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Fecal Streptococci İsolated From Kilis Surface Water Bodies

Year 2023, , 638 - 643, 30.04.2023

Hatice Aysun Mercimek Takcı , Sevil Toplar

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1081523

Cited By: 2

Abstract

In this present study, it is aimed to investigate the fecal streptococcus pollution frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates in surface water samples taken from 2 different location, Kilis. Fecal streptocccus number of water samples taken in September 2020, was determined as 11 MPN (most probable number)/100 mL. It was detected that fecal streptococcal isolates were resistant to clindamycin, tetracycline and erythromycin standard antibiotics and the multiple antibiotic resistance index was 0.48. As a result, bacteriological contamination of fecal originated and multi-resistant streptococci in the Kilis surface water locations threatens the balance in the ecosystem.

Keywords

Antibiotic susceptibility, Indicator bacteria, Kilis, Water quality.

Kilis Yüzeysel Su Kaynaklarından İzole Edilen Fekal Streptokokların Antibiyotik Hassasiyet Profilleri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Kilis ilinde 2 farklı lokasyondan alınan yüzeysel su örneklerindeki fekal streptokok kirlenmesi ve izolatların antibiyotik hassasiyet profillerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Eylül 2020’de alınan su örneklerinin fekal streptokok bakteri sayısı 11 EMS (en muhtemel sayı)/100 mL olarak tespit edilmiştir. Fekal streptokok izolatlarının klindamisin, tetrasiklin ve eritromisin standart antibiyotiklere direnç gösterdikleri ve çoklu antibiyotik direnç indeksi 0.48 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Kilis yüzeysel su lokasyonlarındaki fekal kaynaklı ve çoklu dirence sahip streptokoklara ilişkin bakteriyolojik kirlenme, ekosistemdeki dengeyi tehdit eder düzeydedir.

Keywords

Antibiyotik Hassasiyeti, İndikatör Bakteri, Kilis, Su Kalitesi

References

• [1]T. Ichor, E.U. Umeh, and E.E. Duru, “Microbial contamination of surface water sources in rural areas of Guma local government area of Benue State, Nigeria,” International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, vol. 2, no.2, pp. 43-51, 2014.
• [2]T. Akkan, and T. Topkaraoglu, “Determination of antibiotic resistance levels of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from freshwater sources: Batlama Creek,” Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 539-544, 2019.
• [3]Bundesverband der Deutschen Gas-und Wasser wirtschaft C.V (ed) (2001) Wasserstaistik 1999/2000 V.G.W., Bonn Germany. pp. 589-593.
• [4]J.N. Muniz, K.G. Duarte, F.H. Ramos Braga, N.S. Lima, D.F. Silva, W.C.A. Firmo, M.R.V. Batista, F.M.A.M. Silva, R. de C.M. Miranda, and M.R.C. Silva, “Limnological quality: Seasonality assessment and potential for contamination of the pindaré river watershed, pre-amazon region, Brazil,” Water (Switzerland), vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1-13, 2020.
• [5]A. Sunday, and F. Oyinade, “Bacteriological assessment of selected hand-pumped boreholes water sources in malete environs, Kwara State Nigeria, ” Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 47-58, 2020.
• [6]P.K. Pandey, P.H. Kass, M.L. Soupir, S. Biswas, and V. Singh, “Contamination of water resources by pathogenic bacteria, ” AMB Express, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 2014.
• [7]M. José Figueras, and J.J. Borrego, “New perspectives in monitoring drinking water microbial quality,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 4179-4202, 2010.
• [8]C.M. Manjusha, U. Megha, P. Sadasivan, and P. Harikumar, “Isolation and characterisation of total Streptocci and fecal Streptococci from Kuppam river basin in South west coast of India,” International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 164-175, 2014.
• [9]J.P.S. Cabral, “Water microbiology. Bacterial pathogens and water,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 3657-3703, 2010.
• [10]Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, APHA, 1998.
• [11]Guidelines for drinking-water quality, WHO, 2006.
• [12]Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 14 th Edition, American Public Health Association, American Works Association, Water Environment Federation, 9:110-9:112.
• [13]A.W. Bauer, W.M. Kirby, J.C. Sherris, and M. Turck, “Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method,” American Journal of Clinical Pathology., vol. 45, no. 4, 493-496, 1966.
• [14]P.H. Krumpermann, “Multiple antibiotic resistances indexing of E. coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 46, no. 1, 165-170, 1983.
• [15]Z. Koloren, B. Tas, and D. Kaya, “Microbiological pollution of Gaga Lake in Ordu (Turkey) Abstract,” The Black Sea Journal of Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 74-85, 2005.
• [16]Sular-insani tüketim amaçlı sular, Türk Standartlar Enstitüsü TS 266, 2005.
• [17]Guidelines for drinking water quality, WHO, 2006.
• [18]M.I. Azzam, S.M. Ezzat, B.A. Othman, and K.A. El-Dougdoug, “Antibiotics resistance phenomenon and virulence ability in bacteria from water environment,” Water Science, vol. 31, pp. 109-121, 2017.
• [19]H. Çelebi, “Karasu kanal sularinda beli̇rli mi̇kroorgani̇zma türleri̇ni̇n araştırılması,” Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, c. 6, s. 2, pp. 182-189, 2018.
• [20]C. Hagedorn, S.L. Robinson, J.R. Filtz, S.M. Grubbs, T.A Angier, and R.B. Reneau Jr, “Determining sources of fecal pollution in a rural virginia watershed with antibiotic resistance patterns in fecal Streptococci,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 5522-5531, 1999.
• [21]A.E. Abdelraouf, H. Philippe, J.E. Kamal, A. Adnan, A. Samir, E. Fatma, and R.A. Alaa, “Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, fecal streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the coastal water of the Gaza strip-Palestine,” International Arabic Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1-13, 2016.
• [22]T. Akkan, S. Mehel, and C. Mutlu, (2019). “Determining the level of bacteriological pollution level in Yağlıdere Stream, Giresun,” Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Researchs. vol. 5, no.2, pp. 83-88, 2019
• [23]N.L.A. Hassan, K.K. Yern, and N.A.M. Zain, “Isolation of antibiotic resistant bacteria from rivers in Terengganu, Malaysia,” International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 291- 307, 2020.
• [24]T. Schwartz, W. Kohnen, B. Jansen, and U. Obst, “Detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in wastewater, surface water, and drinking water biofillms,” FEMS Microbiology Ecology, vol. 43, pp. 325-333, 2003
• [25]J.O. Orogu, G.P. Oyeyiola, and O.O. Adebisi, “Antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from pipe–borne chlorinated (treated) water and untreated water in ilorin,” MOJ Bioequivalence & Bioavailability, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 183-191, 2017.